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The author examines the implications of demutualization of financial exchanges for their roles as self-regulatory organizations. Many regulators and exchanges believe that conflicts of interest increase when exchanges convert to for-profit businesses. Demutualization also changes the nature of an exchange's regulatory role as broker-dealers' ownership interests are reduced. These factors are leading to reduced regulatory roles for exchanges in many jurisdictions. The resulting changes have significant implications for regulation of financial markets, especially as exchanges are the only self-regulating organizations (SROs) in most countries. Major changes in the role of exchanges require a rethinking of the allocation of regulatory functions and the role of self-regulation, as well as stronger mechanisms to mitigate conflicts of interest. Carson looks at the views of both exchanges and regulators on these issues in Asian, European, and North American jurisdictions where major exchanges have converted to for-profit businesses. He finds that views on the conflicts of interest faced by demutualized exchanges vary widely. In addition, the tools and processes used by exchanges and regulators to manage conflicts also differ significantly across jurisdictions. The author concludes that new and greater conflicts result from demutualization and canvasses the regulatory responses in the jurisdictions examined.
Carson examines the implications of demutualization of financial exchanges for their roles as self-regulatory organizations. Many regulators and exchanges believe that conflicts of interest increase when exchanges convert to for-profit businesses. Demutualization also changes the nature of an exchange's regulatory role as broker-dealers' ownership interests are reduced. These factors are leading to reduced regulatory roles for exchanges in many jurisdictions. The resulting changes have significant implications for regulation of financial markets, especially as exchanges are the only self-regulating organizations (SROs) in most countries. Major changes in the role of exchanges require a rethinking of the allocation of regulatory functions and the role of self-regulation, as well as stronger mechanisms to mitigate conflicts of interest.Carson looks at the views of both exchanges and regulators on these issues in Asian, European, and North American jurisdictions where major exchanges have converted to for-profit businesses. He finds that views on the conflicts of interest faced by demutualized exchanges vary widely. In addition, the tools and processes used by exchanges and regulators to manage conflicts also differ significantly across jurisdictions. The author concludes that new and greater conflicts result from demutualization and canvasses the regulatory responses in the jurisdictions examined.This paper - a product of the Financial Sector Operations and Policy Department - is part of a larger effort in the department to study the development of securities markets in emerging markets.
Conflicts of Interest in Self-Regulation and Self-Regulatory Organizations (SROs) (US Commodity Futures Trading Commission Regulation) (CFTC) (2018 Edition) The Law Library presents the complete text of the Conflicts of Interest in Self-Regulation and Self-Regulatory Organizations (SROs) (US Commodity Futures Trading Commission Regulation) (CFTC) (2018 Edition). Updated as of May 29, 2018 This book contains: - The complete text of the Conflicts of Interest in Self-Regulation and Self-Regulatory Organizations (SROs) (US Commodity Futures Trading Commission Regulation) (CFTC) (2018 Edition) - A table of contents with the page number of each section
Conflicts of Interest in Self-Regulation and Self-Regulatory Organizations (US Commodity Futures Trading Commission Regulation) (CFTC) (2018 Edition) The Law Library presents the complete text of the Conflicts of Interest in Self-Regulation and Self-Regulatory Organizations (US Commodity Futures Trading Commission Regulation) (CFTC) (2018 Edition). Updated as of May 29, 2018 The Commission hereby adopts its final definition of "public director" for the acceptable practices to Section 5(d)(15) ("Core Principle 15") of the Commodity Exchange Act ("CEA" or "Act"). (1) In addition, the Commission is lifting the stay it had previously placed on these acceptable practices. All designated contract markets ("DCMs") must demonstrate full compliance with Core Principle 15, via the acceptable practices or otherwise, within one year of this document's publication in the Federal Register. The acceptable practices and their procedural history are summarized below, as is the final definition of public director. This book contains: - The complete text of the Conflicts of Interest in Self-Regulation and Self-Regulatory Organizations (US Commodity Futures Trading Commission Regulation) (CFTC) (2018 Edition) - A table of contents with the page number of each section
Collaborations of physicians and researchers with industry can provide valuable benefits to society, particularly in the translation of basic scientific discoveries to new therapies and products. Recent reports and news stories have, however, documented disturbing examples of relationships and practices that put at risk the integrity of medical research, the objectivity of professional education, the quality of patient care, the soundness of clinical practice guidelines, and the public's trust in medicine. Conflict of Interest in Medical Research, Education, and Practice provides a comprehensive look at conflict of interest in medicine. It offers principles to inform the design of policies to identify, limit, and manage conflicts of interest without damaging constructive collaboration with industry. It calls for both short-term actions and long-term commitments by institutions and individuals, including leaders of academic medical centers, professional societies, patient advocacy groups, government agencies, and drug, device, and pharmaceutical companies. Failure of the medical community to take convincing action on conflicts of interest invites additional legislative or regulatory measures that may be overly broad or unduly burdensome. Conflict of Interest in Medical Research, Education, and Practice makes several recommendations for strengthening conflict of interest policies and curbing relationships that create risks with little benefit. The book will serve as an invaluable resource for individuals and organizations committed to high ethical standards in all realms of medicine.
This title examines in a practical manner the complex law and regulations that now exist in the United Kingdom, the United States of America and various other important jurisdictions concerning the concept of conflicts of interest and how the principles have been applied in the financial services industry
In this book, Marc Rodwin examines the development of conflicts of interest in the health care systems of the US, France, and Japan. He shows that national differences in the organization of medical practice and the interplay of organized medicine, the market, and the state give rise to variations in the type and prevalence of such conflicts, and then analyzes the strategies that each nation employs to cope with them. Drawing on the experiences of these three nations, Conflicts of Interest and the Future of Medicine demonstrates that we can mitigate these problems with carefully planned reform and regulation.
Demutualization is the transformation of a securities exchange governance structure from a mutual association of stockbrokers operating as not-for profit entity into a for-profit company accountable to its shareholders. It has become a widespread phenomenon – one with increasing appeal in developed markets. It challenges the traditional approach to regulation of securities exchanges and raises issues regarding their role in capital markets regulation. In spite of its popularity as a strategy for catalysing securities exchange development in emerging economies, its pace in Africa has been excruciatingly very slow. African securities exchanges therefore remain underdeveloped compared to their peers in other emerging markets. So, how can African securities exchanges facing the challenge of integration and better technical and institutional development address the problem of underdevelopment through demutualization? This book explains how demutualization can enable greater and swifter securities market development in Africa; the role government regulators should play in demutualization of exchanges in African countries; the right self-regulatory model applicable to African exchanges; effective management of conflicts of interest and other barriers to separation of ownership from management and trading rights; types of investments needed to enhance the effectiveness of African’s capital market; and how securities exchange demutualization can facilitate African countries destiny to become leading capital markets globally.