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"Containing the public messages, speeches, and statements of the President", 1956-1992.
"This book is the summation of nearly 50 years of architectural survey in Charles County, Maryland. It includes an overall historic context for the county, as well as detailed descriptions of building types within the county, including dwellings, agricultural structures and landscapes, religious institutions, and public, commercial and industrial buildings. By looking at the county's buildings collectively, clear patterns and themes have emerged, reflecting the social and economic development of the county. Characterized by its remote location, first as a British colony and later as a rural county, Charles County residents were relatively conservative and therefore, slow to adopt national architectural styles. For the first two centuries Charles County residents chose instead to build in familiar vernacular forms. As transportation networks improved, first with steamships, then railroads and automobiles, architectural pattern books arrived in the county and began to influence building patterns, but many of these designs were executed in a conservative manner and form and rarely exhibited the most flamboyant features associated with national styles. Many building forms, such as the front-gable Folk Victorian, were constructed in Charles County long after the style had gone out of fashion in other areas. The emphasis on tobacco cultivation and self-sustaining plantations reinforced the rural nature of the county, discouraging the formation of large towns. It wasn't until the late nineteenth century, with the arrival of the railroad and establishment of the Naval Proving Ground, that sizable towns began to develop. Construction of Crain Highway in the mid-twentieth century brought more intensive development along the road's route. After World War II, the county continued to grow rapidly as a bedroom community for nearby Washington, D.C. These growth and development patterns created a distinct impression on the landscape with building forms that were unique to Charles County"--
The definitive account of the lynching of twenty-three-year-old Matthew Williams in Maryland, the subsequent investigation, and the legacy of "modern-day" lynchings. On December 4, 1931, a mob of white men in Salisbury, Maryland, lynched and set ablaze a twenty-three-year-old Black man named Matthew Williams. His gruesome murder was part of a wave of silent white terrorism in the wake of the stock market crash of 1929, which exposed Black laborers to white rage in response to economic anxieties. For nearly a century, the lynching of Matthew Williams has lived in the shadows of the more well-known incidents of racial terror in the deep South, haunting both the Eastern Shore and the state of Maryland as a whole. In The Silent Shore, author Charles L. Chavis Jr. draws on his discovery of previously unreleased investigative documents to meticulously reconstruct the full story of one of the last lynchings in Maryland. Bringing the painful truth of anti-Black violence to light, Chavis breaks the silence that surrounded Williams's death. Though Maryland lacked the notoriety for racial violence of Alabama or Mississippi, he writes, it nonetheless was the site of at least 40 spectacle lynchings after the abolition of slavery in 1864. Families of lynching victims rarely obtained any form of actual justice, but Williams's death would have a curious afterlife: Maryland's politically ambitious governor Albert C. Ritchie would, in an attempt to position himself as a viable challenger to FDR, become one of the first governors in the United States to investigate the lynching death of a Black person. Ritchie tasked Patsy Johnson, a member of the Pinkerton detective agency and a former prizefighter, with going undercover in Salisbury and infiltrating the mob that murdered Williams. Johnson would eventually befriend a young local who admitted to participating in the lynching and who also named several local law enforcement officers as ringleaders. Despite this, a grand jury, after hearing 124 witness statements, declined to indict the perpetrators. But this denial of justice galvanized Governor Ritchie's Interracial Commission, which would become one of the pioneering forces in the early civil rights movement in Maryland. Complicating historical narratives associated with the history of lynching in the city of Salisbury, The Silent Shore explores the immediate and lingering effect of Williams's death on the politics of racism in the United States, the Black community in Salisbury, the broader Eastern Shore, the state of Maryland, and the legacy of "modern-day lynchings."