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This volume is concerned with the transport of thermal energy in flows of practical significance. The temperature distributions which result from convective heat transfer, in contrast to those associated with radiation heat transfer and conduction in solids, are related to velocity characteristics and we have included sufficient information of momentum transfer to make the book self-contained. This is readily achieved because of the close relation ship between the equations which represent conservation of momentum and energy: it is very desirable since convective heat transfer involves flows with large temperature differences, where the equations are coupled through an equation of state, as well as flows with small temperature differences where the energy equation is dependent on the momentum equation but the momentum equation is assumed independent of the energy equation. The equations which represent the conservation of scalar properties, including thermal energy, species concentration and particle number density can be identical in form and solutions obtained in terms of one dependent variable can represent those of another. Thus, although the discussion and arguments of this book are expressed in terms of heat transfer, they are relevant to problems of mass and particle transport. Care is required, however, in making use of these analogies since, for example, identical boundary conditions are not usually achieved in practice and mass transfer can involve more than one dependent variable.
Boundary layer transition was measured in zero, favorable, and adverse pressure gradients at Mach 8 using heat transfer. Models consisted of 7 degrees half angle forecones 0.4826 m long, followed by flared or ogive aft bodies 0.5334 m long. The flares and ogives produced constant pressure gradients. For the cases examined, favorable pressure gradients delay transition and adverse pressure gradients promote transition, but transition zone lengths are shorter in favorable pressure gradient. Results of the effect of adverse pressure gradient on transition zone lengths were inconclusive.
The results of the Task 1 and 2 turbine design work are reported. Preliminary design is discussed. Blading detailed design data are summarized. Predicted performance maps are presented. Steady-state stresses and vibratory behavior are discussed, and the results of the mechanical design analysis are presented. -- [V]. I The experimental test program results of a 4 1/2-stage turbine with a very high stage loading factor are presented. A four-stage turbine was tested with and without outlet turning vanes. The 4 1/2-stage turbine achieved a design point total-to-total efficiency of 0.853. The outlet turning vane design point performance was 0.4 percent of the overall 4 1/2-stage turbine efficiency. Tests were conducted at various levels of Reynolds number and indicated decreases in turbine efficiency and equivalent weight flow with decreasing Reynolds number. --[V]. II.