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Results of a questionnaire returned by 337 wildlife and agricultural specialists in 25 States indicated that losses of corn sprouts to birds in 1971 may have been a $6 million, and possibly a $49 million problem. The southeastern and mid-Atlantic States were experiencing the most serious problems, and common grackles (Quiscalus quiscala) appeared to be the most important species involved. Shooting, poisoning, and the use of repellents and exploders were the most common methods used in alleviating the problem. Most respondents recognized that corn sprout pulling was related to breeding and loafing cover for birds and t o various agricultural practices.
Results of a questionnaire returned by 337 wildlife and agricultural specialists in 25 States indicated that losses of corn sprouts to birds in 1971 may have been a $6 million, and possibly a $49 million problem. The southeastern and mid-Atlantic States were experiencing the most serious problems, and common grackles (Quiscalus quiscala) appeared to be the most important species involved. Shooting, poisoning, and the use of repellents and exploders were the most common methods used in alleviating the problem. Most respondents recognized that corn sprout pulling was related to breeding and loafing cover for birds and t o various agricultural practices.
Results of a questionnaire returned by 375 wildlife and agricultural specialists and grape growers throughout the United States indicated that bird damage to grapes was at least $4.4 million in 1972. The loss in California alone was probably more than 3.7 million. Grapes of various varieties were grown on over 645,600 acres in 13 States. California contained about 85% of the total U.S. acreage and accounted for about 90% of the total U.S. production. Respondents reported that bird damage was generally a serious problem in one State, a moderated problem in three States, a slight to moderate problem in seven States, and a slight problem in two States. Starlings (Sturnus vulgaris), sparrows (species undetermined), and finches (Carpodacus spp.) were the most important damaging species, but robins (Turdus migratorius), bluebirds (Silia spp.), and waxwings (Bombycilla spp.) were locally important. Exploders, shooting, electronic sound devices, trapping, and various poisons were listed as the most effective and frequently-used control methods, however, most respondents felt that available control methods are inadequate.
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