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Several fragments of the Ascension of Moses have survived to the present, however, most of the work is likely lost forever. The Ascension of Moses is almost certainly the precursor to the Revelation of Metatron, in which Rabbi Ishmael was taken up to the sky by Metatron, the supreme archangel. In the Ascension of Moses, it was Moses who was taken up to the sky, and Metatron played a smaller role, although, clearly the same role in the Long Aramaic Revelation of Moses, which is the closest to Revelation of Metatron. In both the Long Aramaic Revelation of Moses and the Revelation of Metatron, Metatron identifies himself as Enoch, Moses' ancestor, which connects this clearly heretical Jewish work with the older Enochian literature. In the other surviving fragments, the connection is less clear, as is the cosmography of the seven skies, and it is, therefore, possible that there were several stages of textual development before the version that was redacted into the Revelation of Metatron. In the Revelation of Metatron, the role of Moses has been replaced by Rabbi Ishmael, a rabbi who lived in Palestine in the late-1st-century and early-2nd-century AD, however, his name was attached to most of the Merkabah literature in that circulated in Babylonia during between 400 and 1000 AD, and is universally considered to have been used to replace an earlier name. Chapter 15B of the Revelation of Metatron is itself an excerpt from the Ascension of Moses, which, if nothing else, proves that the Ascension has been viewed as an earlier copy of the Revelation since at least the 1000 AD, the latest the Revelation was likely to have been edited significantly. It is not clear when Metatron first appeared within Judaism, however, he was present before he became associated with Enoch, as the story of Samyaza and Azazel demonstrate, which is set in the era of Enoch's ancestor Enosh. In the story of Samyaza and Azazel, Metatron already existed as the messenger of the Lord, meaning, he existed as an angel within some form of archaic Judaism before he became Enoch incarnate in the Ascension of Moses. The claim that Enoch, a man, could become an angel, or archangel, or Prince of all the Princes, is itself heretical within Rabbinical Judaism, where angels are viewed as a separate form of life, based on fire, or ice, or electricity, or some combination of 'elements' but not flesh made of 'dust.' Therefore this was likely part of the heresy of Rabbi Elisha and does appear to be missing from the oldest fragment, the Short Aramaic Revelation of Moses. The story of Samyaza and Azazel, which like the Yiddish Ascension of Moses is a Yiddish story found among the Chronicles of Jarahmeel, also appears to be a very ancient story bordering about as close as a Jew could get to polytheism without actually crossing that imaginary line. It is included as an appendix as is seems relevant to the question of Metatron's origin within Judaism, however, it is its treatment of Astarah that reveals its true age. The name is a variation of Asherah, who is mentioned many times in the Hebrew Bible, generally in association with Ba'al. Her worship was banned by King Josiah in the Hebrew Book of Kings when he banned the worship of Ba'al and the armies of the sky (hosts of heaven). Archaeological evidence has proven that Jews (or possibly Essenes) continued to worship Asherah until the 6th century BC, during the early Persians era, which is missing from the Talmud's records.
The Revelation of Metatron is a medieval Jewish work, that claims to have been written in the late-2nd century AD by Rabbi Ishmael 'the High Priest.' It is known by various names, including the Sepher Hekhalot (Book of the Palaces), the 3rd Book of Enoch, and the Book of Rabbi Ishmael the High Priest, although its most common name, is the Revelation of Metatron. The earliest name for the work was likely the Sepher Hekhalot (Book of the Palaces), however, all copies have been so reworked that it cannot be known for sure. It is clear that Rabbi Ishmael did not write it, and his name, which is in almost every verse, was inserted to replace another name that the medieval publisher did not want associated with the book. Rabbi Ishmael was the author of the book called Hekhalot Rabbati (Greater Palaces) sometime between 100 and 130 AD, and his name was late used as a pseudonym by many authors of Merkabah literature between 200 and 1000 AD. Several fragments of the Ascension of Moses have survived to the present, however, most of the work is likely lost forever. The Ascension of Moses is almost certainly the precursor to the Revelation of Metatron, in which Rabbi Ishmael was taken up to the sky by Metatron, the supreme archangel. In the Ascension of Moses, it was Moses who was taken up to the sky, and Metatron played a smaller role, although, clearly the same role in the Long Aramaic Revelation of Moses, which is the closest to Revelation of Metatron. In both the Long Aramaic Revelation of Moses and the Revelation of Metatron, Metatron identifies himself as Enoch, Moses' ancestor, which connects this clearly heretical Jewish work with the older Enochian literature. In the other surviving fragments, the connection is less clear, as is the cosmography of the seven skies, and it is, therefore, possible that there were several stages of textual development before the version that was redacted into the Revelation of Metatron. In the Revelation of Metatron, the role of Moses has been replaced by Rabbi Ishmael, a rabbi who lived in Palestine in the late-1st-century and early-2nd-century AD, however, his name was attached to most of the Merkabah literature in that circulated in Babylonia during between 400 and 1000 AD, and is universally considered to have been used to replace an earlier name. Chapter 15B of the Revelation of Metatron is itself an excerpt from the Ascension of Moses, which, if nothing else, proves that the Ascension has been viewed as an earlier copy of the Revelation since at least the 1000 AD, the latest the Revelation was likely to have been edited significantly. The story of Samyaza and Azazel, which like the Yiddish Ascension of Moses is a Yiddish story found among the Chronicles of Jarahmeel, also appears to be a very ancient story bordering about as close as a Jew could get to polytheism without actually crossing that imaginary line. It is included as an appendix as is seems relevant to the question of Metatron's origin within Judaism, however, it is its treatment of Astarah that reveals its true age. The name is a variation of Asherah, who is mentioned many times in the Hebrew Bible, generally in association with Ba'al. Her worship was banned by King Josiah in the Hebrew Book of Kings when he banned the worship of Ba'al and the armies of the sky (hosts of heaven). Archaeological evidence has proven that Jews (or possibly Essenes) continued to worship Asherah until the 6th century BC, during the early Persians era, which is missing from the Talmud's records.
The book of Dream Vision appears to been compiled from an older Canaanite text in the early Persian era and was likely attached to the Astronomical Book from the beginning. The book of Dreams and Visions is likely the first attempt to retell the history of the world from the point of view of sheep. In this case Israeli sheep, who had to contend with Egyptian wolves, Philistine dogs, Babylonian lions, and Persian eagles. The Astronomical Book was written from the view of Methuselah, Enoch's son, which Dream Visions continues, however, the majority of the text could not date to before the early Persian era. The first six chapters of the book seem like it was attached to the Astronomical Book, along with the beginning of chapter 7, which includes the vision of the sky collapsing and the earth being flooded. This vision of Noah's flood matches the description of the world found in the Astronomical Book, which includes a solid sky above the world, with water above it. After Noah and his three bull sons survived the flood, the species switched from bulls to sheep, indicating the likely point where the original text was extended. These sheep then live out the general history of the Israelites found in the Torah, and some other early Hebrew texts found in the Tanakh (Old Testament). There are a few points where the book of Dream Visions deviates from the other Hebrew texts in a few specific places, such as claiming that the Israelites were descendants of Japheth instead of Shem. Chapters 7 and 8 are both very long in comparison to the first six chapters, supporting the idea that they were an extension to the original work, however, they end with the Persian eagles being destroyed by a God, referred to as the Lord of Sheep, coming down from the sky and slaughtering the Persians and their allies, and then rebuilding a better temple than the temple that was being worshiped at. The author's view of the temple and the priests that were sent out from it show that he (or she) was not associated with the temple, and viewed the priests as corrupt, a common sentiment expressed in Second Temple era texts.
The five books of Enoch are a collection of books written in Semitic languages, and often grouped together as the 'Book of Enoch,' or '1st Enoch.' The books were likely written at different points in time and different Semitic languages. The first book was the Book of the Watchers, which is generally considered to be the oldest book in the collection, however, the age of the book is debated. The book is now known to have originated long before Christianity since the discovery of the Dead Sea Scrolls, however, was lost for well over a thousand years to Europeans, and assumed to be a Christian-era work when the Europeans rediscovered it in Ethiopia. The five books of Enoch only survive in Ge'ez, the classical language of Ethiopia, however, do not survive intact, and some sections of text do not survive. Other books attributed to Enoch, including the Secrets of Enoch, which is also called the 2nd Book of Enoch, however, is not the same text as the Semitic 2nd Book of Enoch. The Secrets of Enoch has only survived in the Old Slavonic language in the Balkan Peninsula and may be a partial paraphrase of the Book of the Watchers. Another text attributed to Enoch is the Revelation of Metatron, also called the Revelation of Metatron, Book of the Palaces, Book of Rabbi Ishmael the High Priest, or the 3rd Book of Enoch, however, is not the same text as the Ethiopian 3rd Book of Enoch, or any section of the Semitic books of Enoch. The Revelation of Metatron is written as a sequel to the first five books of Enoch and is written from the perspective of Enoch in the sky, where his angelic name was Metatron. The Revelation of Metatron appears to have been written in Hebrew but includes several Greek and Latin words that have led scholars to assume the text is a Jewish text written in the Christian era. The Revelation of Metatron is a medieval Jewish work, that claims to have been written in the late-2nd century AD by Rabbi Ishmael 'the High Priest.' It is known by various names, including the Sepher Hekhalot (Book of the Palaces), the 3rd Book of Enoch, and the Book of Rabbi Ishmael the High Priest, although its most common name, is the Revelation of Metatron. The earliest name for the work was likely the Sepher Hekhalot (Book of the Palaces), however, all copies have been so reworked that it cannot be known for sure. It is clear that Rabbi Ishmael did not write it, and his name, which is in almost every verse, was inserted to replace another name that the medieval publisher did not want associated with the book. Rabbi Ishmael was the author of the book called Hekhalot Rabbati (Greater Palaces) sometime between 100 and 130 AD, and his name was late used as a pseudonym by many authors of Merkabah literature between 200 and 1000 AD.
The Apocalypse of Moses is the Greek version of the Life of Adam and Eve. The original version is believed to have been written in a Semitic language, as there as terms transliterated into Greek from a Semitic language, however, it is not known positively which language, as the original text is lost, and so far, no fragments have been found among the Dead Sea Scrolls that can be firmly linked to it. The closest text discovered to date among the Dead Sea Scrolls would be the Genesis Apocryphon scroll, written in Aramaic and generally dated to between 37 BC to 50 AD. The original language of the Apocalypse of Moses was likely also Aramaic, as demonstrated by the use of the name Iah (Jah), which is found more commonly in Aramaic language books, like Tobit. A number of references circumstantially date the original work to the era when the Greeks ruled Judea, between 330 and 140 BC. The reference to Iah is itself evidence of a pre-Hasmonean origin, as the Hasmoneans’ authorized’ version of the Hebrew texts appear to have redacted Iah (יה) to Yahweh (יהוה) when they converted the Jews from the Canaanite (Samaritan/Paleo-Hebrew) script to the Assyrian (Hebrew) script. The name Iah (Jah) does show up in many ancient names, such as Josiah, and phrases such as Hallelujah, implying it was once widely accepted as the name of (a) God, however, virtually disappeared from the Hebrew scriptures at some point, likely during the Hasmonean redaction and standardization circa 140 BC. The reference to Lord Sabaoth (κυρίῳ σαβαωθ) is another indicator of a pre-Hasmonean origin for the text. Lord Sabaoth was the Major-General of the Lord God’s army that helped Joshua destroy the walls of Jericho in the Septuagint’s Book of Joshua. There are many references to Lord Sabaoth, the ‘Lord of War’ in the Greek era, however, during the early Hasmonean era, he became an epitaph of Iaw (Yahweh) the national God of Hasmonean Judea: Iaw Sabaoth (יהוה צבאות). The Hasmoneans redacted Lord Sabaoth from the Book of Joshua, replacing him with Yahweh (יהוה), meaning that Yahweh was the Major-General of his own army in the Masoretic version of Joshua. According to later-Hasmonean records, Yahweh Sabaoth became the Jewish version of Dionysus or Bacchus, a god of war, wine, and lust, before he was abandoned during the formation of the Pharisee sect, who rejected the pronunciation of any of the names of God.
In this book, Paul Crittenden offers a critical guide to the problematic origins of biblical teaching about the afterlife and the way in which it was subsequently developed by Church authorities and theologians—Origen, Augustine, and Thomas Aquinas in particular. In the post–Reformation era the focus falls on the challenges set by modern secularism. The tradition encompasses a body of interconnected themes: an apocalyptic war in which the Kingdom of God triumphs over Satan’s powers of darkness; salvation in Christ; the immortality of the soul; and finally the resurrection of the dead and the last judgment, ratifying an afterlife of eternal bliss for the morally good and punishment in hell for wrongdoers. The critique questions these beliefs on evidential, ethical, and philosophical grounds. The argument overall is that what lies beyond death is beyond knowledge. The one fundamental truth that can be distilled from the once compelling body of Christian eschatological belief—for believers and unbelievers alike—is the importance of living ethically.
"Who are the fallen angels? Elizabeth Clare Prophet tears the mask from the ancient deceivers of mankind, exposing their profile of evil and tracing it back to the fall of heavenly angels into human bodies. This important book shares what early texts had to say about the existence of fallen angels and takes us behind the world of appearances to explore a perspective that is shocking yet profoundly hopeful. You will learn about the strategies and tactics of the fallen angels and how they amass power and control as well as the unparalleled opportunities we have today to create great transformation in times of intense challenge and change."
When we conjure up the idea of the devil and the demonic hordes in our mind, we are often thinking in the context of how Christianity has portrayed them. The devil and his supposed horns, the Exorcist's battle with the demon possessed, the inverted cross, the Osculum infame (The Infamous kiss) or the Black Mass in which a young woman is sacrificed to Satan. All these are mostly influenced by Christian ideas in some way or another. The Prominence of Christianity in the study of demonology cannot be denied. There is, however, a lesser-known branch of demonology. One that has not been Christianized, yet Christians too have been informed by it. It is far older than Christianity, one that traces it roots back to the dawn of humanity. A demonology that is little known, yet invaluable for those of us in the Occult. It is the demonological ideas found within the Hebrew tradition. The Hebrew demonic tradition It is not as popular ONLY because no one has been able to bring all the pieces together, nor have they the ability to translate the source material from Aramaic and Hebrew to English. Most reiterate what has already been written, but with no foundational knowledge. In this book, I look to remedy that. This is not a boast, I am simply stating the facts. The Hebrew tradition has a rich and powerful Demonological tradition that is often not spoken of, even amongst kabbalists in fear that the demons and their minions will taint them or bring them bad luck. It is for this reason certain Jewish groups inundate their homes with magical talismans warding off the evil eye, the demoness Lilith and even the great demon Ashmodei (Asmodeus). In this book, I will take you through an academic and magickal journey through the Sitra Achra; the other side of the light as it is understood in the Hebrew tradition. You will not only learn, but you will experience.**Please note, this is not a book on the history of Hebrew or Jewish magick, although it will contain magick rites in it. This book is an elucidation on how the Hebrew tradition views demons and ghosts.** In this book you will learn: How the demonic idea developed, starting with the Old Testament and prior to.We will examine several demons and ghostly figures and their natures as told and experienced by the Great Rabbinic sages of the Talmud and the Kabbalah.You will learn the varying classes of demons and malignant spirits.We all know Lilith, but there are a few other female demonesses that we will encounter on this journey. Some you may have never heard of before.I will explain how the concept of the Sitra Achra unfolded at the moment of creation. You will learn how the Klippot came to be and their true nature. They are the husks of the Sitra Achra, the shards of the Sefirot. I will guide you through the various Hebrew and Aramaic texts that have been a stumbling block to most when approaching this topic.Finally, I will present five meditations and rituals you can use to romance the forces of the Sitra Achra.Let us begin.
A radical reexamination of Western history that suggests the descendants of Moses were the architects of the rise of the Roman Church and the ancestors of European aristocracy • Answers the inexplicable disappearance of all mention of Moses’s descendants from the Bible • Reveals the key role played by Josephus Flavius in shaping early Christianity • Explains the connection of this secret priesthood to modern secret societies like the Freemasons After the book of Exodus, Moses’s two sons and numerous descendants all vanish from the Bible. Flavio Barbiero’s investigation of this strange absence and his study of the centuries-long power struggle between the priestly families fighting for control of the Temple of Jerusalem starts with the rebellion against Rome--and the emergence of Josephus Flavius, one of Moses’s descendants, on the world stage. In AD 70 when the Temple in Jerusalem was destroyed by Titus Flavius and thousands of Jewish priests were exterminated, Josephus, now bearing his sponsor’s last name, followed Titus Flavius to Rome with at least 250 relatives and friends. Here they were made Roman citizens but then subsequently disappeared from recorded history. Barbiero’s careful study of early Christianity shows, however, that these surviving members of Moses’s high-priest lineage succeeded in taking control of the nascent Roman Church and masterminded its extraordinary success. Using a wide range of evidence drawn from fields as disparate as archaeology, heraldry, and genetics, Barbiero shows how these descendants of Moses used the cult of Mithras to eventually seize control of the secular Roman authority as well. He then follows, step by step, the spread of the members of this secret priestly elite into what was to become the aristocracy of medieval Europe and how their influence continues to be felt in modern secret societies like Freemasonry.