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The use of scientific computing tools is currently customary for solving problems at several complexity levels in Applied Sciences. The great need for reliable software in the scientific community conveys a continuous stimulus to develop new and better performing numerical methods that are able to grasp the particular features of the problem at hand. This has been the case for many different settings of numerical analysis, and this Special Issue aims at covering some important developments in various areas of application.
Because the theory of equations with delay terms occurs in a variety of contexts, it is important to provide a framework, whenever possible, to handle as many cases as possible simultaneously so as to bring out a better insight and understanding of the subtle differences of the various equations with delays. Furthermore, such a unified theory would avoid duplication and expose open questions that are significant for future research. It is in this spirit that the authors view the importance of their monograph, which presents a systematic and unified theory of recent developments of equations with unbounded delay, describes the current state of the theory showing the essential unity achieved, and provides a general structure applicable to a variety of problems. It is the first book that: (i) presents a unified framework to investigate the basic existence theory for a variety of equations with delay; (ii) treats the classification of equations with memory precisely so as to bring out the subtle differences between them; (iii) develops a systematic study of stability theory in terms of two different measures which includes several known concepts; and (iv) exhibits the advantages of employing Lyapunov functions on product spaces as well as the method of perturbing Lyapunov functions. This book will be of value to researchers and advanced graduate students in mathematics, electrical engineering and biomathematics.
The present book contains three articles: "Systems of Linear Differential Equations," by V. P. Palamodov; "Fredholm Operators and Their Generalizations," by S. N. Krachkovskii and A. S. Di kanskii; and "Representations of Groups and Algebras in Spaces with an Indefinite Metric" by M. A. Naimark and R. S. Ismagilov. In the fi.rst article the accent is on those characteristics of systems of differential equations which distinguish the systems from the scalar case. Considerable space is devoted in particular to "nonquadratic systems," a topic that has very recently stimulated interest. The second article is devoted to the algebraic aspects of the theory of operators (determinant theory in particular) in Banach and linear topological spaces. The third article reflects the present state of the art in the given area of the theory of representations, which has been re ceiving considerable attention in connection with its applications in physics (particularly in quantum field theory) and in the theory of differential equations.
System Dynamics is a component of Encyclopedia of Technology, Information, and Systems Management Resources in the global Encyclopedia of Life Support Systems (EOLSS), which is an integrated compendium of twenty one Encyclopedias. The world is facing a wide range of increasingly complex, dynamic problems in the public and private arenas alike. System dynamics discipline is an attempt to address such dynamic, long-term policy problems. Applications cover a very wide spectrum, including national economic problems, supply chains, project management, educational problems, energy systems, sustainable development, politics, psychology, medical sciences, health care, and many other areas. This theme provides a comprehensive overview of system dynamics methodology, including its conceptual / philosophical framework, as well as the technical aspects of modeling and analysis. System dynamics can address the fundamental structural causes of the long-term dynamic contemporary socio-economic problems. Its "systems" perspective challenges the barriers that separate disciplines. The interdisciplinary and systemic approach of system dynamics could be critical in dealing with the increasingly complex problems of our modern world in this new century. These two volumes are aimed at the following five major target audiences: University and College students Educators, Professional practitioners, Research personnel and Policy analysts, managers, and decision makers and NGOs.
This volume is concerned with the control and dynamics of time delay systems; a research field with at least six-decade long history that has been very active especially in the past two decades. In parallel to the new challenges emerging from engineering, physics, mathematics, and economics, the volume covers several new directions including topology induced stability, large-scale interconnected systems, roles of networks in stability, and new trends in predictor-based control and consensus dynamics. The associated applications/problems are described by highly complex models, and require solving inverse problems as well as the development of new theories, mathematical tools, numerically-tractable algorithms for real-time control. The volume, which is targeted to present these developments in this rapidly evolving field, captures a careful selection of the most recent papers contributed by experts and collected under five parts: (i) Methodology: From Retarded to Neutral Continuous Delay Models, (ii) Systems, Signals and Applications, (iii): Numerical Methods, (iv) Predictor-based Control and Compensation, and (v) Networked Control Systems and Multi-agent Systems.
Time-delays are fundamental to understand phenomena in control applications as networked systems, traffic management, control of vibrations, and supply chains. The need for a performance and reliability on these systems has to overcome challenges related to the constraints in the controlled systems. These constraints can be physical, such as input magnitude saturation on actuators, or technological, such as the limited bandwidth in a networked system or the fixed structure in a control architecture, where only a few parameters can be set. This volume provides a wide-ranging collection of methods for the analysis and design of control laws for delay systems with constraints. These methods cover fundamental analytical aspects as, for instance, the stability analysis of Positive Delay systems or the achievable performance of PID controls for delay systems. The book gives valuable material for researchers and graduate students in Automatic Control.
Many problems of the engineering sciences, physics, and mathematics lead to con volution equations and their various modifications. Convolution equations on a half-line can be studied by having recourse to the methods and results of the theory of Toeplitz and Wiener-Hopf operators. Convolutions by integrable kernels have continuous symbols and the Cauchy singular integral operator is the most prominent example of a convolution operator with a piecewise continuous symbol. The Fredholm theory of Toeplitz and Wiener-Hopf operators with continuous and piecewise continuous (matrix) symbols is well presented in a series of classical and recent monographs. Symbols beyond piecewise continuous symbols have discontinuities of oscillating type. Such symbols emerge very naturally. For example, difference operators are nothing but convolution operators with almost periodic symbols: the operator defined by (A
Method of Variation of Parameters for Dynamic Systems presents a systematic and unified theory of the development of the theory of the method of variation of parameters, its unification with Lyapunov's method and typical applications of these methods. No other attempt has been made to bring all the available literature into one volume. This book is a clear exposition of this important topic in control theory, which is not covered by any other text. Such an exposition finally enables the comparison and contrast of the theory and the applications, thus facilitating further development in this fascinating field.