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"Over the last few decades businesses in Australia and around the world have been utterly transformed by powerful information technologies, from the PC and the internet to email and cellular phones - to the extent that a new type of economy is said to have been created: the 'Now Economy' which is characteriesed by 24/7/365 globalised operations, customer interaction and management decision making. By contrast, the way in which these entities are audited has not experienced an equivalent evolution. Over the last century, external auditors have tended to examine an entity only once a year and listed entities themselves only report quarterly in many parts of the world and half yearly in Australia, even though the capability exists for both reporting and auditing on a much timlier basis. The emerging field of Continuous Assurance attempts to better match internal and external audting practices to the reality of the IT-eanbled entity in order to provide stakeholders with more timely assurance. The dramatic collapse of leading banks around the world makes it all the more important that external and internal auditors take full advantage of modern technology to provide shareholders and managers with the most timely and relevant assurance."--P. 7.
The family business has a far reaching influence on economies throughout the world. No other type of business has driven economic development in the same way and today, in almost all countries, family businesses including such giants as Ford, Levi Strauss, L'Oréal and Ferrero are the source of more than half of the Gross National Product (GNP) and employment. As a result of their prominence the question of how they are governed, controlled and accounted for is crucial not only for the owning families, but also for the societies in which these companies operate. The Family Business considers: · How to define a family-controlled business and the significance of this form of privately-held enterprise. · Governance systems in the context of the family business. · How a board of outsiders can add value to the typical family business. · How to handle the classical tensions between family and board and between family and management on the other. · How to gain effective and efficient control at the highest level. The answer to these questions and others is given by providing a large number of examples of internationally active family businesses and from the authors teaching and research into this area. Sustainability is the key concern to the family business and this book breaks new ground in showing how they can successfully live on to the next generation.
An anthology of white culture
Computational intelligence is a well-established paradigm, where new theories with a sound biological understanding have been evolving. The current experimental systems have many of the characteristics of biological computers (brains in other words) and are beginning to be built to perform a variety of tasks that are difficult or impossible to do with conventional computers. As evident, the ultimate achievement in this field would be to mimic or exceed human cognitive capabilities including reasoning, recognition, creativity, emotions, understanding, learning and so on. This book comprising of 17 chapters offers a step-by-step introduction (in a chronological order) to the various modern computational intelligence tools used in practical problem solving. Staring with different search techniques including informed and uninformed search, heuristic search, minmax, alpha-beta pruning methods, evolutionary algorithms and swarm intelligent techniques; the authors illustrate the design of knowledge-based systems and advanced expert systems, which incorporate uncertainty and fuzziness. Machine learning algorithms including decision trees and artificial neural networks are presented and finally the fundamentals of hybrid intelligent systems are also depicted. Academics, scientists as well as engineers engaged in research, development and application of computational intelligence techniques, machine learning and data mining would find the comprehensive coverage of this book invaluable.
This unique volume offers a definitive new history of European economies at war from 1914 to 1918. It studies how European economies mobilised for war, how existing economic institutions stood up under the strain, how economic development influenced outcomes and how wartime experience influenced post-war economic growth. Leading international experts provide the first systematic comparison of economies at war between 1914 and 1918 based on the best available data for Britain, Germany, France, Russia, the USA, Italy, Turkey, Austria-Hungary and the Netherlands. The editors' overview draws some stark lessons about the role of economic development, the importance of markets and the damage done by nationalism and protectionism. A companion volume to the acclaimed The Economics of World War II, this is a major contribution to our understanding of total war.
This textbook focuses on the management challenges of founding a new venture and managing its rapid growth as the firm evolves. It covers crucial management areas in the entrepreneurship context such as entrepreneurial finance, marketing, and human resource management. Also, more hands-on management topics like writing a business plan and choosing a legal form for a venture are covered. A key chapter of the book is dedicated to leadership challenges in managing rapidly growing young firms located in new industries and technology areas. The book is written from a Continental European perspective to cater for its European target audience in entrepreneurship courses to be held in English.
Many forms of present-day Western spirituality contribute to people’s well-being, whereas others have raised criticism. The study of these different forms is, however, complicated by their continuously diverging practices and ideas. By bringing to bear a multidisciplinary approach, the ten specialists of this volume are able to analyze diverse new instances of spirituality, e.g. in religious contexts (Buddhism, Christianity), popular use, organizations and enterprises, (alternative) health service, and works of art. Most contributions also discuss methods and theories. In their editorial chapters, Elisabeth Hense, Frans Jespers and Peter Nissen show the remarkable overlaps in the approaches, definitions and evaluations of the contributions in this volume and provide a theoretical framework. Both the fresh analyses and the theoretical reflections in this volume point the way to new approaches in this field of study. Contributors include: Jerry Biberman, Mark Elliott, Miguel Farias, Johan Goud, Paul Heelas, Elisabeth Hense, Frans Jespers, Hubert Knoblauch, Peter Nissen, Paul van der Velde
Using international examples, leading scholars present the first critical analysis of cluster theory, assessing the cluster notion and drawing out, not only its undoubted strengths and attractions, but also its weaknesses and limitations. Over the past decade the ‘cluster model’ has been seized on as a tool for promoting competitiveness, innovation and growth on local, regional and national scales. However, despite its popularity there is much about it that is problematic, and in some respects the rush to employ ‘cluster ideas’ has run ahead of many fundamental conceptual, theoretical and empirical questions. Addressing key questions on the nature, use and effectiveness of cluster models, Clusters and Regional Development provides the missing thorough theoretical and empirical evaluation.
Mega-events like the Olympics, the World Cup of soccer, the World Series of baseball, cycling's Tour de France, and the Super Bowl draw our attention to the deep cultural significance of sport and its role in fostering social bonds. Yet when it comes to sport, there is no shortage of debate: stereotypes regarding sexuality, race, gender, and children have been hotly contested by critics for over 40 years. Even today, sport is one of the very few socially accepted sites of violence, intense competition and controlled forms of social disorder. Battleground: Sports presents the 100 most contentious public and private controversies of the sports world. Highlighted throughout are debates surrounding ethnicity, gender, sexuality, and social identity, sports fan behavior, as well as the role of governments and corporations. Engaging and accessible to a wide variety of readers, this fascinating reference illustrates how sports controversies reflect the historically enduring and changing nature of our broader cultures, and the social battles we engage on a day-to-day basis surrounding the struggles for equality, debates about social violence, the ethics of competition, the politics of civic life, the creation of global communities, and the State's role in protecting citizens. Entries contain an array of thoughtful perspectives on historic and current controversies, and allow readers to formulate their own conclusions. Enhanced with a timeline, a thorough guide of print and electronic resources for high school and undergraduate student research, this one-stop reference goes beyond the newspaper headlines to provide readers with a guide map for understanding what sport controversies teach us about our culture and ourselves.