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In this comprehensive study, 15 African experts describe and analyse the military budgetary processes and degree of parliamentary oversight and control in nine countries of Africa, spanning across all the continent's sub-regions. Each case study addresses a wide range of questions, such as the roles of the ministries of finance, budget offices, audit departments and external actors in the military budgetary processes, the extent of compliance with standard public expenditure management procedures, and how well official military expenditure figures reflect the true economic resources devoted to military activities in these countries.
The international reporting of military expenditure data for African states is poor in many respects. Figures that are published are often at variance with the socio-economic realities of the countries. This study examines the availability and reliability of official military expenditure data for six countries in West, Central and East Africa, using a combination of interviews with key actors in the military budgeting process and analysis of official documents in the countries selected. The author concludes that data are indeed available in many of these countries but that the quality of the data varies from country to country. Two main factors account for this - the influence of the donors of economic aid, whose insistence that artain certain maximum level of expenditure on defence should not be exceeded has encouraged the manipulation of data by the countries concerned; and the general loss of capacity in several countries to compile the necessary statistics.
Martin Rupiya, Director of the University of Zimbabwe's Centre for Defence Studies, and Daniel Henk of the Air War College provide one of the first comprehensive studies of defense budgeting practices in Africa. They assess both the problems with these practices and fruitful avenues of reform. By doing so, they provide a solid roadmap both for African leaders and for Americans concerned with the development of greater security in the region. The interests of the United States would be well-served in the emergence of a stable, secure and prosperous Africa, a fact acknowledged in the rhetoric of the current and previous Administrations. Since the end of the Cold War, the United States has been increasingly active in efforts to promote political and economic reform in African countries, including programs to democratize African security sectors. While the military (and other security force) establishments in Africa have many problems-and pose challenges to ongoing democratization efforts-few challenges are as potentially significant for good or ill as that of defense sector funding. The ability of African countries to provide the secure environment necessary for social and economic development requires the creation of the right kind of security establishments, legitimized by democratic processes, and empowered with adequate resources. It is very much in the U.S. interest to assist African societies in reform both of the security sector and of security sector financing.
Martin Rupiya, Director of the University of Zimbabwe's Centre for Defence Studies, and Daniel Henk of the Air War College provide one of the first comprehensive studies of defense budgeting practices in Africa. They assess both the problems with these practices and fruitful avenues of reform. By doing so, they provide a solid roadmap both for African leaders and for Americans concerned with the development of greater security in the region.
Martin Rupiya, Director of the University of Zimbabwe's Centre for Defence Studies, and Daniel Henk of the Air War College provide one of the first comprehensive studies of defense budgeting practices in Africa. They assess both the problems with these practices and fruitful avenues of reform. By doing so, they provide a solid roadmap both for African leaders and for Americans concerned with the development of greater security in the region. The interests of the United States would be well-served in the emergence of a stable, secure and prosperous Africa, a fact acknowledged in the rhetoric of the current and previous Administrations. Since the end of the Cold War, the United States has been increasingly active in efforts to promote political and economic reform in African countries, including programs to democratize African security sectors. While the military (and other security force) establishments in Africa have many problems-and pose challenges to ongoing democratization efforts-few challenges are as potentially significant for good or ill as that of defense sector funding. The ability of African countries to provide the secure environment necessary for social and economic development requires the creation of the right kind of security establishments, legitimized by democratic processes, and empowered with adequate resources. It is very much in the U.S. interest to assist African societies in reform both of the security sector and of security sector financing.
Martin Rupiya, Director of the University of Zimbabwe's Centre for Defence Studies, and Daniel Henk of the Air War College provide one of the first comprehensive studies of defense budgeting practices in Africa. They assess both the problems with these practices and fruitful avenues of reform. By doing so, they provide a solid roadmap both for African leaders and for Americans concerned with the development of greater security in the region. The interests of the United States would be well-served in the emergence of a stable, secure and prosperous Africa, a fact acknowledged in the rhetoric of the current and previous Administrations. Since the end of the Cold War, the United States has been increasingly active in efforts to promote political and economic reform in African countries, including programs to democratize African security sectors. While the military (and other security force) establishments in Africa have many problems-and pose challenges to ongoing democratization efforts-few challenges are as potentially significant for good or ill as that of defense sector funding. The ability of African countries to provide the secure environment necessary for social and economic development requires the creation of the right kind of security establishments, legitimized by democratic processes, and empowered with adequate resources. It is very much in the U.S. interest to assist African societies in reform both of the security sector and of security sector financing.
Remember the global peace dividend - the budget surpluses that were supposed to result from the raising of the Iron Curtain and the end of the arms race? As war-torn societies in the Middle East, Latin America, and parts of Africa found peace and began building democratic societies, governments were supposed to use the money they once spent on the military to better meet basic human needs. But has it happened?