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This timely textprovides a comprehensive overview of the dramatic and rapidly evolving issues confronting the cities of North America. Metropolitan areas throughout the United States and Canada face a range of dynamic and complex concerns—including the redistribution of economic activities, the continued decline of manufacturing, and a global growth in services. The contributors provide compelling examples: Inner cities have experienced both gentrification and continued areas of segregation and poverty. Downtown revitalization has created urban spectacles that include festivals, marketplaces, and sports stadiums. Older, inner-ring suburbs now confront decline and increased poverty, while the outer-ring suburbs and exurbs continue to expand, devouring green space. The book explores how the combined processes of urbanization and globalization have added new responsibilities for city governments at the same time leaders are grappling with planning, economic development and finance, justice, equity, and social cohesion. Cities have become the stage upon which new forms of ethnic, racial, and sexual identities are constructed and reconstructed. They are also connected to wider ecological processes as urban spaces are compromised by manmade and natural disasters alike. Introducing contemporary spatial arrangements and distributions of activities in metropolitan areas, this clear and accessible book covers economic, social, political, and ecological changes. It is also the only text to include the physical geography of urban areas. Bringing together leading geographers, it will be an ideal resource for courses on urban geography and geography of the city. Contributions by: Matthew Anderson, Lisa Benton-Short, Geoff Buckley, Christopher DeSousa, Bernadette Hanlon, Amanda Huron, Yeong-Hyun Kim, Nathaniel M. Lewis, Robert Lewis, Deborah Martin, Lindsey Sutton, John Tiefenbacher, Thomas J. Vicino, Katie Wells, and David Wilson.
At 5 percent, Canada’s population growth was the highest of all G7 countries when the most recent census was taken. But only a handful of large cities drove that growth, attracting human and monetary capital from across the country and leaving myriad social, economic, and environmental challenges behind. Quietly Shrinking Cities investigates this trend and the practical challenges associated with population loss in smaller urban centres. Maxwell Hartt meticulously demonstrates that shrinking cities need to rethink their planning and development strategies in response to a new demographic reality, questioning whether population loss and prosperity are indeed mutually exclusive.
Evaluates more than four hundred metropolitan areas in the United States and Canada, rating such factors as job market, housing costs, crime rates, climate, health care, education, and quality of life.
In 1861, just a few years before Confederation, 84 per cent of Canadians lived in rural areas; today, it’s less than 20 per cent. Our municipal governments are asked to do more for their citizens than ever before, yet they must confront myriad challenges – from the public health pandemic to the housing crisis – without the tools they need. They have no constitutional protection from jurisdictional overstepping by provincial governments and no assurance that they will be able to complete any effort they undertake. The Past, Present, and Future of Canadian Cities explores the historical functions of municipalities, their current ability to tackle major problems, and what the future holds for shifting legal and political powers. This volume examines how pre-Confederation cities came to have their current constitutional and legislative forms; how current local governments make decisions within existing legal parameters, highlighting Indigenous-municipal relationships and emergency management; and, finally, looks to the world to investigate future innovation in municipal governance. The Past, Present, and Future of Canadian Cities makes the case that constitutional concepts must be repurposed to support the transition from nation-building to city-building in a global context.
As the federal government's recent 'New Deal for Cities' suggests, the importance of cities is now widely recognized. Large urban centres are seen at once as primary engines of the economy and as concentrations of societal problems: poverty, homelessness, criminality, environmental degradation. Calls are thus mounting not only for the allocation of more resources but for the adoption of new policies, grounded in urban realities, that will enable Canadian cities to function more effectively. This third edition of Canadian Cities in Transition has been completely revised and updated. Examining the uneven development and uncertain future of Canadian cities, 41 specialists in the field-urban geographers, political scientists, urban planners, civil engineers-offer state-of-the-art understanding of everything from the evolution of the Canadian urban system to site-specific design, problems of transportation and infrastructure, the containment of urban sprawl, the impacts of immigration and gentrification, and the sustainability of cities-both environmentally and economically. The 27 chapters are supported by abundant illustrative material-maps, tables, figures, and photographs-and followed by two appendices, one discussing the changing nature of urban research and the other presenting essential data on Canada's census metropolitan areas. In addition, for the first time this new edition includes a comprehensive bibliography. Required reading for students of Canadian urban geography and urban studies, Canadian Cities in Transition: Local Through Global Perspectives will also be an invaluable resource for anyone concerned about the future of Canada's cities. Book jacket.
The federal government and its policies transform Canadian cities in myriad ways. Canada in Cities examines this relationship to better understand the interplay among changing demographics, how local governments and citizens frame their arguments for federal action, and the ways in which the national government uses its power and resources to shape urban Canada. Most studies of local governance in Canada focus on politics and policy within cities. The essays in this collection turn such analysis on its head, by examining federal programs, rather than municipal ones, and observing how they influence local policies and work with regional authorities and civil societies. Through a series of case studies - ranging from federal policy concerning Aboriginal people in cities, to the introduction of the federal gas tax transfer to municipalities, to the impact of Canada's emergency management policies on cities - the contributors provide insights about how federal politics influence the local political arena. Analyzing federal actions in diverse policy fields, the authors uncover meaningful patterns of federal action and outcome in Canadian cities. A timely contribution, Canada in Cities offers a comprehensive study of diverse areas of municipal public policy that have emerged in Canada in recent years.
Canadian Cities in Transition brings together newly commissioned articles in order to provide a detailed overview of recent trends affecting Canadian cities, and future policy implications these trends will have on Canadian cities. Aimed at students studying urban geography, and focusing specifically on the Canadian city, it provides the most current research available. Divided into five sections--national perspectives, regional perspectives, intra-urban perspectives, urban functions, and social issues and the public sector--the book covers a wide range of subjects. Starting with the Canadian city in the global context, and urbanization in historical perspective, it concludes with an examination of issues such as the inner city, housing, the urban retail landscape, and planning and development.The second edition is a significant revision from the first, with numerous new articles, new contributors, and a much more closely linked editorial structure. The new second edition includes more emphasis on planning, on the environment, and on urban design, as well as more information on the contemporary social and economic transformations which are affecting society as a whole and echoed in cities.
This collection offers an in-depth look at municipal voting behaviour during local elections in eight of Canada's largest cities.
Explores popular economic development strategies in midsize Canadian urban areas. Roads to Prosperity: Economic Development Lessons from Midsize Canadian Cities explores the relative prosperity of midsize Canadian urban areas (population 50,000 to 400,000) over the past two decades. Communities throughout North America have strived for decades to maintain and enhance the prosperity of their residents. In the areas that are the focus of this research, the results of these efforts have been mixed—some communities have been relatively successful while others have fallen further behind the national averages. Midsize cities often lack the resources, both internal and external, to sustain and enhance their prosperity. Policies and strategies that have been successful in larger urban areas may be less effective (or unaffordable) in smaller ones. Roads to Prosperity first examines the economic structure of forty-two Canadian urban regions that fall within the midsize range to determine the economic specializations that characterize these communities and to trace how these specializations have evolved over the time period between 1991 and 2011. While urban areas with an economic base of natural resource or manufacturing industries tend to retain this economic function over the years, communities that rely on the service industries have been much more likely to experience some degree of restructuring in their economies over the past twenty years. The overall trend among these communities has been for their employment profiles to become more similar and for their economic specialization to fade over time. The second part of the book looks at a number of currently popular economic development strategies as they have been applied to midsize urban areas and their success and failures. While there appears to be no single economic development strategy that will lead to greater prosperity for every community, Sands and Reese explore the various factors that help explain why some work and others don’t. Those with an interest in urban planning and community development will find this monograph highly informative.