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Audits provide essential accountability and transparency over government programs. Given the current challenges facing governments and their programs, the oversight provided through auditing is more critical than ever. Government auditing provides the objective analysis and information needed to make the decisions necessary to help create a better future. The professional standards presented in this 2018 revision of Government Auditing Standards (known as the Yellow Book) provide a framework for performing high-quality audit work with competence, integrity, objectivity, and independence to provide accountability and to help improve government operations and services. These standards, commonly referred to as generally accepted government auditing standards (GAGAS), provide the foundation for government auditors to lead by example in the areas of independence, transparency, accountability, and quality through the audit process. This revision contains major changes from, and supersedes, the 2011 revision.
The Second Edition of this best-selling ABA guide contains the original 1975 Statement of Policy Regarding Lawyers' Responses to Auditors' Requests for Information. Much has changed since the American Bar Association Statement of Policy Regarding Lawyers' Responses to Auditors' Requests for Information ("the ABA Statement") and the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants' ("AICPA") related Statement of Auditing Standards No. 12 ("SAS 12") were approved in December 1975 and January 1976, respectively. There has been an increased emphasis on the quality of loss contingency disclosure, an expansion of private litigation and SEC enforcement actions against accountants and other professionals, and a new regulatory regime for the accounting profession established by the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. Despite these changes, the ABA Statement has stood the test of time and shown its flexibility to adapt to meet changing circumstances. Another development since the ABA Statement was approved has been the increasing relevance of international accounting and auditing standards and the expansion of cross-border practice by law firms. International Financial Reporting Standards ("IFRS") adopted by the International Accounting Standards Board have become the accounting standards in many countries throughout the world other than the United States. Canada, for example, recently converted to IFRS for publicly traded companies. This resource is a must-have for inside and outside counsel in dealing with the auditor's need for corroboration of information furnished by management concerning litigation, claims, and assessments. It comprises a consolidated presentation of the principal official pronouncements and unofficial commentaries on the subject of audit inquiries and lawyers' responses. This book is published by the Audit Responses Committee of the ABA Business Law Section.
Newly revised in 2011. Contains the auditing standards promulgated by the Comptroller General of the United States. Known as the Yellow Book. Includes the professional standards and guidance, commonly referred to as generally accepted government auditing standards (GAGAS), which provide a framework for conducting high quality government audits and attestation engagements with competence, integrity, objectivity, and independence. These standards are for use by auditors of government entities and entities that receive government awards and audit organizations performing GAGAS audits and attestation engagements.
Do you perform engagements in accordance with generally accepted government auditing standards (GAGAS) as presented in the Yellow Book? This book provides an excellent baseline of information for accountants to better understand governmental auditing foundations, ethics, general audit standards, financial audit standards, attestation engagement standards, and fieldwork and reporting standards for performance audits. It is essential that all auditors planning and conducting audits in accordance with GAGAS understand and discern these concepts and standards in executing their responsibilities. In addition to a chapter covering the key points in a Uniform Guidance compliance audit, this book also includes content from AICPA Guide Government Auditing Standards and Single Audits related to a Uniform Guidance compliance audit, including appendixes for example auditor's reports and sampling guidance. This book will prepare you to do the following: Identify the types of engagements that are performed under Government Auditing Standards. Recognize Yellow Book requirements related to independence, peer review, and more. Identify the additional requirements for performing a financial audit under GAGAS. Recognize the additional GAGAS reporting requirements for financial audits. Recall the requirements for performing attestation engagements and performance audits under the Yellow Book.
Policymakers and program managers are continually seeking ways to improve accountability in achieving an entity's mission. A key factor in improving accountability in achieving an entity's mission is to implement an effective internal control system. An effective internal control system helps an entity adapt to shifting environments, evolving demands, changing risks, and new priorities. As programs change and entities strive to improve operational processes and implement new technology, management continually evaluates its internal control system so that it is effective and updated when necessary. Section 3512 (c) and (d) of Title 31 of the United States Code (commonly known as the Federal Managers' Financial Integrity Act (FMFIA)) requires the Comptroller General to issue standards for internal control in the federal government.
The Model Rules of Professional Conduct provides an up-to-date resource for information on legal ethics. Federal, state and local courts in all jurisdictions look to the Rules for guidance in solving lawyer malpractice cases, disciplinary actions, disqualification issues, sanctions questions and much more. In this volume, black-letter Rules of Professional Conduct are followed by numbered Comments that explain each Rule's purpose and provide suggestions for its practical application. The Rules will help you identify proper conduct in a variety of given situations, review those instances where discretionary action is possible, and define the nature of the relationship between you and your clients, colleagues and the courts.