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The mobile telecommunication industry has been one of the fastest growing industries in the global economy since the late 1990s. As the first country to offer commercial Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) cellular service in the world, Korea was able to jump right into the digital mobile markets, enhancing its status as a leading manufacturer of mobile equipment. While the growth of the telecom industry occurred with the emergence of worldwide market-oriented regulatory reform and liberalization in telecommunications, the state-market relationship in Korea evolved from state monopoly toward “centralized governance” and later toward “flexible governance,” which is substantially different from “liberal governance” of the US. This book examines the uniqueness of Korean regulatory reforms of the mobile telecommunication sector, and argues that the market-oriented regulatory reform and liberalization should be explained by focusing on the interactions among the state, the private sector, and international political economic environment. It will appeal to scholars and policy-makers alike concerned with market regulation, Asian development and political economy.
This study analyzes the Korean path of telecommunications market liberalization. An analysis of the Korean mobile market liberalization reveals that international and technological changes had significant impacts on the decision to liberalize the telecom market and on state-industry relationships. Changes in the international market, prompted by the United States' telecom liberalization initiative and the GATT/WTO regime, and technological revolution in the telecom, forced the Korean government to embrace the rule of market liberalization. This required fundamental reforms in the domestic telecommunications system, so that the country could secure an international competitiveness that the old state monopoly would no longer provide.
By Rebecca Endicott Birdseye Weil.
We are on the verge of gaining access to a cornucopia of information and entertainment, but government regulation threatens to bottle up the new technology. Cable and telephone companies are both protected from competition and forbidden to enter new markets. The Clinton administration considers spending billions of taxpayers' dollars to build an "information superhighway" that private companies are champing at the bit to build at no cost to the government. Today's Information Revolution is driven by three smaller revolutions in microelectronic, digital, and optical technology. The microelectronic revolution, based on the transistor and then the microprocessor, has given us word processors, programmable VCRs, "featureful" home telephones, and personal computers, all of which have moved computing power away from a technical elite and closer to the average citizen. The digital revolution allows information in any form - even graphics and sound - to be processed by machines. And the fiber-optic revolution means that much more information can be transmitted simultaneously. Together, those technological changes are erasing the boundaries that have separated voice, video, text, and data communications and are making regulatory policy as obsolete as dial telephones and vacuum tubes. Regulations have been based on the outmoded notions of natural monopoly, spectrum scarcity, and captive audiences - none of which seem very compelling in the modern era of Telecompetition. Communications analyst Lawrence Gasman argues that the best way to gain the benefits of new information technology is not a government-backed "communications superhighway" but a policy of free markets, deregulation, propertyrights, and upholding the First Amendment. The most important role for government is to protect property rights, then stand back and watch as new technologies break through the boundaries of old regulations. Telecompetition is the comprehensive case for deregulating telecommunications. It discusses such key issues as deregulating the Baby Bells, spectrum auctions, First Amendment rights for broadcasters, and the national data highway. Telecompetition shows that bureaucrats have neither the knowledge nor the incentive to intelligently guide the Information Revolution. With the regulatory stranglehold on telecommunications actually tightening in some ways - such as the 1992 Cable Act - even as the free market struggles to bring modern technology to all our homes and offices, Telecompetition is a valuable argument for deregulation, First Amendment rights, and free markets.
Before the 1990s, China's telecommunications sector was a lacklustre monopoly featured by poor-quality service and inadequate capacity. Today the country boasts a dynamic telecommunications industry with the world's largest communications network and user-base with over 460 million telephone subscribers. China's accession to the WTO in 2001 has opened this huge developing telecommunications market to foreign participation and investment. The authors examine the singularity of the Chinese experience in building up its extensive telecommunications network in merely a decade, by reviewing China's national industrial policies and institutional reforms within the industry. The reader will find in this volume a unique and in-depth analysis of the interplay between political and economic forces amidst the industry's structural overhaul and regulatory reforms. The accounts of industrial features and market conditions are enriched with up-to-date data, which are extremely useful for appreciating the development and prospects for this fast-growing market, set against the backdrop of China's accession to the WTO. Scholars of China or Asian studies and researchers of information-communications industry and Asian/China studies will find this work of great interest, as will governmental policymakers, both in China and beyond. For foreign business practitioners eyeing this market, this volume provides a helpful guide to understand China's various interests and public welfare considerations that motivate changes in policies towards foreign investment and participation.
It is predicted by some observers that the 21st century will be remembered as the Asian Century. Many of the countries in the region seem to be able to take the economic and trade baton when one of the others experiences problems. the region, in general, continues to grow economically, politically and militarily. The articles presented in this book examine the current political and economic situations in nations across Asia, particularly focusing on economic developments. Contents: Preface; Why Does China Succeed in Attracting and Utilising Foreign Direct Investment?; Democracy Movement at the Crossroads: Protracted Democratisation and De-mobilisation in Hong Kong; China's Opening to the Outside World with Facing Economic Globalisation; China's Telecommunications Reforms: From Monopoly towards Competition; World Bank Lending: Issues Raised by China's Qinghai Resettlement Project; Explaining the Soft-Open Regionalism in East Asia; Governance, Security and the Environmental Policy in South Asia: A Paradox of Change and Continuity; Carbon Emissions Control, Trade Liberalisation and Electricity Market Imperfection: Co-ordinated Approaches to Taiwan's Trade and Tax Policy; ASEAN, 'Haz