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This volume presents the findings of a major international project on the application of radiocarbon dating to the Egyptian historical chronology. Researchers from the Universities of Oxford and Cranfield in the UK, along with a team from France, Austria and Israel, radiocarbon dated more than 200 Egyptian objects made from plant material from museum collections from all over the world. The results comprise an accurate scientifically based chronology of the kings of ancient Egypt obtained by the radiocarbon analysis of short-lived plant remains. The research sheds light on one of the most important periods of Egyptian history documenting the various rulers of Egypt's Old, Middle and New Kingdoms. Despite Egypt's historical significance, in the past the dating of events has been a contentious undertaking with Egyptologists relying on various chronologies made up from archaeological and historical records. The radiocarbon dates nail down a chronology that is broadly in line with previous estimates. However, they do rule out some chronologies that have been put forward particularly in the Old Kingdom, which is shown to be older than some scholars thought. The research has implications for the whole region because the Egyptian chronology anchors the timing of historical events in neighbouring areas tied to the reign of particular Egyptian kings. The results will allow for more historical comparisons to be made in countries like Libya and Sudan, which have conducted radiocarbon dating techniques on places of archaeological interest in the past.
Ami Mazar has gained a reputation as one of the most prolific and reliable archaeologists doing work in Israel during the last 40 years. Not only has he participated in and directed excavations at many sites, his professional standards are of the first order, and what's more, his publication record is enviable: he has never begun a new major project before the final publication of the previous excavation was well underway. Here, more than 55 colleagues gather to honor him with a wide range of essays, organized in 7 sections: I. Early Bronze Age Studies II. Middle and Late Bronze Age Studies III. Philistine/Sea Peoples Studies IV. Iron Age Studies V. Historical, Biblical, and Epigraphic Studies VI. Jerusalem Studies VII. Post-Iron Age Studies An international group of contributors includes: E. Braun, I. Finkelstein, D. Ussishkin, P. M. Fischer, R. Gophna, D. Gazit, R. Greenberg, P. de Miroschedji, B. Sass, M. Sebbane, E. Yannai, M. Artzy, M. Bietak, A. Caubet, M. Yon, T. Dothan, M. Jasmin, E. H. E. Lass, J.-C. Margueron, P. Matthiae, R. S. Merrillees, R. A. Mullins, A. F. Rainey, E. D. Oren, A. Gilboa, A. Cohen-Weinberger, Y. Goren, A. Maeir, I. Shai, S. Sherratt, L. E. Stager, E. Stern, O. Borowski, J. M. Cahill, W. G. Dever, A. Faust, S. Gitin, L. G. Herr, V. Karageorghis, A. E. Killebrew, R. Kletter, Z. Lederman, S. Bunimovitz, S. M. Ortiz, N. Panitz-Cohen, R. E. Tappy, D. Edelman, A. Fink, V. Fritz, A. Lemaire, W. M. Schniedewind, I. Singer, A. G. Vaughn, C. Dobler, E. Mazar, S. M. Paul, R. Reich, E. Shukron, J. R. Zorn, H. Eshel, B. Zissu, L. Horowitz, A. Kloner, E. M. Meyers, and S. A. Rosen.
Reflecting the breadth and interconnectedness of Professor Na'aman's research areas, this volume contains contributions on archaeology, ancient Near East (other than ancient Israel), Israel's ancient history and historiography, and biblical studies. --from publisher description.
Culinary Technology of the Ancient Near East discusses the technical aspects of meal preparation, cooking, and baking in the ancient Near East, exploring a wide range of topics including kitchens, cooking equipment, cooking and baking vessels, and serving and eating utensils. Chapters explore and describe the culinary technologies and techniques employed by the peoples of the ancient Near East from the Neolithic to the Early Roman period, considering their unique and pioneering contributions to the development and evolution of gastronomic devices and apparatus and highlighting some of the foods prepared by them, recognizing their application and influence in contemporary cooking and baking. Baker brings together in a single volume what is known about the culinary technology of the ancient Near East based on the archaeological, textual, historic, and scientific data drawn from a wide range of studies and discusses this data in terms of its cultural, historic, and socio-economic context. She emphasizes these technologies as the foundation upon which modern culinary technology is based and applies relevant ancient techniques to modern systems. Overall, the volume acknowledges the ingenuity of the ancient mind in order to understand their culinary technology, which in turn helps us better understand our own and apply these, and new, ideas to the present and future. This is a fascinating study suitable for students and scholars working on food and households in the ancient Near East, as well as those working on the history of food, cooking and dining, and the history of technology more broadly.
The Middle Bronze Age (MB IIA) in Canaan set the stage for many of the cultural, political, and economic institutions in the ancient Near East. Theoretical models for the analysis of complex societies examine textual, pictorial, and archaeological evidence.
Despite the large number of well-preserved domestic contexts in Bronze and Iron Age sites, household archaeology has not been a common approach to studying the material culture of Ancient Israel. Until recently, the dictates of “Biblical Archaeology” led to a narrow set of questions that ignored issues such as gender, status and production within the household. The present volume, which grew out of a session at the 2008 Annual Meeting of the American Schools of Oriental Research, attempts to redress this issue. The seventeen papers herein reflect innovative viewpoints on the theory and praxis of household archaeology in this region. The next step in household research is presented here, with the use of tailor-made data collection strategies designed to answer specific questions posed by household archaeology. "The neglect of households and the archaeology of the activities of its members are ambitiously attended to in this volume. Its exceptional breadth of various modes of inquiry coupled with the application thereof justifies the household as a topic of discussion. I would highly recommend this book for institutions, libraries, scholars, and students interested in any aspect of daily life in the southern Levant, and I very much look forward to the future research projects it will inspire." Cynthia Shafer-Elliot, William Jessup University "...as a whole the work is impressive, and most contributions are commendable for their sophistication in engaging interdisciplinary research in order to understand the nature and function of households in ancient Israel and surrounding areas." Carol Meyers, Duke University
This Handbook aims to serve as a research guide to the archaeology of the Levant, an area situated at the crossroads of the ancient world that linked the eastern Mediterranean, Anatolia, Mesopotamia, and Egypt. The Levant as used here is a historical geographical term referring to a large area which today comprises the modern states of Israel, Jordan, Lebanon, western Syria, and Cyprus, as well as the West Bank, Gaza Strip, and the Sinai Peninsula. Unique in its treatment of the entire region, it offers a comprehensive overview and analysis of the current state of the archaeology of the Levant within its larger cultural, historical, and socio-economic contexts. The Handbook also attempts to bridge the modern scholarly and political divide between archaeologists working in this highly contested region. Written by leading international scholars in the field, it focuses chronologically on the Neolithic through Persian periods - a time span during which the Levant was often in close contact with the imperial powers of Egypt, Anatolia, Assyria, Babylon, and Persia. This volume will serve as an invaluable reference work for those interested in a contextualised archaeological account of this region, beginning with the 'agricultural revolution' until the conquest of Alexander the Great that marked the end of the Persian period.
The history of Israel is a much-debated topic in Old Testament studies. On one side are minimalists who find little of historical value in the Hebrew Bible. On the other side are those who assume the biblical text is a precise historical record. Many serious students of the Bible find themselves between these two positions and would benefit from a careful exploration of issues in Israelite history. This substantive history of Israel textbook values the Bible's historical contribution without overlooking critical issues and challenges. Featuring the latest scholarship, the book introduces students to the current state of research on issues relevant to the study of ancient Israel. The editors and contributors, all top biblical scholars and historians, discuss historical evidence in a readable manner, using both canonical and chronological lenses to explore Israelite history. Illustrative items, such as maps and images, visually support the book's content. Tables and sidebars are also included.
This book contains pioneering research on aspects of society, culture and geography of rabbinic Torah centers in Palestine 70 400 CE. It surveys the history of the centers in their geographic and social context in chronological order.
The evolution and proliferation of plain and predominantly wheel-made pottery presents a characteristic feature of the societies of the Near East and Eastern Mediterranean since the fourth millennium B.C. This plain pottery has received little detailed archaeological attention in comparison to aesthetically more pleasing and chronologically sensitive decorated traditions. Yet, their simplicity and standardization suggest they are products of craft specialists, the result of high-volume production, and therefore important in understanding the social systems in early complex societies. This volume-reevaluates the role and significance of plain pottery traditions from both historically specific perspectives and from a comparative point of view;-examines the uses and functions of this pottery in relation to social negotiation and group identity formation;-helps scholars understand cross-regional similarities in development and use.