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This innovative study of racial upheaval and urban transformation in Baltimore, Maryland investigates the impact of "blockbusting"—a practice in which real estate agents would sell a house on an all-white block to an African American family with the aim of igniting a panic among the other residents. These homeowners would often sell at a loss to move away, and the real estate agents would promote the properties at a drastic markup to African American buyers. In this groundbreaking book, W. Edward Orser examines Edmondson Village, a west Baltimore rowhouse community where an especially acute instance of blockbusting triggered white flight and racial change on a dramatic scale. Between 1955 and 1965, nearly twenty thousand white residents, who saw their secure world changing drastically, were replaced by blacks in search of the American dream. By buying low and selling high, playing on the fears of whites and the needs of African Americans, blockbusters set off a series of events that Orser calls "a collective trauma whose significance for recent American social and cultural history is still insufficiently appreciated and understood." Blockbusting in Baltimore describes a widely experienced but little analyzed phenomenon of recent social history. Orser makes an important contribution to community and urban studies, race relations, and records of the African American experience.
The goal of this book is to demonstrate to manufacturing, distributor, and service businesses that there are only seven critical business elements from which continuous improvement projects can be discovered, financially evaluated, and ranked before implementation. They are: Increase sales by increasing the percent of market coverage. Reduce expenses by reducing the percent of labor and non-labor expenses per sales dollar. Reduce lead times to reduce work-in-process inventory investment. Reduce setup costs to minimize product and component inventory investment. Maximize capital asset utilization percent. Minimize asset investment for invoice payment by controlling the collection period within the contracted time period. Maximize employee knowledge worker utilization by empowering them with financial and practical training related to these seven business elements. The information is uniquely organized so it can serve as a frequent reminder for both the experienced and inexperienced of the few principles and financially-based formulas that must be built into company culture if both customers and stockholders are to be satisfied. Project teams are shown how to discover and financially evaluate and rank a vast number of continuous improvement projects.
Containing some of the leading voices on Detroit's history and future, Mapping Detroit will be informative reading for anyone interested in urban studies, geography, and recent American history.
Condoland casts CityPlace – a massive residential development of more than thirty condominium towers just outside Toronto’s downtown core – as a microcosm of twenty-first-century urban intensification that has transformed the city skyline beyond all recognition. Built almost entirely by a single private developer, this immense neighbourhood took decades to plan, design, and develop, but the end result lacks a sense of place and is not widely accessible to those who need homes: only a small number of its 13,000 units constitute affordable housing, and public amenities are limited. James T. White and John Punter journey through the forty-year development of Toronto’s largest residential megaproject, focusing on its urban design and architectural evolution. They also delve into the background, summarizing the tools used to shape Toronto’s built environment, and critically explore the underlying political economy of planning and real estate development in the city. Using detailed field studies, interviews, archival research, and with nearly two hundred illustrations, they reveal an alarmingly flexible approach to planning and design that is acquiescent to the demands of a rapacious development industry. Condoland raises key questions about the sustainability and long-term resilience of city planning.
This book collects wide-ranging contributions such as case studies, reviews, reports on technological developments, outputs of research/studies, and examples of successful projects, presenting current knowledge and raising awareness to help the agriculture and forestry sectors find solutions for mitigating climate variability and adapting to change. It brings the topic of ecosystem services closer to education and learning, as targeted by the Framework Convention on Climate Change and the Paris Agreement, the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and the EU Biodiversity Strategy to 2020. Climate change and its impacts on agriculture and agroforestry have been observed across the world during the last 50 years. Increasing temperatures, droughts, biotic stresses and the impacts of extreme events have continuously decreased agroforestry systems’ resilience to the effects of climate change. As such, there is a need to adapt farming and agroforestry systems so as to make them better able to handle ever-changing climate conditions, and to preserve habitats and ecosystems services.
The Spatial Fiscal Impact Analysis Method is an innovative approach to measure fiscal impact and project the future costs of a proposed development, recognizing that all revenues and expenditures are spatially related. The Spatial Method focuses on estimating existing fiscal impacts of detailed land use categories by their location. It takes advantage of readily available data that reflect the flows of revenues and expenditures in a city, using the tools of Geographic Information Systems (GIS). The result is a comprehensive yet transparent database for measuring existing fiscal impacts and projecting the impacts of future development or redevelopment. This book will provide readers with guidance as to how to conduct the Spatial Method in their own cities. The book will provide an overview of the history of fiscal analysis, and demonstrate the advantages of the Spatial Method to other methods, taking the reader step by step through the process, from analyzing city financial reports, determining and developing the factors that are needed to model the flows of revenues and expenditures, and then estimating fiscal impact at the parcel level. The result is a summary of detailed land use categories and neighborhoods that will be invaluable to city planners and public administration officials everywhere.