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During a NATO Advanced Study Institute in Izmir, Tur key, July 1973 on Modern Developments in Engineering Seis mology and Earthquake Engineering it emerged that a debate on Continuum Mechanics Aspects of Geodynamics and Rock Fracture Mechanics would be very welcome. Therefore, it was decided to seek NATO sponsorship for an Advanced Study In stitute on this subject. The purpose of the new Advanced Study Institute was to provide a link between mechanics of continuum media and geo dynamic s. By bringing together a group of leading scientists from the above two fields and participants actively engaged in research and applications in the same fields, it was believed that fruitful discussions could emerge to facilitate an exchange of knowledge, experience and newly-conceived ideas. The Institute aimed primarily at the solution of such problems as connected with the study of stress and strain con ditions in the Earth, generic causes of earthquakes, energy release and focal mechanism and seismic wave propagation in troducing modern methods of continuum and rock fracture mechanics. Secondly to inspire scientists working in continuum mechanics to open new avenues of research connected with the above problems, and seismologists to adapt modern, advanced methods of continuum and rock fracture mechanics to their work.
During a NATO Advanced Study Institute in Izmir, Tur key, July 1973 on Modern Developments in Engineering Seis mology and Earthquake Engineering it emerged that a debate on Continuum Mechanics Aspects of Geodynamics and Rock Fracture Mechanics would be very welcome. Therefore, it was decided to seek NATO sponsorship for an Advanced Study In stitute on this subject. The purpose of the new Advanced Study Institute was to provide a link between mechanics of continuum media and geo dynamic s. By bringing together a group of leading scientists from the above two fields and participants actively engaged in research and applications in the same fields, it was believed that fruitful discussions could emerge to facilitate an exchange of knowledge, experience and newly-conceived ideas. The Institute aimed primarily at the solution of such problems as connected with the study of stress and strain con ditions in the Earth, generic causes of earthquakes, energy release and focal mechanism and seismic wave propagation in troducing modern methods of continuum and rock fracture mechanics. Secondly to inspire scientists working in continuum mechanics to open new avenues of research connected with the above problems, and seismologists to adapt modern, advanced methods of continuum and rock fracture mechanics to their work.
This book offers a comprehensive and timely report of size-dependent continuum mechanics approaches. Written by scientists with worldwide reputation and established expertise, it covers the most recent findings, advanced theoretical developments and computational techniques, as well as a range of applications, in the field of nonlocal continuum mechanics. Chapters are concerned with lattice-based nonlocal models, Eringen’s nonlocal models, gradient theories of elasticity, strain- and stress-driven nonlocal models, and peridynamic theory, among other topics. This book provides researchers and practitioners with extensive and specialized information on cutting-edge theories and methods, innovative solutions to current problems and a timely insight into the behavior of some advanced materials and structures. It also offers a useful reference guide to senior undergraduate and graduate students in mechanical engineering, materials science, and applied physics.
This dictionary offers clear and reliable explanations of over 100 keywords covering the entire field of non-classical continuum mechanics and generalized mechanics, including the theory of elasticity, heat conduction, thermodynamic and electromagnetic continua, as well as applied mathematics. Every entry includes the historical background and the underlying theory, basic equations and typical applications. The reference list for each entry provides a link to the original articles and the most important in-depth theoretical works. Last but not least, ever y entry is followed by a cross-reference to other related subject entries in the dictionary.
Mechanics of Advanced Functional Materials emphasizes the coupling effect between the electric and mechanical field in the piezoelectric, ferroelectric and other functional materials. It also discusses the size effect on the ferroelectric domain instability and phase transition behaviors using the continuum micro-structural evolution models. Functional materials usually have a very wide application in engineering due to their unique thermal, electric, magnetic, optoelectronic, etc., functions. Almost all the applications demand that the material should have reasonable stiffness, strength, fracture toughness and the other mechanical properties. Furthermore, usually the stress and strain fields on the functional materials and devices have some important coupling effect on the functionality of the materials. Much progress has been made concerning the coupling electric and mechanical behaviors such as the coupled electric and stress field distribution in piezoelectric solids, ferroelectric domain patterns in ferroelectrics, fracture and failure properties under coupled electric and stress field, etc. The book is intended for researchers and postgraduate students in the fields of mechanics, materials sciences and applied physics who are interested to work on the interdisciplinary mathematical modeling of the functional materials. Prof. Biao Wang is the Dean of School of Physics and Engineering of the Sun Yat-sen University, China.
R.S. Rivlin is one of the principal architects of nonlinear continuum mechanics: His work on the mechanics of rubber (in the 1940s and 50s) established the basis of finite elasticity theory. These volumes make most of his scientific papers available again and show the full scope and significance of his contributions.
A group of distinguished scientists contributes to the foundations of a new discipline in Earth sciences: earthquake thermodynamics and thermodynamics of formation of the Earth's interior structures. The predictive powers of thermodynamics are so great that those aspiring to model earthquake and the Earth's interior will certainly wish to be able to use the theory. Thermodynamics is our only method of understanding and predicting the behavior of many environmental, atmospheric, and geological processes. The need for Earth scientists to develop a functional knowledge of thermodynamic concepts and methodology is therefore urgent. Sources of an entropy increase the dissipative and self-organizing systems driving the evolution and dynamics of the Universe and Earth through irreversible processes. The non-linear interactions lead to the formation of fractal structures. From the structural phase transformations the important interior boundaries emerge.Non-linear interactions between the defects in solids lead the authors to develop the physics of continua with a dense distribution of defects. Disclinations and dislocations interact during a slow evolution as well as during rapid dynamic events, like earthquakes. Splitting the dynamic processes into the 2D fault done and 3D surrounding space brings a new tool for describing the slip nucleation and propagation along the earthquake faults. Seismic efficiency, rupture velocity, and complexity of seismic source zone are considered from different points of view, fracture band earthquake model is developed on the basis of thermodynamics of line defects, like dislocations. Earthquake thermodynamics offers us a microscopic model of earthquake sources.Physics of defects helps the authors decscribe and explain a number of precursory phenomena caused by the buildup of stresses. Anomalies in electric polarization and electromagnetic radiation prior to earthquakes are considered from this point of view. Through the thermodynamic approach, the authors arrive at the fascinating question of posssibility of earthquake prediction. In general, the Earth is considered here as a multicomponent system. Transport phenomena as well as wave propagation and shock waves are considered in this system subjected also to chemical and phase transformations.