Download Free Comprehensive Hist Of The Iron Book in PDF and EPUB Free Download. You can read online Comprehensive Hist Of The Iron and write the review.

Reprint of the esteemed book originally published by Newsweek Books in 1981. Annotation copyright by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR
Have you read everything George R.R. Martin has every written? Do you know what in Game of Thrones is based in real history? A young pretender raises an army to take the throne. Learning of his father’s death, the adolescent, dashing and charismatic and descended from the old kings of the North, vows to avenge him. He is supported in this war by his mother, who has spirited away her two younger sons to safety. Against them is the queen, passionate, proud, and strong-willed and with more of the masculine virtues of the time than most men. She too is battling for the inheritance of her young son, not yet fully grown but already a sadist who takes delight in watching executions. Sound familiar? It may read like the plot of Game of Thrones. Yet that was also the story of the bloodiest battle in British history, fought at the culmination of the War of the Roses. George RR Martin’s bestselling novels are rife with allusions, inspirations, and flat-out copies of real-life people, events, and places of medieval and Tudor England and Europe. The Red Wedding? Based on actual events in Scottish history. The poisoning of Joffrey Baratheon? Eerily similar to the death of William the Conqueror’s grandson. The Dothraki? Also known as Huns, Magyars, Turks, and Mongols. Join Ed West, as he explores all of Martin’s influences, from religion to war to powerful women. Discover the real history behind the phenomenon and see for yourself that truth is stranger than fiction.
This historic book may have numerous typos and missing text. Purchasers can usually download a free scanned copy of the original book (without typos) from the publisher. Not indexed. Not illustrated. 1854 edition. Excerpt: ... a cubic metre, or a little belter than a cubic yard. o able as it was before that period. One of the witnesses, an extensive iron-master of Champagne, says: --" We made some profit when we sold at 450f. (the 1040 kilogrammes), and we are now losers in selling at 500f.; the cause of which is, that, in 1819, the banne, of charcoal cost 18f. 3c, while it now costs 37f. 50c." The proprietors of wood (the landowners) received the profits. In 1818 the manufacture of bar-iron amounted to 800,000 quintals, that of cast-iron to 1,400,000 quintals--all smelted with charcoal. The increased price of wood having led to the use of cheaper fuel, a vast number of the forges established by the new comers were erected on the English plan. We find that of 1,521,881 quintals, forged in 1828, 476,116, or nearly one-third, were made with coal. The difference in the cost of production is surprising. One of the witnesses says, that to produce 1040 kilogrammes, of ordinary iron smelted with charcoal, he is obliged to use five bannes and a quarter of charcoal, which, at 41f. 50c. per banne, amounts to 207f. 50c, whilst, to produce 1000 kilogrammes with coke, he has only to employ 1700 kilogrammes of coal, at 49f. 50c per 1000 kilogrammes, which amount only to 84f. 15c. The proportion of the cost of coal to charcoal is nearly as nine to twenty. The difference in the expense of labour and carriage is not less striking. M. Pasquier says that labour and carriage form at least, on the average, 43 per cent, of the prix de revient of the wood-made iron, whilst in that of the coke-made iron they do not reach higher than 29 per cent. The reporter avers that "the average price of iron smelted with charcoal is 49f. 12c, and the average price smelted with coal...
By mastering founding, fining, puddling, or bloom smelting, ironworkers gained a degree of control over their lives not easily attained by others.
Veins of iron run deep in the history of America. Iron making began almost as soon as European settlement, with the establishment of the first ironworks in colonial Massachusetts. Yet it was Great Britain that became the Atlantic world’s dominant low-cost, high-volume producer of iron, a position it retained throughout the nineteenth century. It was not until after the Civil War that American iron producers began to match the scale and efficiency of the British iron industry. In Mastering Iron, Anne Kelly Knowles argues that the prolonged development of the US iron industry was largely due to geographical problems the British did not face. Pairing exhaustive manuscript research with analysis of a detailed geospatial database that she built of the industry, Knowles reconstructs the American iron industry in unprecedented depth, from locating hundreds of iron companies in their social and environmental contexts to explaining workplace culture and social relations between workers and managers. She demonstrates how ironworks in Alabama, Maryland, Pennsylvania, and Virginia struggled to replicate British technologies but, in the attempt, brought about changes in the American industry that set the stage for the subsequent age of steel. Richly illustrated with dozens of original maps and period art work, all in full color, Mastering Iron sheds new light on American ambitions and highlights the challenges a young nation faced as it grappled with its geographic conditions.
Explores the history of the chemical element iron and explains its chemistry and its importance in our lives.