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Slurry seals and micro-surfacing (slurry surfacing systems) are widely used in pavement maintenance programs as primary surface treatments for extending pavement life and restoring serviceability function of structurally adequate pavements. Compared to hot mix asphalt overlay, these treatments are more cost-effective, energy-efficient, and environmentally friendly. In order to be effective, a rational mixture designed must be carried out to determine mixture components and proportions to be used in the field. In spite of their widespread use, mixture design and testing methodologies for slurry surfacing systems are still lacking. Current design practices and testing procedures are based on the art and experience of the contractor, and checked with tests with no known relation to field performance. The main objective of this study is to develop an improved the mixture design framework and testing methodologies for slurry surfacing system. Candidate test methods for evaluating critical mixture performance parameters related to common field distresses were evaluated in the laboratory, and modified as needed. This included test for workability, early raveling, and moisture induced raveling, bleeding and rutting. Promising candidate test methods were selected based on repeatability, sensitivity to design factors, simplicity, and cost. A unified mixture design framework for both slurry seals and micro-surfacing that incorporates the candidate test methods was developed. It allows the optimum emulsion content to be selected based on minimizing moisture induced raveling and bleeding. The mixture design procedure developed was verified with design parameters from field projects around the country. The results showed that the developed procedure yield design parameters similar to those used in the field. This finding is promising given that current mixture design practices rarely give design parameters in agreement with those known by contractors to give satisfactory field performance. It is recommended that the modified mixture design procedures developed in this study be adapted as an initial basis for developing a standardized mixture design framework for slurry surfacing systems. Additional materials need to be tested to ensure that the procedure is applicable to common materials used. Finally, evaluation of field projects is needed to establish performance limits.
TRB's National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Synthesis 411: Microsurfacing explores highway microsurfacing project selection, design, contracting, equipment, construction, and performance measurement processes used by transportation agencies in the United States and Canada. Microsurfacing is a polymer-modified cold-mix surface treatment that has the potential to address a broad range of problems on today's highways --
This report contains guidelines and recommendations for managing and designing for friction on highway pavements. The contents of this report will be of interest to highway materials, construction, pavement management, safety, design, and research engineers, as well as others concerned with the friction and related surface characteristics of highway pavements.
This collection contains 113 papers presented at the Fifth ASCE Materials Engineering Congress, held in Cincinnati, Ohio, May 10-12, 1999.
TRB's National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Synthesis 342: Chip Seal Best Practices examines ways to assist in the development and implementation of pavement preservation programs by identifying the benefits of using chip seal as part of a preventive maintenance program and by highlighting advanced chip seal programs in use around the world. The report includes approximately 40 best practices in the areas of chip seal design methods, contract administration, equipment practices, construction practices, and performance measures. According to the report, the increased use of chip seals for maintenance can be a successful, cost-effective way of using preventive maintenance to preserve both low-volume and higher-volume pavements.
The Utilization of Slag in Civil Infrastructure Construction strives to integrate the theory, research, and practice of slag utilization, including the production and processing of slags. The topics covered include: production and smelting processes for metals; chemical and physical properties of slags; pretreatment and post-treatment technology to enhance slag properties; potential environmental impact; mechanisms of potential expansion; special testing methods and characteristics; slag processing for aggregate and cementitious applications; suitability of slags for use in specific applications; overall properties of materials containing slags; and commercialization and economics. The focus of the book is on slag utilization technology, with a review of the basic properties and an exploration of how its use in the end product will be technically sound, environment-friendly, and economic. - Covers the production, processing, and utilization of a broad range of ferrous, non-ferrous, and non-metallurgical slags - Provides information on applicable methods for a particular slag and its utilization to reduce potential environmental impacts and promote natural resource sustainability - Presents the overall technology of transferring a slag from the waste stream into a useful materials resource - Provides a detailed review of the appropriate utilization of each slag from processing right through to aggregate and cementitious use requirements