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The book 'Causes and Effect of Urban Unemployment' takes the readers through the various issues with respect to unemployment in the urban areas. The urbanization is on a rise, but the job sector is not moving with the same pace and it is extremely difficult to catch the pace as well. Due to the lag, there is an unwanted situation of unemployment, which further results in more problems. This book enlists various causes and impacts of unemployment in the urban areas and also suggests ways in which some positive changes can be made.
USA. Monograph examining the labour markets of thirty urban areas in order to analyse the causes of unemployment, with particular reference to slum areas - discusses economic factors (incl. The industrial structure of urban markets, labour supply, wage rates, etc.), structural factors (incl. In respect of education, health, welfare, discrimination, etc.), youth and Black unemployment problems, employment policy, etc. References and statistical tables.
This book examines the role of job proximity on neighborhood employment rates and the propensity of residents to work close to their own neighborhoods. Employment rates in many older and particularly minority neighborhoods rose significantly from 1970 to 1990. The spatial concentration of unemployment and poverty precipitates a number of place-based policies, including residential dispersal, reverse commuting programs, and urban economic development. The author has developed a model to estimate the effects of jobs located within a neighborhood on the local unemployment rate, incorporating measures of skills match between nearby jobs and neighborhood residents, and controling for the number of competing workers in the surrounding area. Job proximity, however, is not the only cause of urban unemployment problems. Other contributing factors examined include spatial mismatch, employment discrimination, skills mismatch, and the role of social networks. The study finds that although job proximity affects neighborhood unemployment rates, the effects are modest and the skill levels of such jobs are important. African Americans, after controlling for skills match, job proximity, and other factors, are found to suffer from higher unemployment and lower levels of employment at neighborhood jobs than whites and Hispanics.
This book exposes the hidden and other causes of mass unemployment. You will not only be appalled at knowing the causes but also dismayed by the many outrageous consequences.
"The migration of labor from rural to urban areas is an important part of the urbanization process in developing countries. Even though it has been the focus of abundant research over the past five decades, some key policy questions have not found clear answers yet. To what extent is internal migration a desirable phenomenon and under what circumstances? Should governments intervene and, if so, with what types of interventions? What should be their policy objectives? To shed light on these important issues, the authors survey the existing theoretical models and their conflicting policy implications and discuss the policies that may be justified based on recent relevant empirical studies. A key limitation is that much of the empirical literature does not provide structural tests of the theoretical models, but only provides partial findings that can support or invalidate intuitions and in that sense, support or invalidate the policy implications of the models. The authors' broad assessment of the literature is that migration can be beneficial or at least be turned into a beneficial phenomenon so that in general migration restrictions are not desirable. They also identify some data issues and research topics which merit further investigation. "--World Bank web site.
Anthropologies of Unemployment offers accessible, theoretically innovative, and ethnographically rich examinations of unemployment in rural and urban regions across North and South America, Europe, Africa, and Asia. The diversity of case studies demonstrates that unemployment is a pressing global phenomenon that sheds light on the uneven consequences of free-market ideologies and policies. Economic, social, and cultural marginalization is common in the lives of the unemployed, but their experience and interpretation are shaped by local and national cultural particularities. In exploring those differences, the contributors to this volume employ recent theoretical innovations and engage with some of the more salient topics in contemporary anthropology, such as globalization, migration, youth cultures, bureaucracy, class, gender, and race. Taken together, the chapters reveal that there is something new about unemployment today. It is not a temporary occurrence, but a chronic condition. In adjusting to persistent, longstanding unemployment, people and groups create new understandings of unemployment as well as of work and employment; they improvise new forms of sociality, morality, and personhood. Ethnographic studies such as those found in Anthropologies of Unemployment are crucial if we are to understand the broader forms, meanings, and significance of pervasive economic insecurity and discover the emergence of new social and cultural possibilities.
Trying to summarize the essentials of macroeconomic theory in the wake of the financial crisis that has shaken not only Western economies but also the macroeconomic profession is no easy task. In particular, the notion that markets are self-correcting and always in equilibrium appears to have taken a heavy blow. However, the jury is still out on which areas should be considered as failures and what which constitute the future of research. The overall aim of this text is to provide a compact overview of the contributions that are currently regarded as the most important for macroeconomic analysis and to equip the reader with the essential theoretical knowledge that all advanced students in macroeconomics should be acquainted with. The result is a compact text that should act as the perfect complement to further study of macroeconomics: an introduction to the key concepts discussed in the journal literature and suitable for students from upper undergraduate level through to PhD courses.