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This book is based on the outcomes of a Turkish-Japanese bilateral project dealing with the impacts of climate change on basin agro-ecosystems. The book is unique in showing an up-to-date knowledge for the developing world. The chapters are related to: a) the development and improvement of a regional climate model for a more accurate prediction with higher resolution of future changes in regional climate, b) the structure of land and water management in agricultural production systems in arid areas, especially to quantitatively evaluate the relationships among cropping systems, hydrological cycle and water balance in farmland and its environments, c) the assessment of the impact of climate change and its adaptation on agricultural production systems, mainly on the aspect of land and water management, and d) the vulnerability of agricultural production systems from natural changes and the measures for enhancing sustainability of agriculture. This book elaborates on the methodologies for the assessment of climate change impacts on agricultural production and adaptationIn this book, the concepts and processes of an integrated approach are outlined, and its application in a case project is introducedThe approaches described in the chapters would be applicable in different situations and could be improved with experience and the introduction of advanced techniques
"Joint Publication with the American Society of Agronomy, Crop Science Society of America, and Soil Science Society of America."
This book illustrates the main results deriving from fourteen studies, dealing with the impact of climate change on different agricultural and natural ecosystems, carried out within the Impact of Climate change On agricultural and Natural Ecosystems (ICONE) project funded by the ALFA Programme of the European Commission. During this project, a common methodology on several Global Change-related matters was developed and shared among members of scientific communities coming from Latin America and Europe. In order to facilitate this interdisciplinary approach, specific mobility programmes, addressed to post-graduate, Master and PhD students, have been organized. The research, led by the research groups, was focused on the study of the impact of climate change on various environmental features (i.e. runoff in hydrological basins, soil erosion and moisture, forest canopy, sugarcane crop, land use, drought, precipitation, etc). Integrated and shared methodologies of atmospheric physics, remote sensing, eco-physiology and modelling have been applied.
Climate change is no longer merely projected to occur in the indeterminate future. It has already begun to be manifested in the weather regimes affecting agroecosystems, food production, and rural livelihoods in many regions around the world. It is a real and growing challenge to the world at large and in particular to the scientific community, which is called upon with increasing urgency to respond effectively.The second volume in the ICP Series on Climate Change Impacts, Adaptation, and Mitigation, Handbook of Climate Change and Agroecosystems: Global and Regional Aspects and Implications is published jointly by the American Society of Agronomy, Crop Science Society of America, and Soil Science Society of America and Imperial College Press. The ongoing series is dedicated to elucidating the actual and potential impacts of climate change, and to formulating effective responses to this global challenge. It is designed to inform, spur, and integrate the work of leading researchers in the major regions of the world, and to further international cooperation in this crucial field.
The portending process of climate change, induced by the anthropogenic accumulations of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, is likely to generate effects that will cascade through the biosphere, impacting all life on earth and bearing upon human endeavors. Of special concern is the potential effect on agriculture and global food security. Anticipating these effects demands that scientists widen their field of vision and cooperate across disciplines to encompass increasingly complex interactions. Trans-disciplinary cooperation should aim to generate effective responses to the portending changes, including actions to mitigate the emissions of greenhouse gases and to adapt to those climate changes that cannot be avoided. This handbook presents an exposition of current research on the impacts, adaptation, and mitigation of climate change in relation to agroecosystems. It is offered as the first volume in what is intended to be an ongoing series dedicated to elucidating the interactions of climate change with a broad range of sectors and systems, and to developing and spurring effective responses to this global challenge. As the collective scientific and practical knowledge of the processes and responses involved continues to grow, future volumes in the series will address important aspects of the topic periodically over the coming years.
The rural poor, who are the most vulnerable, are likely to be disproportionately affected.
This book on the climate change, natural resources, landscape and agricultural ecosystems describes the contributing challenges related to natural resources, soil erosion, irrigation planning, water, landscape, sustainable crop yield agriculture and biomass estimation. Natural resources and agricultural ecosystems include factors from nearby regions where landscape and agriculture practices (direct or indirect) interface with the water, vegetation, irrigation planning and ecology. Changes in climatic situations impact all the natural resources, ecology, and landscape of agricultural systems, which affects productivity. This book summarizes the various aspects of soil erosion, soil compaction, soil nutrients, aquifer and water with respect to vegetation, crops, pest and sustainable yields and management for the future. It also focuses on the use of precision techniques, remote sensing, GIS technologies, IOT and climate related technology for the sustainability of ecology, natural resources and agricultural areas, along with the capacity and flexibility of natural resources and agricultural societies under climate change. This book presents both theoretical and applied aspects and will help as a guide for future research. The contents will appeal to researchers, scientists, and NGOs working in climate change, environmental sciences, agriculture engineering, remote sensing, natural resources management, remote sensing, GIS, hydrologist, soil sciences, agricultural microbiology, plant pathology and agronomy.
Climate change and its impact on water resources in agriculture pose one of the biggest challenges for food, energy, fiber, and water security worldwide and, as a consequence, for society. This book presents a multidisciplinary approach towards climate change and water resources in agriculture and provides a comprehensive perspective about the core
Agriculture is one of the most climate-sensitive of all economic sectors. In many countries, such as the four examined in Looking Beyond the Horizon, the risks of climate change are an immediate and fundamental problem because the majority of the rural population depends either directly or indirectly on agriculture for its livelihood. The risks of climate change to agriculture cannot be eff ectively dealt with--and the opportunities cannot be eff ectively exploited--without a clear plan for aligning agricultural policies with climate change, developing the capabilities of key agricultural institutions, and investing in infrastructure, support services, and on-farm improvements. Developing such a plan ideally involves a combination of high-quality quantitative analysis; consultation with key stakeholders, particularly farmers and local agricultural experts; and investments in both human and physical capital. The diverse experiences of Albania, the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Moldova, and Uzbekistan, highlighted in this book, show that it is possible to develop a plan to meet these objectives--one that is comprehensive and empirically driven as well as consultative and quick to develop. The approach of this volume is predicated on strong country ownership and participation, and is defi ned by its emphasis on "win-win" or "no regrets" solutions to the multiple challenges posed by climate change for the farmers of Eastern Europe and Central Asia. The solutions are measures that increase resilience to future climate change, boost current productivity despite the greater climate variability already occurring, and limit greenhouse gas emissions--also known as "climate-smart agriculture." Looking Beyond the Horizon draws on the experiences of applying this approach to these four nations in Eastern Europe and Central Asia with the goal of helping each country mainstream climate change adaptation into its agricultural policies, programs, and investments. The book also highlights the projected impacts of climate change on agriculture in these countries through forecast variations in temperature and rainfall patterns, which are crucial to farming, and off ers a map for navigating the risks and realizing the opportunities. Finally, a detailed e xplanation of the approach, as well as lessons learned from its implementation, is provided for those who would like to implement similar programs in other countries of Europe, Central Asia, or anywhere else in the world.