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This text begins by describing the basic principles and diagnostic applications of optical techniques based on detecting and processing the scattering, fluorescence, FT IR, and Raman spectroscopic signals from various tissues, with an emphasis on blood, epithelial tissues, and human skin. The second half of the volume discusses specific imaging technologies, such as Doppler, laser speckle, optical coherence tomography (OCT), and fluorescence and photoacoustic imaging.
Optical Polarization in Biomedical Applications introduces key developments in optical polarization methods for quantitative studies of tissues, while presenting the theory of polarization transfer in a random medium as a basis for the quantitative description of polarized light interaction with tissues. This theory uses the modified transfer equation for Stokes parameters and predicts the polarization structure of multiple scattered optical fields. The backscattering polarization matrices (Jones matrix and Mueller matrix) important for noninvasive medical diagnostic are introduced. The text also describes a number of diagnostic techniques such as CW polarization imaging and spectroscopy, polarization microscopy and cytometry. As a new tool for medical diagnosis, optical coherent polarization tomography is analyzed. The monograph also covers a range of biomedical applications, among them cataract and glaucoma diagnostics, glucose sensing, and the detection of bacteria.
This third edition of the biomedical optics classic Tissue Optics covers the continued intensive growth in tissue optics—in particular, the field of tissue diagnostics and imaging—that has occurred since 2007. As in the first two editions, Part I describes fundamentals and basic research, and Part II presents instrumentation and medical applications. However, for the reader’s convenience, this third edition has been reorganized into 14 chapters instead of 9. The chapters covering optical coherence tomography, digital holography and interferometry, controlling optical properties of tissues, nonlinear spectroscopy, and imaging have all been substantially updated. The book is intended for researchers, teachers, and graduate and undergraduate students specializing in the physics of living systems, biomedical optics and biophotonics, laser biophysics, and applications of lasers in biomedicine. It can also be used as a textbook for courses in medical physics, medical engineering, and medical biology.
Concise, yet comprehensive, coverage of various endoscopic forms as provided in this book will help the reader generate new knowledge in this field. Endoscopy has been in practice for many years in diagnostic medicine. From a simple image collection device, the endoscope has grown into an instrument that incorporates multiple imaging modalities to extract structural and functional information from different parts of the human body. Multimodality endoscopes are discussed in detail in this book, along with their clinical applications. The book is intended for graduate-level students as a quick reference to understand the evolving trends in endoscopic design research. The challenges that remain unaddressed could potentially be explored by biomedical researchers to advance this technology to realize the concept of optical biopsy during routine endoscopic examinations. The book portrays the endoscope as a purely optical instrument, and hence hybrid modes of endoscopic imaging are not covered.
A wide variety of biomedical photonic technologies have been developed recently for clinical monitoring of early disease states; molecular diagnostics and imaging of physiological parameters; molecular and genetic biomarkers; and detection of the presence of pathological organisms or biochemical species of clinical importance. However, available in
This is an interdisciplinary book that presents the applications of novel laser spectroscopy and imaging techniques for the detection of cancers recently developed by some of the world's most renown researchers. The book consists of three parts and a total of 16 chapters. Each chapter is written by leading experts who are actively seeking to develop novel spectroscopic and analytical methods for cancer detection and diagnosis.In Part I, the authors present fundamentals on optics, atoms and molecules, biophysics, cancer and machine learning. These chapters are intended for those who are not experts in the field but wish to learn about fundamentals' aspects of some of the key topics that are addressed in this book. Particular attention has been given to providing key references for those who wish to go further into the fundamental aspects of atoms and molecules, light-matter interaction, optical instrumentation, machine learning and cancer.In Part II, the authors present key applications of various laser spectroscopic methods in cancer diagnosis. They have provided recent progress in cancer diagnostics obtained by combining laser spectroscopy and machine learning for the analysis of the spectra acquired from biomedical tissues and biofluids.In Part III, the authors present chapters that discuss key developments in the applications of various laser imaging techniques for cancer detection.This is one of the few books that addresses cancer detection and diagnosis using laser spectroscopic and imaging tools with an eye on providing the reader the scientific tools, including machine learning ones.
The Handbook of Photonics for Biomedical Science analyzes achievements, new trends, and perspectives of photonics in its application to biomedicine. With contributions from world-renowned experts in the field, the handbook describes advanced biophotonics methods and techniques intensively developed in recent years.Addressing the latest problems in
The origin of optical methods for fluid flow investigations appears to be nontraceable. This is no matter for surprise. After all seeing provides the most direct and common way for humans to learn about their environment. But at the same time some of the most sophisticated methods for doing measurements in fluids are also based on light and often laser light. A very large amount of material has been published in this area over the last two decades. Why then another publication? Well, the field is still in a state of rapid development. It is characterised by the use of results and methods developed within very different areas like optical physics, spectroscopy, communication systems, electronics and computer science, mechanical engineering, chemical engineering and, of course, fluid dynamics. We are not aware of a book containing both introductory and more advanced material that covers the same material as presented here. The book is the result of a compilation and expansion of material presented at a summer school on Optical Diagnosticsfor Flow Processes,held at RiS0 National Laboratory and the Technical University of Denmark in September 1993. The aim of the course was to provide a solid background for understanding, evaluating, and using modem optical diagnostic methods, addressing Ph. D. students and researchers active in areas of fluid flow research. The disciplines represented by the participants ranged from atmospheric fluid dynamics to biomedicine.
Biomedical optical imaging is a rapidly emerging research area with widespread fundamental research and clinical applications. This book gives an overview of biomedical optical imaging with contributions from leading international research groups who have pioneered many of these techniques and applications. A unique research field spanning the microscopic to the macroscopic, biomedical optical imaging allows both structural and functional imaging. Techniques such as confocal and multiphoton microscopy provide cellular level resolution imaging in biological systems. The integration of this technology with exogenous chromophores can selectively enhance contrast for molecular targets as well as supply functional information on processes such as nerve transduction. Novel techniques integrate microscopy with state-of-the-art optics technology, and these include spectral imaging, two photon fluorescence correlation, nonlinear nanoscopy; optical coherence tomography techniques allow functional, dynamic, nanoscale, and cross-sectional visualization. Moving to the macroscopic scale, spectroscopic assessment and imaging methods such as fluorescence and light scattering can provide diagnostics of tissue pathology including neoplastic changes. Techniques using light diffusion and photon migration are a means to explore processes which occur deep inside biological tissues and organs. The integration of these techniques with exogenous probes enables molecular specific sensitivity.