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This book explores the interface between speech perception and production through a longitudinal acoustic analysis of the speech of postlingually deaf adults with cochlear implants (electrode and computer prostheses for the inner ear in cases of nerve deafness). The methodology is based on the work of Joseph Perkell at MIT, replicating and extending analysis to subjects with modern digital cochlear implants and processor technology. Lowenstein also examines how cochlear implants are portrayed in dramatic and documentary television programs, the scientific accuracy of those portrayals, and what expectations might be taken away by viewers, particularly given modern society's view that technology can overcome the frailties of the human body.
This book explores the interface between speech perception and production through a longitudinal acoustic analysis of the speech of postlingually deaf adults with cochlear implants (electrode and computer prostheses for the inner ear in cases of nerve deafness). The methodology is based on the work of Joseph Perkell at MIT, replicating and extending analysis to subjects with modern digital cochlear implants and processor technology. Lowenstein also examines how cochlear implants are portrayed in dramatic and documentary television programs, the scientific accuracy of those portrayals, and what expectations might be taken away by viewers, particularly given modern society's view that technology can overcome the frailties of the human body.
Natural and Artificial Control of Hearing and Balance
In our ageing society, healthcare is in demand. This gives rise to the healthcare robot solution to carry out simple tasks such as medication reminders. The robot communicates with its patients through its text-to-speech system, and therefore makes it imperative for the synthetic voice to be intelligible, especially for the hearing impaired. In this thesis, we have created 4 sets of new New Zealand English voices using statistical synthesis to be used on the healthcare robot, adding to the existing diphone voice. To make these voices more intelligible for the hearing impaired, we need to understand the sounds they have trouble with, and what sounds they hear instead. Three intelligibility tests in varying complexity of phonetic intelligibility have been designed to tease out how well the hearing impaired can identify frequent consonants in English as well as one quality test to see how they feel about the voices. The tests were carried out in the form of a web-based survey using the diphone voice, one of the statistical voices created using the HMM method and one or two natural voice depending on the test. We were able to gather 160 complete responses, more than half of which experience hearing loss. We found that while participants preferred the natural voice over the synthetic voices, intelligibility wise it depends on the complexity of the phonetic environment. The diphone synthetic voice seems to fare the best when the words are unfamiliar and complex, such as medication names, whereas the natural voice performs the worst in complex environment, but more easily recognisable in familiar context. For more in-depth analysis on the phonemic level, new visualisation tools were developed to evaluate the sounds and confusions made by the hearing impaired participants in comparison with their normal hearing counterparts. These tools and the tests designed to evaluate synthetic voices can give us insight to what can be done to enhance these voices and make them more intelligible.
Clinical Observation: A Guide for Students in Speech, Language, and Hearing provides structure and focus for students completing pre-clinical or early clinical observation as required by the American Speech-Language-Hearing Association (ASHA). Whether used in a course on observation and clinical processes, or as a self-guide to the observation process, this practical hands-on workbook will give a clear direction for guided observations and provide students with an understanding of what they are observing, why it is relevant, and how these skills serve as a building-block to their future role as clinicians. With clear and concise language, this reader friendly guide includes a quick review of background knowledge for each aspect of the clinical process, exercises and activities to check understanding and guide observation, and questions for reflection to help students apply their observation to their current studies and their future work as speech-language pathologists. This journaling process will help students connect what they observe with the knowledge they have gained from classes, textbooks, and journal articles. Thought provoking activities may be completed, revisited, and redone, and multiple activities are provided for each observation. This is a must-have resource for supervisors, students, and new clinicians. Clinical Observation: A Guide for Students in Speech, Language, and Hearing reviews the principles of good practice covering ASHA’s Big Nine areas of competency.
2015 BMA Medical Book Awards Highly Commended in Surgical Specialties Category! Now in its 6th edition, Cummings Otolaryngology remains the world's most detailed and trusted source for superb guidance on all facets of head and neck surgery. Completely updated with the latest minimally invasive procedures, new clinical photographs, line drawings, and new surgical videos, this latest edition equips you to implement all the newest discoveries, techniques, and technologies that are shaping patient outcomes. Be certain with expert, dependable, accurate answers for every stage of your career from the most comprehensive, multi-disciplinary text in the field! Overcome virtually any clinical challenge with detailed, expert coverage of every area of head and neck surgery, authored by hundreds of leading luminaries in the field. Experience clinical scenarios with vivid clarity through a heavily illustrated, full-color format which includes approximately 3,200 images and over 40 high quality procedural videos. Get truly diverse perspectives and worldwide best practices from a multi-disciplinary team of contributors and editors comprised of the world's leading experts. Glean all essential, up-to-date, need-to-know information. All chapters have been meticulously updated; several extensively revised with new images, references, and content. Stay at the forefront of your field with the most updated information on minimally-invasive surgical approaches to the entire skull base, vestibular implants and vestibular management involving intratympanic and physical therapy-based approaches, radiosurgical treatment of posterior fossa and skull base neoplasms, and intraoperative monitoring of cranial nerve and CNS function. Apply the latest treatment options in pediatric care with new chapters on pediatric sleep disorders, pediatric infectious disease, and evaluation and management of the infant airway. Find what you need faster through a streamlined format, reorganized chapters, and a color design that expedites reference. Manage many of the most common disorders with treatment options derived from their genetic basis. Assess real-world effectiveness and costs associated with emergent technologies and surgical approaches introduced to OHNS over the past 10 years. Incorporate recent findings about endoscopic, microscopic, laser, surgically-implantable, radiosurgical, neurophysiological monitoring, MR- and CT-imaging, and other timely topics that now define contemporary operative OHNS. Take it with you anywhere! With Expert Consult, you'll have access the full text, video clips, and more online, and as an eBook - at no additional cost!
Cochlear implants have instigated a popular but controversial revolution in the treatment of deafness. This book discusses the physiological bases of using artificial devices to electrically stimulate the brain to interpret sounds. As the first successful device to restore neural function, the cochlear implant serves as a model for research in neuroscience and biomedical engineering. These and other auditory prostheses are discussed in the context of historical treatments, engineering, psychophysics and clinical issues as well as implications for speech, behavior, cognition and long-term effects on people.
Evidence suggests that medical innovation is becoming increasingly dependent on interdisciplinary research and on the crossing of institutional boundaries. This volume focuses on the conditions governing the supply of new medical technologies and suggest that the boundaries between disciplines, institutions, and the private and public sectors have been redrawn and reshaped. Individual essays explore the nature, organization, and management of interdisciplinary R&D in medicine; the introduction into clinical practice of the laser, endoscopic innovations, cochlear implantation, cardiovascular imaging technologies, and synthetic insulin; the division of innovating labor in biotechnology; the government- industry-university interface; perspectives on industrial R&D management; and the growing intertwining of the public and proprietary in medical technology.
This book describes how human hearing works and how to build machines that analyze sounds in the same way that people do.