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Con muchas aclaraciones de Ensayo y Crítica Literaria, o la (lettera y tur) -arte de la palabra o arte de la letra- para enriquecer más aun sus escondidos tesoros del conocimiento, que cada persona tiene guardada en lo profundo de su corazón, como una reserva especial para los momentos de convivencia con los seres más queridos. Asimismo lo importantes son, llegar a comprender un ínfimo por ciento de las riquezas literarias, entonces la comunicación entre los seres humanos seria más agradables. Y con certeza que maravilloso seria avenirse sin distinción de raza ni lengua, ni credo religioso y color, sino tan solo apreciar con la lettera y tur a los oídos de cada prójimo, y luego salir a la luz para demostrar las riquezas que llevamos por dentro cada ser humano. Además de todos, el dominio del idioma y la cultura si es posible colectivamente, es lo imprescindible en las profesiónes como Políticos y de los Credo Religiosos, pero también el adepto puede adquirir estos principiando en la educación y el estudio de la observación, depurándose en la práctica constantemente para lograr el objetivo. Como el dominio del idioma, la cultura, y perseverar siempre con el buen gusto de la inspiración con sus buenas intenciones.
Spanish Poetry of the Grupo Poético de 1927 is an anthology of poems by members of Grupo Poético de 1927, an association of poets who sought to detach poetry from non-poetic elements such as narrative, anecdote, political or social preoccupations, or didacticism. Seven poets are represented: Pedro Salinas, Jorge Guillén, Gerardo Diego, Federico García Lorca, Vicente Aleixandre, Rafael Alberti, and Luis Cernuda. This text consists of eight chapters and begins with an introduction to changing trends in poetry in Spain between 1918 and the present. Biographical notes are included to show the effect (or lack of effect) of these movements on the individual poets. Movements such as ultraismo and maestria are discussed, along with the tercentenary of the death of Spanish poet Luis de Góngora, the crisis suffered by the Grupo, and late developments in the poets of the Grupo. The chapters that follow focus on the works of the Grupo poets. This book is written specifically for sixth-formers and undergraduates, as well as anyone with an interest in Spanish poetry.
This handbook brings together 42 contributions by leading narratologists devoted to the study of narrative devices in European literatures from antiquity to the present. Each entry examines the use of a specific narrative device in one or two national literatures across the ages, whether in successive or distant periods of time. Through the analysis of representative texts in a range of European languages, the authors compellingly trace the continuities and evolution of storytelling devices, as well as their culture-specific manifestations. In response to Monika Fludernik’s 2003 call for a "diachronization of narratology," this new handbook complements existing synchronic approaches that tend to be ahistorical in their outlook, and departs from postclassical narratologies that often prioritize thematic and ideological concerns. A new direction in narrative theory, diachronic narratology explores previously overlooked questions, from the evolution of free indirect speech from the Middle Ages to the present, to how changes in narrative sequence encoded the shift from a sacred to a secular worldview in early modern Romance literatures. An invaluable new resource for literary theorists, historians, comparatists, discourse analysts, and linguists.
This volume presents a reasoned study of the discourse connectives of attainment of the French language. For the most part, the studies on connectives are based on referentialist descriptive frameworks, which are sustained more or less explicitly on what we have called the general problem of causality, the epistemological foundation of a scientific paradigm which has been used for centuries but which, in our opinion, is now outdated. In the first place, we have submitted this old paradigm to critical debate, showing the limits of its scientific validity. Next, we have placed ourselves in a non-referentialist linguistic framework, the Theory of Argumentation in the Language-System, developed by the French linguist Oswald Ducrot, in which we have formulated a new descriptive proposal for discourse connectives, taking into account both the argumentative configuration and the polyphonic configuration of each of the discourse dynamics generated around a given connective. We have described the argumentative configuration in terms of semantic blocks, and the polyphonic configuration in terms of discourse algorithms, original and innovative heuristic instruments with which we attempt to stimulate a new approach to language more in line with the general scientific approaches of the 21st century, and with the new scientific paradigm which is currently valid.
Mexico's Reforma, the mid-nineteenth-century liberal revolution, decisively shaped the country by disestablishing the Catholic Church, secularizing public affairs, and laying the foundations of a truly national economy and culture. The Lawyer of the Church is an examination of the Mexican clergy's response to the Reforma through a study of the life and works of Bishop Clemente de Jesús Munguía (1810-68), one of the most influential yet least-known figures of the period. By analyzing how Munguía responded to changing political and intellectual scenarios in defense of the clergy's legal prerogatives and social role, Pablo Mijangos y González argues that the Catholic Church opposed the liberal revolution not because of its supposed attachment to a bygone past but rather because of its efforts to supersede colonial tradition and refashion itself within a liberal yet confessional state. With an eye on the international influences and dimensions of the Mexican church-state conflict, The Lawyer of the Church also explores how Mexican bishops gradually tightened their relationship with the Holy See and simultaneously managed to incorporate the papacy into their local affairs, thus paving the way for the eventual "Romanization" of Mexican Catholicism during the later decades of the century.
Since the publication of the still very valuable Biblioteca histórica de la filología by Cipriano Muñoz y Manzano, conde de la Viñaza (Madrid, 1893), our knowledge of the history of the study of the Spanish language has grown considerably, and most manuscript and secondary sources had never been tapped before Hans-Josef Niederehe of the University of Trier courageously undertook the task to bring together any available bibliographical information together with much more recent research findings, scattered in libraries, journals and other places. The resulting Bibliografía cronológica de la lingüística, la gramática y la lexicografía del español: Desde los principios hasta el año 1600 (BICRES) began appearing in 1994. BICRES I covered the period from the early beginnings to 1600), followed by BICRES II (1601–1700), BICRES III (1701–1800), and together with Miguel Ángel Esparza Torres of Madrid there followed BICRES IV (1801 to 1860). Now, the fifth volume, has become available, covering the years from 1861 to 1899. Access to the bibliographical information of altogether 5,272 titles is facilitated by several detailed indexes, such as a short title index, a listing of printers, publishers and places of production, and an author index. More than twenty years of research in the major libraries of Spain and other European countries have gone into this unique work — relative sources of the Americas have also been covered — making it exhaustive source for any serious scholar of any possible aspect of the Spanish language.