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For use in schools and libraries only. This book explains the process of how immigrants become citizens of the United States.
With a theme of membership and belonging reflected throughout, Immigration and Citizenship: Process and Policy presents exceptionally broad coverage of immigration and citizenship and their unalienable rights. The book discusses constitutional protections, deportation, and judicial review and removal procedures. The authors define immigration and citizenship to include not only the traditional questions of who is admitted and who is allowed to stay in the United States, but also the complex areas of discrimination between citizens and non-citizens, unauthorized migration, federalism, and the close interaction of constitutional law with statutes and regulations. The fifth edition integrates important developments, including many changes to the immigration statutes as part of the Patriot Act; anti-terrorism enforcement; and splitting up the Immigration and Naturalization Service into various parts of the new Department of Homeland Security and other federal agencies. Other significant changes include deleting the chapter on the concept of entry, folding the deportation chapter's discussion of relief into a general chapter on the grounds of deportability, and creating a new chapter on undocumented immigration.
In the decades after the United States formally declared its independence in 1776, Americans struggled to gain recognition of their new republic and their rights as citizens. None had to fight harder than the nation’s seamen, whose labor took them far from home and deep into the Atlantic world. Citizen Sailors tells the story of how their efforts to become American at sea in the midst of war and revolution created the first national, racially inclusive model of United States citizenship. Nathan Perl-Rosenthal immerses us in sailors’ pursuit of safe passage through the ocean world during the turbulent age of revolution. Challenged by British press-gangs and French privateersmen, who considered them Britons and rejected their citizenship claims, American seamen demanded that the U.S. government take action to protect them. In response, federal leaders created a system of national identification documents for sailors and issued them to tens of thousands of mariners of all races—nearly a century before such credentials came into wider use. Citizenship for American sailors was strikingly ahead of its time: it marked the federal government’s most extensive foray into defining the boundaries of national belonging until the Civil War era, and the government’s most explicit recognition of black Americans’ equal membership as well. This remarkable system succeeded in safeguarding seafarers, but it fell victim to rising racism and nativism after 1815. Not until the twentieth century would the United States again embrace such an inclusive vision of American nationhood.