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Europe was forged out of the ashes of the Napoleonic wars by means of a collective fight against revolutionary terror. The Allied Council created a culture of in- and exclusion, of people that were persecuted and those who were protected, using secret police, black lists, border controls and fortifications, and financed by European capital holders.
Covering the period from the fall of the Roman Empire through to the beginnings of the Renaissance, this is an indispensable volume which brings the complex and colourful history of the Middle Ages to life. Key features: * geographical coverage extends to the broadest definition of Europe from the Atlantic coast to the Russian steppes * each map approaches a separate issue or series of events in Medieval history, whilst a commentary locates it in its broader context * as a body, the maps provide a vivid representation of the development of nations, peoples and social structures. With over 140 maps, expert commentaries and an extensive bibliography, this is the essential reference for those who are striving to understand the fundamental issues of this period.
By the early ninth century, the responsibility for a series of social, religious and political reforms had become an integral part of running the Carolingian empire. This became especially clear when, in 813/4, Louis the Pious and his court seized the momentum generated by their predecessors and broadened the scope of this correctio ever further. These reformers knew they constituted a movement greater than the sum of its parts; the interdependence of imperial authority and ecclesiastical reformers was driven by comprehensive, yet surprisingly diverse expectations. Taking this diversity as a starting point, this book takes a fresh look at these optimistic decades. Extrapolating from a series of detailed case studies rather than presenting a grand narrative, it offers new interpretations of contemporary theories of correctio, and shows the self-awareness of its main instigators as they pondered what it meant to be a good Christian in a good Christian empire.
When talking about the Spanish intervention in the Second World War, the first thing that comes to mind is the Blue Division. However, although it is true that this was the main Spanish involvement in the conflict, there are other much less known aspects of their intervention. One of these is the Spanish participation on the German side in the last months of the war which has been surrounded in rumors, myths and legends. After many years of research, this book tells the story of the reality of the struggle of those few Spaniards who refused to abandon their German comrades in their desperate fight to hold Berlin in the last days of the war. The author gives a day-by-day account of the last weeks of the war to defend Berlin, including information about anti-partisan operations of the Spanish in the north of Italy, the combat together with the Walloons of Leon Degrelle, and their participation in operations against the maquis in France while posted to the German secret service.
V.1. pt. 1. Medieval literature : Chaucer and the alliterative tradition. pt. 2. Medieval literature : the European inheritance -- v.2. The age of Shakespeare - - v.3. From Donne to Marvell -- v.4. From Dryden to Johnson -- v.5. From Blake to Byron -- v.6. From Dickens to Hardy -- v.7. From James to Elliot -- v.8. The present -- v.9. American literature.