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The different methods available for the determination of soil organic phosphorus are open to criticism. In the literature, the Kaila and Virtanen method (54) and the Mehta et al. method (67) in particular have been disputed as to which will yield the greater amount of organic phosphorus. The first objective of the present study was to evaluate these two extraction type methods by applying them to some Alberta soils. Subsequently, the study was expanded to determine whether a relationship existed between organic phosphorus and other soil properties including pH, total phosphorus, organic carbon, organic nitrogen and nonsulphate sulphur. The second objective was to evaluate an additional extraction type procedure (49) and two ignition type procedures (59, $4) which have been used by various workers for determining the total organic phosphorus content of soils. The third objective was to ascertain a workable modification of one or more of these methods particularly with the aid of the latest findings in the use of organic matter extractions. Soils from six soil zones of Alberta were sampled in duplicate in the field. The data showed that there was no appreciable difference between the Kaila-Virtanen and Mehta et al. methods for the soils studied. Chemical and statistical analyses suggested that organic phosphorus formed an integral part of organic matter. The ignition procedures appeared to be unsatisfactory as a result of incomplete combustion or of increased solubility of the original inorganic phosphorus. The Kaila and Virtanen method, which uses a mild extractant, seemed to be the best method for determining total organic phosphorus. However, by the addition of known phosphorus bearing compounds it was shown that all methods were very empirical indeed. The Kaila and Virtanen method was improved by making modifications. However, it was reasoned that it was not possible to extract all the organic phosphorus present in a soil with one procedure. Efforts should be turned to obtain and evaluate not only definite forms of organic phosphorus, but also a better appreciation of the bonds between humic acids and phosphorus.
Long-awaited second edition of classic textbook, brought completely up to date, for courses on tropical soils, and reference for scientists and professionals.
Since the book first appeared in 1976, Methods of Seawater Analysis has found widespread acceptance as a reliable and detailed source of information. Its second extended and revised edition published in 1983 reflected the rapid pace of instrumental and methodological evolution in the preceding years. The development has lost nothing of its momentum, and many methods and procedures still suffering their teething troubles then have now matured into dependable tools for the analyst. This is especially evident for trace and ultra-trace analyses of organic and inorganic seawater constituents which have diversified considerably and now require more space for their description than before. Methods to determine volatile halocarbons, dimethyl sulphide, photosynthetic pigments and natural radioactive tracers have been added as well as applications of X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy and various electrochemical methods for trace metal analysis. Another method not previously described deals with the determination of the partial pressure of carbon dioxide as part of standardised procedures to describe the marine CO2 system.
Phosphorus is essential for life, yet is often the element most limiting for biological productivity. Although most organisms take up phosphorus in an inorganic form, organic forms frequently dominate in soils and aquatic systems. Up to this point, the role of organic phosphorus and mechanisms for its dynamics have been poorly understood. However, recent advances in research have shed new light on the subject and this book brings together these advances. It covers the transformation and characterization of organic phosphorus in both terrestrial and aquatic systems. It will attract a broad range of scientists from several disciplines.
A thorough presentation of analytical methods for characterizing soil chemical properties and processes, Methods, Part 3 includes chapters on Fourier transform infrared, Raman, electron spin resonance, x-ray photoelectron, and x-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopies, and more.