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Store-operated calcium channels are found in most animal cells and regulate many cellular functions including cell division, growth, differentiation, and cell death. This volume provides a concise and informative overview of the principles of store-operated calcium entry and the key developments in the field from researchers who have led these advances. The overall goal of the volume is to provide interested students and investigators with sufficient information to enable a broad understanding of the progress and current excitement in the field. The volume contains a wealth of information that even experienced investigators in the field will find useful. - The volume provides a comprehensive overview of the mechanisms and functions of store-operated calcium channels - Contributors are authoritative researchers who have produced important advances in the field - The volume is well-illustrated with cartoons and data to facilitate easy comprehension of the subject
We present to our readers the proceedings of the Second International Workshop on Phosphate. A short account of the history of the effort led to the Phosphate Workshops is appro priate and can be of interest to the reader. The idea for Phosphate Workshops was born in the early days of November, 1974. One of us (S. G. M. ) suggested the thought to a group of scientists gathered for a luncheon in one of the attrac tive small restaurants in Weisbaden, Germany. The purpose of the workshop was to bring together interested scientists to discuss the newer developments and the recent advances in the field of phosphate metabolism and the other related minerals. An Organizing Committee made of Shaul G. Massry (USA), Louis V. Avioli (USA), Philippe Bordier (France), Herbert Fleisch (Switzerland), and Eduardo Slatopolsky (USA) was formed. The First Workshop was held in Paris during June 5-6, 1975 and was hosted by Dr. Philippe Bordier. Its proceeding was already published. The Second Workshop took place in Heidelberg during June 28-30, 1976 and was hosted by Dr. Eberhard Ritz. Both of these workshops were extremely successful scientific endeavors, and the need for them was demonstrated by the great interest they generated among the scientific community. The Or ganizing Committee, therefore, decided to continue with the tradi tion to hold additional Workshops annually or every other year.
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Calcium in Human Biology provides an authoritative review of current knowledge and points the way to further progress in the understanding of this essential nutrient. In addition to considering the established importance of an adequate dietary source of available calcium for the formation of sound bones and teeth, there is detailed discussion of the part calcium plays in a variety of aspects of human metabolism. The book is written primarily for those working in the nutritional sciences and related fields. It will also be of interest to clinicians, nutritionists, and to those interested more generally in the biological sciences, as well as to those in the important sectors of the food industry which utilise or produce dairy products and other foods significant to the supply of dietary calcium.
The endothelium, a monolayer of endothelial cells, constitutes the inner cellular lining of the blood vessels (arteries, veins and capillaries) and the lymphatic system, and therefore is in direct contact with the blood/lymph and the circulating cells. The endothelium is a major player in the control of blood fluidity, platelet aggregation and vascular tone, a major actor in the regulation of immunology, inflammation and angiogenesis, and an important metabolizing and an endocrine organ. Endothelial cells controls vascular tone, and thereby blood flow, by synthesizing and releasing relaxing and contracting factors such as nitric oxide, metabolites of arachidonic acid via the cyclooxygenases, lipoxygenases and cytochrome P450 pathways, various peptides (endothelin, urotensin, CNP, adrenomedullin, etc.), adenosine, purines, reactive oxygen species and so on. Additionally, endothelial ectoenzymes are required steps in the generation of vasoactive hormones such as angiotensin II. An endothelial dysfunction linked to an imbalance in the synthesis and/or the release of these various endothelial factors may explain the initiation of cardiovascular pathologies (from hypertension to atherosclerosis) or their development and perpetuation. Table of Contents: Introduction / Multiple Functions of the Endothelial Cells / Calcium Signaling in Vascular Cells and Cell-to-Cell Communications / Endothelium-Dependent Regulation of Vascular Tone / Conclusion / References
Nutrition and Osteoporosis: Seeing Through a Glass, Darkly (1 Cor. 13:12) This volume of Advances in Nutritional Research deals with the present state of knowledge relative to the role of nutrition in the etiology of osteoporosis, one of the most serious degenerative diseases in the aging population. As a back drop for subsequent chapters on specific nutrients, Chapter 1 provides a com prehensive account of the gain and loss of bone throughout the life cycle, with emphasis on the architectural changes in later life that predispose to osteoporotic bone fractures. Chapter 2 documents the occurrence of aging bone loss through out human archeological history and Chapter 3 extends this documentation to all non-human vertebrate species so far examined, including primates living in the wild. It is apparent that a progressive loss of bone tissue is a normal accompaniment of aging among higher vertebrates. Whether it is a cause of bone fractures in animals, as it is in humans, is still unknown. It has also been established that there are significant differences in the frequency of osteoporotic fractures among human families, ethnic groups, national populations and diet cultures. Numerous studies have been carried out in an effort to explain these differences, and many of these deal with the possible effect of nutrition. Protracted controversies over the role of nutrition in the etiology of osteoporosis are reflected in the contents of several of the ensuing chapters.
There has been a rapid expansion of knowledge in the field of paediatric calcium and bone disorders over the past twenty years. Advances have been made in the underlying genetic basis for many conditions in conjunction with progress in bone density and geometry imaging and the development of new treatment options. The 2nd revised edition of ‘Calcium and Bone Disorders in Children and Adolescents’ presents up-to-date information on many aspects included in the 1st edition such as the physiology, pathology, diagnosis and management of numerous conditions including a chapter of case histories illustrating clinical aspects. New chapters on skeletal dysplasias, the genetics of osteoporosis, radiological imaging of bone and a practical approach to a child with recurrent fractures are included. Providing a comprehensive update, this book is a useful clinical resource for paediatricians and specialists in endocrinology, metabolic bone disease, nephrology, rheumatology, radiology, orthopaedics and clinical genetics who may be faced with a child with a calcium and/or bone disorder.
A fully updated and illustrated handbook providing comprehensive coverage of all curriculum areas covered by the MRCOG Part 1 examination.
EDITOR-IN-CHIEF: Clifford J. Rosen, M.D., Maine Medical Center Research Institute, Scarborough, Maine SENIOR ASSOCIATE EDITORS: Juliet E. Compston, M.D., FRCP, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, United Kingdom Jane B. Lian, Ph.D., University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts This comprehensive yet concise handbook is an indispensable reference for the many clinicians who see patients with disorders of bone formation, metabolic bone diseases, or disorders of stone formation. It is also a crucial tool for researchers, students, and all other professionals working in the bone field. In a format designed for quick reference, it provides complete information on the symptoms, pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment of all common and rare bone and mineral disorders. New in this edition: detailed coverage of osteonecrosis of the jaw, more in-depth coverage of cancer and bone including new approaches to pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment; new approaches to anabolic therapy of osteoporosis; the latest research on Vitamin D; expanded coverage of international topics; more on the genetics of bone mass; and newer imaging techniques for the skeleton. In addition, this edition features a free, online-only appendix of medicines used to treat bone disorders and their availability around the world.