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Analyses achievements and shortcomings of Nigerian National Plans from the Ten-Year Plan 1946-1955 to the Fifth National Development Plan 1988-1992.
In this insightful book, development historian Bekeh Utietiang Ukelina addresses the crisis of development in Africa by locating it in its colonial historical past. Using Nigeria as a case study, he argues that the nature and practice of British colonialism in this colony created social and economic deficiencies that have left a legacy of underdevelopment. Ukelina outlines the processes that led to the 1945 Nigerian Development Plan and the evolution of colonial agricultural policy and practices in Nigeria. He argues that a few key factors led to the failure of development in the late colonial period: the imperial and neocolonial imperative to exploit African resources and people, poor planning as a result of this imperative, and the racial ideologies of the colonial state that resulted in a total rejection of local African experience and knowledge in favor of Western ‘experts.’ The Second Colonial Occupation uncovers and analyzes the short and long term impact of colonialism. It reveals that though colonial rule was promoted as a benevolent mission, at heart, it was a system that guaranteed that Africans continuously paid for their own exploitation. Ukelina argues that ‘postcolonial’ Africa will continue to face development challenges unless it breaks free from the intellectual relics of colonial rule and the economic shackles of neocolonialism.
This book unravels the trajectories and dilemmas of development in Nigeria since its independence in 1960. By delving into the various factors that have influenced development efforts and initiatives, Development in Nigeria: Promise on Hold? aims to draw out lessons to help the country to achieve its potential.
The Federal Government of Nigeria has adopted an ambitious strategy to make Nigeria the world’s 20th largest economy by 2020. Sustaining such a pace of growth will entail rapid expansion of the level of activity in key carbon-emitting sectors, such as power, oil and gas, agriculture and transport. In the absence of policies to accompany economic growth with a reduced carbon foot-print, emissions of greenhouse gases could more than double in the next two decades. This study finds that there are several options for Nigeria to achieve the development objectives of vision 20:2020 and beyond, but stabilizing emissions at 2010 levels, and with domestic benefits in the order of 2 percent of GDP. These benefits include cheaper and more diversified electricity sources; more efficient operation of the oil and gas industry; more productive and climate –resilient agriculture; and better transport services, resulting in fuel economies, better air quality, and reduced congestion. The study outlines several actions that the Federal Government could undertake to facilitate the transition towards a low carbon economy, including enhanced governance for climate action, integration of climate consideration in the Agriculture Transformation Agenda, promotion of energy efficiency programs, scale-up of low carbon technologies in power generation (such as renewables an combined cycle gas turbines), and enhance vehicle fuel efficiency.
"Brilliantly executed from start to finish. . . . Elegantly written, [this book] represents a substantial advance in our knowledge of the colonial administration (often called the 'colonial state') and economy after the Second World War. . . . Makes a significant contribution to scholarship in economic history in general, and on African development planning in particular. . . . The conclusion is brilliant, controversial, yet persuasive."--A. G. Adebayo, Kennesaw State College "There is no comparable book, not just with respect to Nigeria, but indeed the entire West African subregion. . . . It is a significant work, carefully constructed without ideological encumbrances. Provocative in many parts and fascinating to read, [it] is bound to have a lasting impact on the understanding of the colonial economy in the post-World War II era."--Don C. Ohadike, Cornell University By the time Nigeria attained independence from Great Britain in 1960, colonial development planning had profoundly shaped the way Nigerians thought about the role of the state and about the way to implement development policies. This major work links the colonial and postcolonial development processes, uncovering the historical roots of the contemporary crisis in Nigeria and its intractable problem of poverty. The book analyzes the origins of planning and the impact of development schemes on Nigeria from 1940 to 1960. Using the methods of economic history and based primarily on official documents from Britain, the United States, and three archives in Nigeria, it examines the conflict generated by the first colonial development plans and the details of the Ten Year Plan of 1946-55. The author distributes the responsibility--and the blame--for poor planning between the British colonial powers, who sought minimal goals, and the Nigerian elite, who had big aspirations. Told for the first time by a native African scholar, this story of development planning shows clearly where Nigeria went adrift in its transformation from a "traditional" society to a "modern" one, and calls into question theoretical and ideological foundations of development planning throughout Africa. Toyin Falola is professor of African history at the University of Texas at Austin. He is the author or editor of 15 books, including Modern Nigeria; Pawnship in Africa: Debt Bondage in Historical Perspective; Nigeria and Britain; and The Religious Impact on the Nation State. He is the joint editor of the Journal of African Economic History and the associate editor of Environment and History.
This book focuses on urban development and planning in Nigeria by analyzing the nature and determinants of urban and regional planning strategies and outcomes in Rivers State, Nigeria. The book is organized into fourteen chapters. The first chapter focuses on population growth and the development of the Nigerian urban system. The second chapter traces the roots of Nigerian urban and regional planning system. The third chapter discusses the institutional framework for planning the evolving planning institutions and the emergence of the planning profession in the country and Rivers State. Chapter four examines political and economic forces and the substantive urban planning issues and problems faced by planners in the PH metropolis. Chapter five focuses on PH urban politics, planning administration and institutions. Chapters six and seven focus on the responses of planning to environmental, housing problems, transportation, land use, local economic development, and urban services issues. It documents how urban development and planning policies pertaining to these issues affect urban population groups and how the populations have responded to the outcomes of conventional planning intervention and offers alternative policies. In chapter eight, the problems of plan implementation is examined focusing on the implementation of the Diobu Master Plan, while chapters nine, ten, and eleven present physical planning and development control within the context of local government system in Rivers State. In chapter twelve, the book presents planning for a new town, New Finima, in Rivers State, designed to resettle the Finima. Chapters thirteen and fourteen dwell on the problem of rural urban balance and regional planning in Rivers State and Nigeria in general. It focuses special attention on the problem of urban and rural disparities as the key issue facing regional planning and suggests measures for ensuring that urban planning promotes the welfare of all and enhances the opportunities for the procurement of benefits of development programs by all socioeconomic groups. The book concludes with chapter fifteen on planning imperatives to make the Port Harcourt metropolis livable.
This book deconstructs the neopatrimonial paradigm that has dominated analysis of Nigerian and African development. It shows that by denying agency to Nigerian societies and devaluing indigenous culture and local realities, Eurocentric diffusionism played a significant role in the failure of development planning.
Colonial Planning (1958) breaks new ground in its study of colonial development plans on a comparative basis. It analyses the various types of planning machinery established both in the metropolitan centres and in the territories, traces their connections and attempts a classification of their organisational problems.