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Recently developed diagnostic and therapeutic technologies such as OCT-angiography and small gauge vitrectomy have influenced the modern treatment of diabetic retinopathy. This volume provides a summary of the state-of-the-art evidence-based approach to managing complications that may occur with diabetic retinopathy. It offers the latest information on pathogenesis and diagnosis, and highly experienced clinicians review the results of relevant randomized clinical trials that serve as the basis of current therapy. The book provides not only a summary of data from randomized trials but also an analysis and interpretation by internationally renowned experts. Ophthalmology residents, fellows, and practicing clinicians will find this book to be a useful reference when seeking evidence-based treatment strategies for various complications of diabetic retinopathy. It is also for researchers identifying new avenues of drug developments and for insurance professionals and health care policy administrators who are establishing evidence-based therapy guidelines for therapeutic intervention.
A well-illustrated and comprehensive analysis of the treatment of diabetic retinopathy, this book covers current treatment options and guidelines, whilst also providing a detailed discussion of emerging therapeutic targets. Existing therapeutic options are covered in depth, with a major focus on anti-vascular endothelial growth factor drugs and sustained release corticosteroids, including a review of trial results supporting current treatment guidelines. The use of agents off-label is also discussed. Controversial topics are discussed in detail with an emphasis on helping the reader make informed decisions, particularly when treating patients for which several treatment approaches may be appropriate because trial data does not clearly define the best option. Emerging therapeutic areas are evaluated, as work continues to identify agents that produce superior morphologic responses and visual acuity gains by targeting other molecules that contribute to diabetic retinopathy. Promising new drugs, targets and delivery systems are identified, and their development analysed.
This book explains how to use intravitreal steroids optimally in the management of patients with intraocular inflammation (uveitis) and macular edema. The rationale for this treatment approach is first explained by examining the pathophysiology of these disease entities, with particular attention to the major role of inflammatory processes. Devices for the delivery of steroids to the eye are discussed, and guidance provided on the role of imaging studies before, during, and after steroid therapy. The value of different steroidal approaches is then considered in detail. Other topics addressed include the use of steroids as a surgical adjunct and within a combination strategy. Uveitis and macular edema are common sight-threatening diseases or complications of diabetes and retinal vein occlusion for which no adequate treatment was available until recently. Both trainees and practitioners will find Intravitreal Steroids to be an invaluable aid in combating these blinding diseases.
This book addresses diabetic retinopathy, an eye disease that remains one of the main causes of vision loss if not diagnosed and managed properly. It aims to cover the entire spectrum of the disease by describing its clinical identification and characterization, pathophysiology, epidemiology, and medical and surgical management. Diabetic Retinopathy also offers a complete overview of the present understanding of diabetic retinopathy, covering current practice but also including original contributions that offer novel perspectives for looking at and addressing this disease.The author has dedicated his lifetime to the study of diabetic retinal disease and has organized this book around his personal experience but at the same time giving the necessary information for updated management of diabetic retinopathy. Diabetic Retinopathy will be especially useful for postgraduate students in diabetology, retina specialists and researchers.
This book provides a concise overview over the pathology of retinal angiogenic diseases and explains why anti-angiogenic therapy is effective in so many patients. The reader is guided through the various clinical indications for anti-angiogenic therapy and made aware of its merits as well as current challenges and limitations. It is explained how, since its introduction for the treatment of exudative age-related macular degeneration in 2006, anti-angiogenic therapy has revolutionized the way in which we treat a range of ocular diseases. All of the authors are established experts in their respective fields who share their extensive knowledge and clinical experience with the reader. This book is both a valuable introduction to anti-angiogenic therapy in ophthalmology and a day-to-day companion for all ophthalmologists seeing patients with some of the most prevalent retinal diseases.
This textbook focuses on the vascular biology and physiology that underlie vascular disorders in clinical medicine. Vascular biomedicine is a rapidly growing field as new molecular mechanisms of vascular health and disease are unraveled. Many of the major cardiovascular diseases including coronary artery disease, heart failure, stroke and vascular dementia are diseases of the vasculature. In addition vascular injury underpins conditions like kidney failure and cardiovascular complications of diabetes. This field is truly multidisciplinary involving scientists in many domains such as molecular and vascular biology, cardiovascular physiology and pharmacology and immunology and inflammation. Clinically, specialists across multiple disciplines are involved in the management of patients with vascular disorders, including cardiologists, nephrologists, endocrinologists, neurologists and vascular surgeons. This book covers a wide range of topics and provides an overview of the discipline of vascular biomedicine without aiming at in-depth reviews, but rather offering up-to-date knowledge organized in concise and structured chapters, with key points and pertinent references. The structure of the content provides an integrative and translational approach from basic science (e.g. stem cells) to clinical medicine (e.g. cardiovascular disease). The content of this book is targeted to those who are new in the field of vascular biology and vascular medicine and is ideal for medical students, graduate and postgraduate students, clinical fellows and academic clinicians with an interest in the vascular biology and physiology of cardiovascular disease and related pathologies.
This book addresses diabetic retinopathy, an eye disease that remains one of the main causes of vision loss if not diagnosed and managed properly. It aims to cover the entire spectrum of the disease by describing its clinical identification and characterization, pathophysiology, epidemiology, and medical and surgical management. Diabetic Retinopathy also offers a complete overview of the present understanding of diabetic retinopathy, covering current practice but also including original contributions that offer novel perspectives for looking at and addressing this disease. The author has dedicated his lifetime to the study of diabetic retinal disease and has organized this book around his personal experience but at the same time giving the necessary information for updated management of diabetic retinopathy. Diabetic Retinopathy will be especially useful for postgraduate students in diabetology, retina specialists and researchers.
Diabetic retinopathy (DR), a common microvascular complication, has consistently been shown to be associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). This book provides complete coverage of DR as a potential marker for CVD in those with diabetes. It succinctly reviews the epidemiological and pathogenic links of DR to various cardiovascular events including stroke, coronary artery disease, chronic kidney disease, heart failure, and mortality. Furthermore, it discusses the usefulness of DR in CVD risk prediction and cardiovascular safety of anti-VEGF therapy in diabetic patients. There are insights from contemporary diabetic trials that demonstrated the enhanced cardiovascular benefit of novel glucose lowering therapy. It also highlights the potential of novel retinal imaging to predict CVD and its risk factors using the state-of-the art artificial intelligence-based deep learning systems. This book will be an invaluable resource for specialists translating research findings into clinical care, including those in cardiology, endocrinology, ophthalmology, and general practitioners. IT will also be of interest to public health practitioners, researchers, graduate students, and biotech companies interested in developing retinal image-based diagnostic and prognostic tools.
Diabetes mellitus is a complex, multifactorial disease that is often associated with progressive retinopathy and visual loss. In this book, Drs. Scott, Flynn, and Smiddy have compiled the current basic science and clinical information from leading authorities on diabetic eye disease. They have also included the results of clinical trials in patients with diabetic retinopathy, as well as the guidelines established by collaborative studies and the concepts of disease mechanisms and clinical management that have subsequently evolved from those guidelines. This monograph will provide practitioners with a concise, up-to-date, practical reference for the diagnosis and management of ocular disease in diabetic patients.
The incidence of diabetes is increasing worldwide at an alarming rate, and diabetic retinopathy is one of the most significant complications of diabetes. Packed with outstanding retinal photos, the second edition of this one-stop clinical manual offers a comprehensive overview of the diagnosis, treatment and long–term management of patients with diabetic eye disease. Edited and authored by world-renowned experts from leading centres of excellence, A Practical Manual of Diabetic Retinopathy Management presents evidence-based guidance relevant for a global audience of health-care professionals, including diabetologists, ophthalmologists, retinal screeners, optometrists, ophthalmic nurses, GPs, and medical students.