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30% discount for members of The Mineralogical Society of Britain and Ireland This text summarises the state-of-the-art in the study of mineral surfaces and some of the key applications of surface science in mineralogy and mineral chemistry. Each chapter covers a particular aspect of the subject and is written by an expert who raises the key issues involved for those requiring an introduction to the subject, whilst highlighting most recent developments. Advanced undergraduates, postgraduates and researchers alike will find this essential reading as it is the first book to review the fast developing field of mineral surfaces.
Two distinct systems of surface reactions involving complex organic molecules were studied on single crystal metal surfaces by Scanning Tunneling Microscopy (STM), Low Energy Electron Diffraction (LEED) and X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) under ultra high vacuum conditions. The first system focused on the Pt-cinchona alkaloid system, which is a powerful catalytic system in the field of enantioselective heterogeneous catalysis. Herein, an achiral reactant molecule is hydrogenated over a cinchona alkaloid modified platinum surface. The aim of the STM study was to gain direct insight in the molecular processes which occur during adsorption of modifiers and reactants involved. Therefore, the adsorption of cinchonidine (CD), cinchonine (CN) and 2,2,2-trifluoroacetophenone (TFAP) was investigated on both Pt(111) and Pd(111) single crystal surfaces. Different adsorption modes could be identified and a change in adsorption geometry upon addition of hydrogen could be followed. Our work showed, that the discrimination of different surface species by their mobility and the time-resolved observation of their surface chemical processes by STM provides a powerful tool for the investigation of complex catalyst systems. Such studies complement other surface analytical methods and quantum chemical calculations and help to gain insight into the mechanistic aspects. The second system is an example of how surface reactions can be used to efficiently self-assemble large complex structures. For this purpose a perylene derivative, 4,9-diaminoperylene-quinone-3,10-diimine (DPDI), was deposited on a Cu(111) single crystal surface and investigated by STM. These highly mobile precursor molecules are then transformed via a thermally induced surface-assisted dehydrogenation reaction by annealing in-situ at 300 °C. The resulting molecules form autocomplementary species of hydrogen-bond donor and acceptors and thereby can interact with each other via H-bonding. Due to strong so-called resonance-assisted hydrogen-bondings (RAHB) and an exact register with the Cu surface a highly robust and porous hexagonal network structure is formed. This structure is well-suited for the incorporation or trapping of guest molecules. By trapping and manipulation of C60 and octaethylporphyrin (OEP) molecules inside this network it was possible to built exemplary nanosized supramolecular “ball-bearings” and “rotor-stator” systems.
Within nanoscience, an emerging discipline is the study of the physics and chemistry of single molecules. Molecules may be considered as the ultimate building blocks, and are therefore interesting for the development of molecular devices and for surface functionalization. Thus, it is interesting to study their properties when adsorbed on a suitable substrate such as a solid or crystal surface, and also for their potential applications in nano- or molecular-electronics and nanosensing. Investigations have been made possible by the advent of high resolution surface imaging and characterization techniques, commonly referred to as Scanning Probe Microscopes.This book focuses on the fascinating properties of the single molecules, and the difference between single molecules and ensembles of molecules is emphasized. As the first book intended for graduate courses in the field, after each chapter, students should be able to answer the question: “What physical or chemical properties do you learn from a single molecule in this particular context?” Contributed by experts across the disciplines, the book provides useful reference material for specialized practitioners in surface science, nanoscience and nanoelectronics.
Manuela Mura's thesis is devoted to ab initio studies of self-assembled organic molecules on a gold surface. This area of research is particularly vibrant because of the various applications such studies have in nanoscience and surface chemistry and physics. In this thesis Manuela Mura uses theory to suggest atomistic models for the observed assembled and she proposes an assembly mechanism. The methods and results developed as part of this work will be of wide interest to physicists and chemists working on the assemblies of organic molecules on crystal surfaces.
Inorganic and Organometallic Transition Metal Complexes with Biological Molecules and Living Cells provides a complete overview of this important research area that is perfect for both newcomers and expert researchers in the field. Through concise chapters written and edited by esteemed experts, this book brings together a comprehensive treatment of the area previously only available through scattered, lengthy review articles in the literature. Advanced topics of research are covered, with particular focus on recent advances in the biological applications of transition metal complexes, including inorganic medicine, enzyme inhibitors, antiparasital agents, and biological imaging reagents. - Geared toward researchers and students who seek an introductory overview of the field, as well as researchers working in advanced areas - Focuses on the interactions of inorganic and organometallic transition metal complexes with biological molecules and live cells - Foscuses on the fundamentals and their potential therapeutic and diagnostic applications - Covers recent biological applications of transition metal complexes, such as anticancer drugs, enzyme inhibitors, bioconjugation agents, chemical biology tools, and bioimaging reagents
This handbook delivers an up-to-date, comprehensive and authoritative coverage of the broad field of surface science, encompassing a range of important materials such metals, semiconductors, insulators, ultrathin films and supported nanoobjects. Over 100 experts from all branches of experiment and theory review in 39 chapters all major aspects of solid-state surfaces, from basic principles to applications, including the latest, ground-breaking research results. Beginning with the fundamental background of kinetics and thermodynamics at surfaces, the handbook leads the reader through the basics of crystallographic structures and electronic properties, to the advanced topics at the forefront of current research. These include but are not limited to novel applications in nanoelectronics, nanomechanical devices, plasmonics, carbon films, catalysis, and biology. The handbook is an ideal reference guide and instructional aid for a wide range of physicists, chemists, materials scientists and engineers active throughout academic and industrial research.
A comprehensive introduction to the fundamental aspects of surface chirality, covering both chemical and physical consequences Written by a leading expert in the field, Chirality at Solid Surfaces offers an introduction to the concept of chirality at surfaces, starting from the foundation of chirality in isolated molecules and bulk systems. Fundamental properties such as surface energy and surface stress are then linked to a universal systematization of surface structure and symmetry. The author includes key examples of surface chemistry and physics, such as the interplay between adsorbate and substrate chirality, amplification of chirality, chiral catalysis, and the influence of surface chirality upon optical and magnetic phenomena. The book also explores the chirality apparent in the electronic structure of graphene, topological insulators and half-metallic materials. This important reference: Provides an introduction to the fundamental concept of chirality Contains discussions of the chemical and physical consequences of surface chirality, including magnetic, electronic and optical properties in addition to molecular properties Offers an account of the most current research needed to support growth in the field Written for surface scientists, professionals in the field, academics, and students, Chirality at Solid Surfaces is an essential resource that contains an overview of the fundamentals of surface chirality and reviews both the chemical and physical consequences.
This work investigates the energy-level alignment of hybrid inorganic/organic systems (HIOS) comprising ZnO as the major inorganic semiconductor. In addition to offering essential insights, the thesis demonstrates HIOS energy-level alignment tuning within an unprecedented energy range. (Sub)monolayers of organic molecular donors and acceptors are introduced as an interlayer to modify HIOS interface-energy levels. By studying numerous HIOS with varying properties, the author derives generally valid systematic insights into the fundamental processes at work. In addition to molecular pinning levels, he identifies adsorption-induced band bending and gap-state density of states as playing a crucial role in the interlayer-modified energy-level alignment, thus laying the foundation for rationally controlling HIOS interface electronic properties. The thesis also presents quantitative descriptions of many aspects of the processes, opening the door for innovative HIOS interfaces and for future applications of ZnO in electronic devices.
This book presents the selection of various high level contributions involving thermodynamics. The book goes from the fundamentals up to several applications in different scientific fields. The content of the book has been classified in six sections: Classical Thermodynamics, Statistical Thermodynamics, Property Prediction in Thermodynamics, Material and Products, Non Equilibrium and Thermodynamics in Diverse Areas. The classification of the book aims to provide to the reader the facility of finding the desired topic included in the book. It is expected that this collection of chapters will contribute to the state of the art in the thermodynamics area.