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Recent declines in the abundance of salmon in the Arctic-Yukon-Kuskokwim (AYK) region of western Alaska have created hardships for the people and communities who depend on this resource. In 2002, the AYK Sustainable Salmon Initiative (SSI) was created to undertake research to understand the reasons for this decline and to help support sustainable management in the region. This report makes recommendations for developing the research that the AYK SSI science plan should be based on, and relates the development of a restoration plan to the results of that research.
The Arctic-Yukon-Kuskokwim (AYK) region covers a vast area encompassing the entire drainage areas of the Yukon and Kuskokwim Rivers and northern rivers and coastal waters of the Bering, Chukchi, and Beaufort Seas. The region is characterized by small villages within the traditional territories of Inupiaq, Yup'ik, and Athabascan people, whose residents depend today, as they have for countless generations, on subsistence fishing for a major portion of their livelihood. Throughout more recent history, commercial fisheries for salmon, crab, whitefish, and other species also sustain local economies and are economically intertwined with subsistence fisheries for many families. Fisheries management in this region is extremely challenging due to the mixed stock origin of most fisheries, the remoteness, complexity, and vast size of the major river drainages, U.S./Canada Treaty agreements for the Yukon River, and the interdependence of subsistence and commercial fisheries. The suite of proposed projects in this report would provide necessary research and support management activities within the region. For the Arctic area, five salmon projects, one crab-related project, and two general management support projects are proposed. For the Yukon area, four research projects are proposed to improve understanding of chum and coho salmon, whitefish, and lamprey populations important for commercial and subsistence fisheries. For the Kuskokwim area, 13 projects for salmon and whitefish assessments and two general support projects are proposed, many of which would extend ongoing research and management activities in need of more stable sources of funding.