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Introduction; Azolla; Blue-green algae; Aquatic legumes - rhizobia; Free-living N2-fixing bacteria.
Plant Production on the Threshold of a New Century describes and compares problems and frontier developments in the different sectors of plant production, integrating developments in basic plant sciences, crop science and socioeconomic science, leading to sustainable plant production. Hence the book formulates goals and constraints in policy, economy, production, environment and land use; indicates how these goals and constraints may be translated into farming styles and cropping systems; and describes how the fundamental plant sciences can contribute to the implementation of such farming styles and cropping systems.
Microbiology may be described as one of the younger sciences with its history, as a precise subject, only dating as far back as Pasteur in the mid 1800s and his revelation both of the role of microorganisms in nature and their importance to human welfare. Medical scientists rapidly took up the challenge, with their area of microbiology flourishing and expanding almost in complete isolation from the rest of biology. We now know, of course, that microorganisms have always played an important, if not essential role, in the biosphere with fermented foods and beverages, plant and animal diseases and nutrient cycling foremost in their sphere of activities. Within the last twenty years, microbiology has received two enormous boosts with the developments in microbial genetics and genetic engineering probably being the most influential, and the greater awareness of pollution and environmental sustainability following a close second. In 1990, your editor had the privilege and pleasure of being elected as President of The Association of Applied Biologists in the United King dom and, as the topic for his three-day Presidential Conference, chose 'The exploitation of microorganisms in applied biology'. This meeting stimu lated great interest in a wide range of subject areas, from weed control to nematology, from plant breeding to plant pathology, from mushrooms to mycorrhiza. The proceedings of this meeting were published in Aspects of Applied Biology, No. 24, 1990.
Selected papers from a symposium held as part of the 1992 International Rice Research Conference.
Cyanobacteria make a major contribution to world photosynthesis and nitrogen fixation, but are also notorious for causing nuisances such as dense and often toxic `blooms' in lakes and the ocean. The Ecology of Cyanobacteria: Their Diversity in Time and Space is the first book to focus solely on ecological aspects of these organisms. Its twenty-two chapters are written by some thirty authors, who are leading experts in their particular subject. The book begins with an overview of the cyanobacteria - or blue-green algae, for those who are not specialists - then looks at their diversity in the geological record and goes on to describe their ecology in present environments where they play important roles. Why is one of the key groups of organisms in the Precambrian still one of the most important groups of phototrophs today? The importance of ecological information for rational management and exploitation of these organisms for commercial and other practical purposes is also assessed. Accounts are provided of nuisances as well as the ecology of the commercially successful Spirulina and the role of cyanobacteria in ecosystem recovery from oil pollution. Many chapters include aspects of physiology, biochemistry, geochemistry and molecular biology where these help general understanding of the subject. In addition there are three chapters dealing specifically with molecular ecology. Thirty-two pages of colour photos incorporate about seventy views and light micrographs. These features make the book valuable to a wide readership, including biologists, microbiologists, geologists, water managers and environmental consultants. The book complements the highly successful The Molecular Biology of Cyanobacteria already published by Kluwer.
Potential whistle-blower bewares. Whistling blowing act might lead to career suicide. So think carefully before you plunge into action, because ultimately the price you have to pay is your dismissal. Government agency apparently is rarely prepared to admit mistakes or attend to the views expressed by their workers. In fact, more often than not, they would rather deny the charges from workers and continue to not respond to it or even lie about it. Government agency often issues its policy statement encouraging its employees to freely express their view without fear of recrimination or retributions. But be careful before you take the bait, which I did. Employees should know that there is also an unwritten policy, which is to harass or retaliate against people critical of or who disagree with any action taken by the agency. These people are labeled troublemakers and will eventually be terminated. Remember government rarely practices what it preaches, period. Government will often spend an enormous amount of time and resources to orchestrate the removal of the so-called whistle blowers, a.k.a. troublemakers. These whistle blowers are often persecuted for the only crime they committed which is to tell the truth, and would ultimately be dismissed from their jobs. My advice to the would-be whistle blower is this: do not blow the whistle unless you are prepared to lose everything. It is better to remain silence than to speak out to lose your job.
Sharing the responsibility; Using biodiversity to manage pests; Sharing the seeds; Beyond rice: wide crosses broaden the gene pool; Teaching people to save seeds; Delivering diversity to the field; Partners in rainfed rice breeding; Cultural diversity through genetic diversity; The geometry of rice; Program highlights; Irrigated rice; Rainfed lowland rice; Upland rice; Flood-prone rice; Cross-ecosystems research; Conserving and promoting genetic diversity; Information and knowledge exchange; Training; Strengthening international partnerships; Finance and administration; IRRI board of trustees, 1998; Internationally and nationally recruited staff, 1997; Institutions collaborating with IRRI; Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research.
In agriculture, microbial biotechnology covers a wide array of subjects ranging from biofertilizers to biological control of pests and diseases; from biological N 2 -fixation to lignocellulose degradation; from production of biomass and biofuels to genetically engineered plants. Similarly, microbial biotechnology in aquaculture touches several aspe
Ferns are representative of genetic inheritance of great value as they include species of ancient vascular plants, which have direct connection with the evolution of plant life on Earth. This volume brings a selection of chapters covering a range of themes on fern biology, its development and growth, useful protocols for propagation and conservation purposes, genetic diversity, as well as medicinal and environmental applications. The content is organized into four parts: Biotechnology of Ferns Propagation of Ferns Ferns in Medicines Environmental Regulation This wide spectrum of the contributions provides quick access to information on the enormous potential of this plant group. This book brings together most recent research work and novel techniques, which is far from the traditional perspective usually followed. It is of interest to teachers, researchers, and botanists. Also the book serves as additional reading material for undergraduate and graduate students of agriculture, botany, forestry, and ecology.