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A self-contained and practical book providing step-by-step guidance to the design and construction of cleanrooms, appropriate testing methodologies, and operation for the minimization of contamination… This second edition has been comprehensively revised and includes extensive updates to the two chapters that contain information on cleanroom standards and guidelines. The chapter on risk management has been extensively revised, especially the section on risk assessment. Other new subjects that have been added to the various chapters are those on clean-build, determination of air supply volumes for non-unidirectional airflow cleanrooms, RABS (Restricted Access Barrier Systems), contamination recovery test methods, entry of large items into a cleanroom, glove allergy problems, and how to develop a cleanroom cleaning programme. Used for in-house training and a textbook in colleges, this volume is for cleanroom personnel at all levels. It provides novices with an introduction to the state-of-the-art technology and professionals with an accessible reference to the current practices. It is particularly useful in the semiconductor, pharmaceutical, biotechnology and life sciences industries. William Whyte is an international authority in cleanrooms, with over 45 years experience in research, teaching and consulting in the electronic, healthcare and pharmaceutical industries. He is a member of British and International standards committees writing the International Cleanroom standards, and has received numerous awards for his work in Cleanroom Technology. A comment on the first edition: "...extremely useful and helpful...very well-written, highly organized, easy to understand and follow..." (Environmental Geology, 2003)
A self-contained and practical book providing step-by-step guidance to the design and construction of cleanrooms, appropriate testing methodologies, and operation for the minimization of contamination... This second edition has been comprehensively revised and includes extensive updates to the two chapters that contain information on cleanroom standards and guidelines. The chapter on risk management has been extensively revised, especially the section on risk assessment. Other new subjects that have been added to the various chapters are those on clean-build, determination of air supply volumes for non-unidirectional airflow cleanrooms, RABS (Restricted Access Barrier Systems), contamination recovery test methods, entry of large items into a cleanroom, glove allergy problems, and how to develop a cleanroom cleaning programme. Used for in-house training and a textbook in colleges, this volume is for cleanroom personnel at all levels. It provides novices with an introduction to the state-of-the-art technology and professionals with an accessible reference to the current practices. It is particularly useful in the semiconductor, pharmaceutical, biotechnology and life sciences industries. William Whyte is an international authority in cleanrooms, with over 45 years experience in research, teaching and consulting in the electronic, healthcare and pharmaceutical industries. He is a member of British and International standards committees writing the International Cleanroom standards, and has received numerous awards for his work in Cleanroom Technology. A comment on the first edition: "...extremely useful and helpful...very well-written, highly organized, easy to understand and follow..." (Environmental Geology, 2003)
Contamination control is being used by more and more industries where the highest level of cleanliness and hygiene is of vital importance. This book covers the basic principles of contamination control and cleanroom technology from a holistic point of view. It deals with cleanliness and hygiene and their effects on the outcome of a process, reflecting the latest results from both scientific and practical points of view. The following topics are covered: contaminants and how they are measured cleanrooms and clean zones cleaning and decontamination cleanroom clothing the impact of people on cleanliness. Intended as an introduction to the area of contamination control, the text is also an excellent source of knowledge for people with both theoretical and practical experience. The Swedish version has been used for a long time within the Nordic countries as a basic training textbook within the pharmaceutical, microelectronics, food and beverage, optics and many other industries.
Cleanroom software engineering is a process for developing and certifying high-reliability software. Combining theory-based engineering technologies in project management, incremental development, software specification and design, correctness verification, and statistical quality certification, the Cleanroom process answers today's call for more reliable software and provides methods for more cost-effective software development. Cleanroom originated with Harlan D. Mills, an IBM Fellow and a visionary in software engineering. Written by colleagues of Mills and some of the most experienced developers and practitioners of Cleanroom, Cleanroom Software Engineering provides a roadmap for software management, development, and testing as disciplined engineering practices. This book serves both as an introduction for those new to Cleanroom and as a reference guide for the growing practitioner community. Readers will discover a proven way to raise both quality and productivity in their software-intensive products, while reducing costs. Highlights Explains basic Cleanroom theory Introduces the sequence-based specification method Elaborates the full management, development, and certification process in a Cleanroom Reference Model (CRM) Shows how the Cleanroom process dovetails with the SEI's Capability Maturity Model for Software (CMM) Includes a large case study to illustrate how Cleanroom methods scale up to large projects.
Regulatory agencies worldwide have issued directives or such requirements for air quality standards in embryology laboratories. This practical guide reviews the application of clean room technology or controlled environments specifically suited for Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART) Units. Its comprehensive coverage includes material on airborne particles and volatile organic compounds, including basic concepts, regulation, construction, materials, certification, clinical results in humans, and more.
12. The Production and Transmission of High Purity Gases for the Semiconductor Industry / R. Galbraith -- 13. Materials for Services Pipework / T. Hodgkiess.
Fundamentals of Air Cleaning Technology and Its Application in Cleanrooms sets up the theoretical framework for cleanrooms. New ideas and methods are presented, which include the characteristic index of cleanrooms, uniform and non-uniform distribution characteristics, the minimum sampling volume, a new concept of outdoor air conditioning and the fundamentals of leakage-preventing layers. Written by an author who can look back on major scientific achievements and 50 years of experience in this field, this book offers a concise and accessible introduction to the fundamentals of air cleaning technology and its application. The work is intended for researchers, college teachers, graduates, designers, technicians and corporate R&D personnel in the field of HVAC and air cleaning technology. Zhonglin Xu is a senior research fellow at China Academy of Building Research.
This accessible text is now fully revised and updated, providing an overview of fabrication technologies and materials needed to realize modern microdevices. It demonstrates how common microfabrication principles can be applied in different applications, to create devices ranging from nanometer probe tips to meter scale solar cells, and a host of microelectronic, mechanical, optical and fluidic devices in between. Latest developments in wafer engineering, patterning, thin films, surface preparation and bonding are covered. This second edition includes: expanded sections on MEMS and microfluidics related fabrication issues new chapters on polymer and glass microprocessing, as well as serial processing techniques 200 completely new and 200 modified figures more coverage of imprinting techniques, process integration and economics of microfabrication 300 homework exercises including conceptual thinking assignments, order of magnitude estimates, standard calculations, and device design and process analysis problems solutions to homework problems on the complementary website, as well as PDF slides of the figures and tables within the book With clear sections separating basic principles from more advanced material, this is a valuable textbook for senior undergraduate and beginning graduate students wanting to understand the fundamentals of microfabrication. The book also serves as a handy desk reference for practicing electrical engineers, materials scientists, chemists and physicists alike. www.wiley.com/go/Franssila_Micro2e
In writing this book, our goal was to produce a much needed teaching and reference text with a fresh approach to c1eanroom technology. The most obvious technological reason for bringing this book into being is that c1ean rooms have become vital to the manufacture and development of high technology products in both the commercial and military sectors, and there fore people have to develop an understanding of them. Examples of c1ean room applications include the manufacture of integrated circuits and other electronic components, preciSion mechanical assemblies, computer disks and drives, compact disks, optical components, medical implants and prostheses, pharmaceuticals and biochemicals, and so on. The book is written for anyone who is currently involved, or intends to become involved, with c1eanrooms. We intend it to be used by a wide range of professional groups including process engineers, production engineers, plant mechanical and electrical engineers, research engineers and scientists, managers, and so on. In addition, we believe it will be beneficial to those who design, build, service, and supply c1eanrooms, and may be used as a training aid for students who intend to pursue a career involving controlled environments and others such as c1eanroom operators and maintenance staff. We have attempted to steer clear of complex theory, which may be pursued in many other specialist texts, and keep the book as understandable and applicable as possible.