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"Dome Petroleum Ltd. is planning to construct the first of their artificial islands in the Beaufort Sea sometime during the late summer or early fall of this year. The proposed island will be located offshore in a water depth of 23m and consists of four self contained caissons placed on a dredged soil berm. The intended use of the island is twofold, namely, to use it as a platform for explorational drilling as well as to employ it as a full scale experimental structure which offers the unique opportunity to measure undistorted ice forces and ice pressures. Data gathered from this structure can then be utilized to establish design criteria for the construction of future islands located in greater water depths. The work outlined in this proposal relates mainly to the experimental nature of this island. So called false front pressure panels which are made out of steel and/or concrete are attached to the front face of the caisson(s) as shown in Figure 1. The configuration of a typical panel consists of a structurally sound plate and beam structure which transmits ice loads via load cells or flat jacks to the caisson. Overall average normal and/or shear loads are measured by the cells or jacks whereas localized stress concentrations are measured by employing sensing devices which are either built into the panel or are directly attached to the panel surface. The panels have to be anchored to the caisson. The anchor points have to be designed with great care in order to ensure that all possible loads are being properly transferred" -- ASTIS [online] database.
"This project was assigned to Swan Wooster on an urgent basis in mid-May, 1980, with the intention of installing the caisson units during the fall of the same year. Consequently little time was available for researching alternatives to the four sided, four caissoned system as originally proposed by Dome engineers. During the early weeks of design the system was modified by Swan Wooster to an eight-sided, four unit system and concrete was chosen as the most suitable construction material, from the point of view of cost and availability within the tight time schedule. With the decision to postpone construction startup to 1981, more time became available to review the possible alternatives to the above concept and to see if a preferable system could be devised. The review, nevertheless, confirms the choice of the original basic system (modified to 8 sides) as being the one most suited to the design criteria and the conditions for mobilization, set-down and re-use of the structure" -- ASTIS [online] database.
"Most diaphragms of one of the caissons are provided with gauges to measure the horizontal strains. An individual diaphragm has eight gauges arranged on one vertical cross section in four rows. How can these measurements be used for the evaluation of the ice forces acting on the caisson? The ice forces are balanced by: (1) friction forces at the bottom surface of the caisson base, and (b) passive resistance of the earth fill behind the caisson. Thus, the applied ice forces produce horizontal stresses (mainly compression) in the diaphragms and in the base. The total horizontal force in an individual diaphragm is expected to be different from the ice force applied on the face of the caisson over the area between the vertical centre lines of the adjacent panels. The difference represents the parts of the loads transmitted through the base or through other diaphragms. In other words, a localized ice force applied opposite to an individual diaphragm will be transmitted to the supporting mediums by one base as well as by all the other diaphragms. The computer analysis presented here is intended only to assess the amount of repartition of the forces between the diaphragms that can take place when the ice forces are locally applied. Because the idealization is very crude, no high accuracy is claimed. Also, this analysis does not concern itself with the part of the ice load that finds its path through the base of the caisson. At the end of this document a much more accurate and complete method of interpretation of the measurements is outlined"--Leaves 1-2.