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Physiology of the Cladocera, Second Edition, is a much-needed summary of foundational information on these increasingly important model organisms. This unique and valuable review is based on the world's literature, including Russian research not previously widely available, and offers systematically arranged data on the physiology of Cladocera, assisting with explanation of their life and distribution. It features the addition of new sections and a vast amount of new information, such as the latest data on feeding, nutrition, pathological physiology, chemical composition, neurosecretion, and behavior, as well as hormonal regulation, antioxidants, and the biochemical background of effects of natural and anthropogenic factors. Additional expertly updated contributions in genetics and cytology, and a new chapter in embryology, round out the physiological chapters, and provide comprehensive insight into the state of knowledge of Cladocera and their underlying mechanisms. Cladocera crustaceans have become globally studied for many purposes, including genetic, molecular, ecological, environmental, water quality, systematics, and evolutionary biology research. Since the genome of Daphnia was sequenced and published, that system has gained much wider exposure, also leading to a rapidly growing awareness of the importance of understanding physiological processes as they relate to evolutionary and ecological genomics as well as ecogenomic toxicology. However, the physiological background on Cladocera has been fragmentary (including on the other 700 known species besides Daphnia), despite the extensive literature on species identification and morphology. This work addresses this issue by collecting and synthesizing from the literature the state of knowledge of cladoceran physiology, including discussion on both adequately and inadequately investigated fields, and thus directions of future research. - Summarizes fundamental information obtained in recent years, including on steroids, antioxidants, hormones, nanoparticles, and impact of wastewater of pharmaceutical industries - Provides the foundational information needed for scientists and practitioners from a variety of fields, including conservation and evolutionary biology, genomics, ecology, ecotoxicology, comparative physiology, limnology, zoology–carcinology, and water quality assessment - Features coverage of both Daphniids and representatives of other families, with attention drawn to little-studied aspects of their physiology, especially of those living in the litt oral zone - Includes guidance to the literature on cladoceran physiology in four languages - Discusses advantages and shortcomings of Cladocera as experimental animals and indicators of water quality
The Physiology of Cladocera is a much-needed summary of foundational information on these increasingly important model organisms. This unique and valuable summary is based on the world's literature, including Russian research not widely available until now. It offers systematically arranged data on the physiology of Cladocera, assisting with explanation of their life and distribution, as well as discussion on directions of future research. Special expert contributions in genetics, immunology, and cytology round out the physiological chapters and provide comprehensive insight into the state of knowledge of Cladocera and its underlying mechanisms. Cladocera crustaceans make up a significant part of the natural communities and biological productivity of fresh waters. In recent decades, they have become globally studied for many purposes, including systematics, genetic, molecular, ecological and evolutionary biology studies. They are also used as "sentinel" organisms for assessing water quality and the environment. In addition, the genome of Daphnia (a genus within Cladocera) was recently sequenced and published, giving this system a much wider exposure. It has also led to a rapidly growing awareness of the importance of understanding physiological processes as they relate to evolutionary and ecological genomics and ecogenomic toxicology. Despite the increasing use of Cladocera in research and study, physiological background information on these creatures is fragmentary. Hundreds of unconnected publications have been accumulated on their physiology, and a synthesis and general representation of the literature has been much needed for the many researchers working with this organism. The Physiology of Cladocera stands alone as a valuable and comprehensive offering in this area for many researchers and students. - Collects and synthesizes from the worldwide literature the state of knowledge of cladoceran physiology - Forward-looking perspective incorporates information from the emerging technological worlds of genomics, cytology, chemical communication, and immunology - Provides foundational information on Cladocera physiology for researchers in various fields, including conservation and evolutionary biology, genomics, ecology, ecotoxicology, and comparative physiology
Cladocerans are increasingly used in many fields of science and this volume covers a wide range of such topics. Cladocerans have a strong influence on freshwater ecosystems and in some aspects they can be used in biomanipulation projects. Their fast and easy asexual reproduction offers a wide range of possibilities for studies in many fields of research: genetics, ecology, ecotoxicology, etc. In some ways they are the Drosophila of the present day. Their global distribution makes them of special interest from a phylogenetic and biogeographic as well as an ecological point of view. Apart from the proceedings of previous symposia, there are no other books which cover the whole range of aspects. These proceedings update the last symposia as well as including completely new information on certain fields of research. Target groups are research scientists within ecology, systematic biology, evolutionary biology and population biology. The book could also be a useful source of information for special courses for students of the above mentioned topics.
The Third International Symposium on Cladocera, papers from which make up this volume, covered recent findings on the behaviour, life history, population genetics, reproduction, chemical communication, predator-prey interactions, epibionts, taxonomy, phylogeny, palaeolimnology and biogeography of this animal group. The Cladocera occupy an intermediate position in lake ecosystems, both as plankton and benthic organisms. Their often high abundance and their function, as transfer organisms from algae and dead organic matter to macro-invertebrates and fish, make them one of the most important organisms to affect the biological processes in freshwater ecosystems. The Cladocera living among the plankton often have recognizable distribution patterns and migrations; their size and brief life cycles make them popular in laboratory experiments; their cyclic parthenogenesis makes them suitable for many aspects of population genetics; and they are present as microfossils in lake sediments. All these features confer a unique status on the Cladocera as model organisms in many aspects of modern systematics and ecology.
Proceedings of the Second International Symposium on Cladocera, Tatranska Lomnicá, Czechoslovakia, September 13-20, 1989
There is a strong tendency now for specialists in various groups of organisms, or in various processes and their consequences, to get together at more or less regular intervals to discuss their subjects. This has hap pened e. g. with the Chironomidae, Ephemeroptera, and Plecoptera among the aquatic insects, and the Rotifera, Copepoda, and Ostracoda among the zooplankton. Finally the scientists working with the Cladocera, who have been isolated from one another for a long time except on a personal basis, have decided to do the same, largely through the initiative and drive of L. Forro. Thus, the First International Symposium on Cladocera was held in Budapest on 12-16 August 1985. Most of the roughly 60 attendees were from Euro pean countries, although a fair number came from Australia, Canada, India, Nigeria, and the United States. The accompanying table presents a list of attendees by country of origin. Regrettably, a number of persons who had expressed interest in coming were unable to do so. Their names and, in two instances countries, enclosed in brackets, are given to indicate the overall extent of topics that would have been discussed. Persons who presented papers or posters are indicated by an asterisk (*). The names of persons who chaired sessions are printed in italics. A total of 34 papers and 10 posters was presented, most of which are included in this volume.
This work provides a user-friendly, species level taxonomic key based on morphology, current nomenclature, and modern taxonomy using molecular tools which fulfill the most pressing needs of both researchers and environmental managers. This key arms the reader with the tools necessary to improve their species identification abilities. This book resolves another issue as well: the mix of female and male characters used in keys to the calanoid copepods. Often, during the identification process, both calanoid copepod sexes are not available, and the user of such a key is stuck with an uncertain identification. Here, separate male and female keys to the calanoid copepods are provided for both the genera and species levels.
Biodiversity is declining at an alarming rate due to anthropogenic activities around the world. This book is the second volume in the new series Biodiversity Hotspots of the World, which highlights the 36 hotspot regions of the world, regions that have been designated as reaping maximum benefit from preservation efforts. This series is our humble attempt to document these hotspots as a conservation and preservation measure. The concise volumes in this series focus on the most interesting and important properties of these hotspots, covering physiography and climatology; vegetation and forest types; amphibian and reptile biodiversity; genetic diversity of crops, plants, fishes, butterflies, insects, birds, mammals, angiosperms, and gymnosperms; and much more. And of course, the unique threats and conservation efforts for the areas are addressed as well. The Himalayan Mountains are the highest mountain range in the world and include Mount Everest as well as eight other highest peaks of the world. While it is difficult to document the biodiversity of this inhospitable terrain, we do know that out of the 9,000 different species of plants recorded in the area, 3,500 plants are endemic to the Eastern Himalaya region. Anthropogenic activities including deforestation, fragmentation of habitats, pollution, high population, climate change, and poaching of wildlife pose serious threats to the biodiversity of the region. The highlands have exceptionally rich biodiversity, high endemism, and over 160 globally threatened species, including the densest population of Bengal tigers and the three largest herbivores on the continent: the Asian elephant, greater one-horned rhinoceros, and wild water buffalo. The region boasts the world’s richest counts of alpine flora within its temperate broad-leaved forests, with a total of 10,000 species of plants. This volume, Biodiversity Hotspot of the Himalayas, as well as the other volumes in this series, will be essential resources for researchers and practitioners in the fields of conservation biology, ecology, and evolution as the series concisely records the existing biodiversity of these hotspots of the world.