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Energy has become a central concern of many strands of geographical inquiry, from global climate change to the effects of energy decisions on our lives. However, many aspects of the ‘black box’ of relationships at the energy-society interface remain unopened, especially in terms of the spatial underpinnings of energy production and consumption within nations, cities and regions. Debates focusing on the location and nature of energy flows frequently fail to consider the multiple geographical networks that illustrate and explain the distribution of fuels and services around the world. Providing an integrated perspective on the complex interdependencies between energy and geography, The Routledge Research Companion to Energy Geographies offers a timely conceptual framework to study the multiple facets of energy geography, including security, space and place, planning, environmental science, economics and political science. Illustrating how a geographic approach towards energy can aid decision-making pathways in the domains of social justice and environment, this book provides insights that will help move the international community toward greater cooperation, stability, and sustainability.
Tim Williams' Circuit Designer's Companion provides a unique masterclass in practical electronic design that draws on his considerable experience as a consultant and design engineer. As well as introducing key areas of design with insider's knowledge, Tim focuses on the art of designing circuits so that every production model will perform its specified function – and no other unwanted function - reliably over its lifetime. The combination of design alchemy and awareness of commercial and manufacturing factors makes this an essential companion for the professional electronics designer. Topics covered include analog and digital circuits, component types, power supplies and printed circuit board design. The second edition includes new material on microcontrollers, surface mount processes, power semiconductors and interfaces, bringing this classic work up to date for a new generation of designers.· A unique masterclass in the design of optimized, reliable electronic circuits· Beyond the lab - a guide to electronic design for production, where cost-effective design is imperative · Tips and know-how provide a whole education for the novice, with something to offer the most seasoned professional
Understand the electricity market, its policies and how they drive prices, emissions, and security, with this comprehensive cross-disciplinary book. Author Chris Harris includes technical and quantitative arguments so you can confidently construct pricing models based on the various fluctuations that occur. Whether you?re a trader or an analyst, this book will enable you to make informed decisions about this volatile industry.
This profound challenge to some of the most fundamental orthodoxies of modern nuclear physics grew from its author's discovery that, for all its success and sophistication, atomic theory has failed to provide a coherant explanation for the everyday phenomenon of electricity. M.L. Coleman located the source of the problem in the assumption that there are two different atomic particles carrying electrical charges, the electron with a negative charge and a position with a positive charge. The author boldly argues that there is, in fact, only one such particle, carrying both charges. He christens this single particle the "Eptron" A largely self educated scientist, Mr. Coleman remains a proud heir to the classical tradition stemming from Newton and clearly demonstrates how nuclear theory has failed to make sense of the basic phenomena of electricity, magnetism, and gravity which puzzled and inspired early physicists. The author reached his revolutionary conclusions by combining his mastery of both classical and modern theory with, in his own words, "A little common sense." Of course, a great deal of arduous research, creative experiment, and complex methematical thought to confirm his arguments. With rigor and clarity, he shows not only that the hypothesis of the Eptron is more elegant and economical than that of the seperate electrons and positrons, but also that it makes both direct and alternating current explicable for the first time in terms of nuclear physics. "All I have done," he explains with disarming honesty, "Is explain how electricity works." Eptron theory involves a radical new understanding not just of electricity, but of light itself. Through collisions with oneanother, Eptrons are transformed into photons and then back into Eptrons by the process of expansion and contraction which the eye perceives as light. While the higher reaches of his mathematics are addressed to the scientific community, the book as a whole is designed for laymen as well, and they will learn an enormous amount along the way, not just about Eptrons, but also about the history of Physics. "Demystifying Electricity" throws down a gauntlet to modern science that it cannot afford to ignore and reclaims nuclear theory in the name of common sense. "If my work is made available to young chemists, physicists, and electrical engineers," the author asserts with justifiable pride," I believe they will study it and find it correct."
With twenty-two chapters written by leading international experts, this volume represents the most detailed and comprehensive Handbook on electricity markets ever published.
This book contains everything electricians need to know about working on site, covering not only the health and safety aspects of site work, but also the techniques and testing knowledge required from the modern-day electrician. Regulations issues are included alongside step-by-step instructions for each task, after which testing information, checklists and example forms are given so that site workers can ensure they have done everything required of them.
The history of the grid, the world's largest interconnected power machine that is North America's electricity infrastructure. The North American power grid has been called the world's largest machine. The grid connects nearly every living soul on the continent; Americans rely utterly on the miracle of electrification. In this book, Julie Cohn tells the history of the grid, from early linkages in the 1890s through the grid's maturity as a networked infrastructure in the 1980s. She focuses on the strategies and technologies used to control power on the grid—in fact made up of four major networks of interconnected power systems—paying particular attention to the work of engineers and system operators who handled the everyday operations. To do so, she consulted sources that range from the pages of historical trade journals to corporate archives to the papers of her father, Nathan Cohn, who worked in the industry from 1927 to 1989—roughly the period of key power control innovations across North America. Cohn investigates major challenges and major breakthroughs but also the hidden aspects of our electricity infrastructure, both technical and human. She describes the origins of the grid and the growth of interconnection; emerging control issues, including difficulties in matching generation and demand on linked systems; collaboration and competition against the backdrop of economic depression and government infrastructure investment; the effects of World War II on electrification; postwar plans for a coast-to-coast grid; the northeast blackout of 1965 and the East-West closure of 1967; and renewed efforts at achieving stability and reliability after those two events.
Bridges the knowledge gap between engineering and economics in a complex and evolving deregulated electricity industry, enabling readers to understand, operate, plan and design a modern power system With an accessible and progressive style written in straight-forward language, this book covers everything an engineer or economist needs to know to understand, operate within, plan and design an effective liberalized electricity industry, thus serving as both a useful teaching text and a valuable reference. The book focuses on principles and theory which are independent of any one market design. It outlines where the theory is not implemented in practice, perhaps due to other over-riding concerns. The book covers the basic modelling of electricity markets, including the impact of uncertainty (an integral part of generation investment decisions and transmission cost-benefit analysis). It draws out the parallels to the Nordpool market (an important point of reference for Europe). Written from the perspective of the policy-maker, the first part provides the introductory background knowledge required. This includes an understanding of basic economics concepts such as supply and demand, monopoly, market power and marginal cost. The second part of the book asks how a set of generation, load, and transmission resources should be efficiently operated, and the third part focuses on the generation investment decision. Part 4 addresses the question of the management of risk and Part 5 discusses the question of market power. Any power system must be operated at all times in a manner which can accommodate the next potential contingency. This demands responses by generators and loads on a very short timeframe. Part 6 of the book addresses the question of dispatch in the very short run, introducing the distinction between preventive and corrective actions and why preventive actions are sometimes required. The seventh part deals with pricing issues that arise under a regionally-priced market, such as the Australian NEM. This section introduces the notion of regions and interconnectors and how to formulate constraints for the correct pricing outcomes (the issue of "constraint orientation"). Part 8 addresses the fundamental and difficult issue of efficient transmission investment, and finally Part 9 covers issues that arise in the retail market. Bridges the gap between engineering and economics in electricity, covering both the economics and engineering knowledge needed to accurately understand, plan and develop the electricity market Comprehensive coverage of all the key topics in the economics of electricity markets Covers the latest research and policy issues as well as description of the fundamental concepts and principles that can be applied across all markets globally Numerous worked examples and end-of-chapter problems Companion website holding solutions to problems set out in the book, also the relevant simulation (GAMS) codes