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The book presents the theoretical background of building physics, dealing with the evaluation of physical phenomena related to heat transfer and energy use in buildings, water and water vapour transfer in building structures, daylighting and electric lighting of buildings, sound transmission in building structures and protection against noise, the occurrence and spread of fires in buildings and the thermal response of cities. It contains numerical and computational evaluation methods, numerous computational case studies and examples of experimental analyses. The book demonstrates that the considered physical processes affect the quality of living and working comfort in indoor and outdoor environment.
This book offers a comprehensive presentation of the most important phenomena in building physics: heat transfer, moisture/humidity, sound/acoustics and illumination. As the book is primarily aimed at engineers, it addresses technical issues with the necessary pragmatism and incorporates many practical examples and related international standards. In order to ensure a complete understanding, it also explains the underlying physical principles and relates them to practical aspects in a simple and clear manner. The relationships between the various phenomena of building physics are clarified through consistent cross-referencing of formulas and ideas. The second edition features both new and revised sections on topics such as energy balance, solar gain, ventilation, road traffic and daylighting and takes into account new developments in international standards. It newly features almost 200 illustrations and 21 videos worth of supplementary material. The book is primarily aimed at students of civil engineering and architecture, as well as scientists and practitioners in these fields who wish to deepen or broaden their knowledge of topics within building physics.
Note: New editions of this book have been published: the 2nd edition in 2012, the 3rd edition in 2017, and the 4th edition in September 2023. Bad experiences with construction quality, the energy crises of 1973 and 1979, complaints about 'sick buildings', thermal, acoustical, visual and olfactory discomfort, the move towards more sustainability, have all accelerated the development of a field, which until 35 years ago was hardly more than an academic exercise: building physics. Through the application of existing physical knowledge and the combination with information coming from other disciplines, the field helps to understand the physical performance of building parts, buildings and the built environment, and translates it into correct design and construction. This book is the result of thirty years teaching, research and consultancy activity of the author. The book discusses the theory behind the heat and mass transport in and through building components. Steady and non steady state heat conduction, heat convection and thermal radiation are discussed in depth, followed by typical building-related thermal concepts such as reference temperatures, surface film coefficients, the thermal transmissivity, the solar transmissivity, thermal bridging and the periodic thermal properties. Water vapour and water vapour flow and moisture flow in and through building materials and building components is analyzed in depth, mixed up with several engineering concepts which allow a first order analysis of phenomena such as the vapour balance, the mold, mildew and dust mites risk, surface condensation, sorption, capillary suction, rain absorption and drying. In a last section, heat and mass transfer are combined into one overall model staying closest to the real hygrothermal response of building components, as observed in field experiments. The book combines the theory of heat and mass transfer with typical building engineering applications. The line from theory to application is dressed in a correct and clear way. In the theory, oversimplification is avoided. This book is the result of thirty years teaching, research and consultancy activity of the author.
Bad experiences with construction quality, the energy crises of 1973 and 1979,complaints about `sick buildings?, thermal, acoustical, visual and olfactory discomfort, the need for good air quality, the move towards more sustainability ? all these have accelerated the development of a field that, for a long time, was hardly more than an academic exercise: building physics. The discipline embraces domains such as heat and mass transfer, building acoustics, lighting, indoor environmental quality and energy efficiency. In some countries, fire safety is also included. Through the application of physical knowledge and its combination with information coming from other disciplines, the field helps to understand the physical phenomena governing building parts, building envelope, whole building and built environment performance, although for the last the wording `urban physics? is used. Building physics has a real impact on performance-based building design. This volume on `Applied Building Physics? discusses the heat, air and moisture performance metrics that affect building design, construction and retrofitting.
The energy transition is one of the key approaches in the effort to halt climate changes, and it has become even more essential in the light of the recent COVID-19 pandemic. Fostering the energy efficiency and the energy independence of the building sector is a focal aim to move towards a decarbonized society. In this context, building physics and building energy systems are fundamental disciplines based on applied physics applications in civil, architectural, and environmental engineering, including technical themes related to the planning of energy and the environment, diagnostic methods, and mitigating techniques. This Special Issue contains information on experimental studies in the following research topics: renewable energy sources, building energy analysis, rational use of energy, heat transmission, heating and cooling systems, thermofluid dynamics, smart energy systems, and energy service management in buildings.
More than a decade in the making, this is a textbook of architecture rich with design techniques and useful for every architect whether a first-year students or experienced practicing architects. The book teaches the reader how to design by adapting to human needs and sensibilities, yet independently of any particular style. It explains much of what people instinctively know about architecture, and puts that knowledge for the first time in a concise, understandable form. There has not been such a book treating the very essence of architecture. Preface by the Prince of Wales
Building Physics: Lighting, Seeing in the Artificial Environment deals with basic principles of lighting as used in architecture, in building maintenance, and in an artificial environment. The book starts with the process of how humans see; the interaction of the eye and mind; and the effects of fatigue, visual disorders, and age. The phenomena of light are then discussed — how light behaves and how it is measured. Light and light waves beyond the visible spectrum are explained scientifically as being part of the electromagnetic spectrum within the 400 to 760 nm ranges. The different light sources are identified as daylight and artificial lights, with many types of lamps under the latter. As regards artificial lighting, a lighting fitting has two functions: redistributes luminescence properly and provides a suitable receptacle for the lamp. The requirements when using artificial or natural light in an exterior or interior setting are enumerated. The book also explains the specifications of the amount of light and how this amount is calculated. Interior lighting, both from artificial and natural sources, is comprehensively discussed, including issues such as discomfort glare, reflected glare, design and aesthetics, lighting requirements in different kinds of buildings, and flammability properties. The text also tackles exterior lighting including decorative floodlights, lighting for tunnels and underpasses, and special problem areas. Architects, engineers, electricians, interior designers, lighting technicians, environmentalists, and readers with interest in home decor will find this book useful.
Die Energiekrise der 1970er Jahre, häufig auftretende Feuchteprobleme, Klagen über das Sick-Building-Syndrom und mangelnden Komfort hinsichtlich Raumklima und Behaglichkeit und nicht zuletzt das Bemühen um Nachhaltigkeit haben die Bauphysik zu einem Innovationsmotor auf dem Gebäudesektor gemacht. Dabei war die gesellschaftliche Forderung nach Energieeinsparung in Gebäuden ohne Gebrauchseinschränkungen der Auslöser für die ganzheitliche Planung. Wie alle Ingenieurwissenschaften ist auch die Bauphysik anwendungsorientiert, weshalb sich nach einem ersten Buch über die Grundlagen das vorliegende zweite Buch mit den Hintergründen der Gebrauchstauglichkeit und den Anforderungen an Energieeffizienz in Gebäuden befasst. Außenklimabedingungen und Raumklimaberechnungen werden diskutiert, Energieverluste und -gewinne werden für Gebäude und separat für die Gebäudehülle untersucht. Die wichtigen physikalischen Eigenschaften für den gekoppelten Wärme- und Feuchtetransport durch Baukonstruktionen werden für zahlreiche Materialien aufgeführt. Für das Buch stützt sich der Autor auf seine Erfahrungen aus 35 Jahren Lehre der Bauphysik für Architekten und Bauingenieure und 40 Jahre Tätigkeit in der Forschung und als Beratender Ingenieur.
As the digital economy changes the rules of the game for enterprises, the role of software and IT architects is also transforming. Rather than focus on technical decisions alone, architects and senior technologists need to combine organizational and technical knowledge to effect change in their company’s structure and processes. To accomplish that, they need to connect the IT engine room to the penthouse, where the business strategy is defined. In this guide, author Gregor Hohpe shares real-world advice and hard-learned lessons from actual IT transformations. His anecdotes help architects, senior developers, and other IT professionals prepare for a more complex but rewarding role in the enterprise. This book is ideal for: Software architects and senior developers looking to shape the company’s technology direction or assist in an organizational transformation Enterprise architects and senior technologists searching for practical advice on how to navigate technical and organizational topics CTOs and senior technical architects who are devising an IT strategy that impacts the way the organization works IT managers who want to learn what’s worked and what hasn’t in large-scale transformation