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Railway Transportation Systems covers the entire range of railway passenger systems, from conventional and high-speed intercity systems to suburban, regional, operating on steep gradients, and urban ones. It also examines in depth freight railway systems transporting conventional loads, heavy loads, and dangerous goods. For each system, the text provides a definition; an overview of its evolution and examples of good practice; the main design, construction, and operational characteristics; and the preconditions for its selection. Additionally, it offers a general overview of safety, interfaces with the environment, forces acting on the track, and techniques that govern the stability and guidance of railway vehicles. This new edition brings two new chapters. One concerns pre-feasibility studies of urban rail projects, and the other analyses the operation of railway systems under specific weather conditions and natural phenomena. New material examines dilemmas, trends and innovations in rail freight transportation; a new definition for high-speed rail; a number of case studies; and an update of cutting-edge technologies. It is ideal for graduate students, engineers, consultants, manufacturers, and transport company executives who need a reference and guide.
This interdisciplinary volume offers a timely reflection on law, development and economics through empirical and comparative perspectives on contemporary Myanmar. The book explores the business that takes place in times of major political change through law and development initiatives and foreign investment. The expert contributors to this volume identify the ways in which law reform creates new markets, embodies hopes of social transformation and is animated by economic gain. This book is an invitation to think carefully and critically about the intersection between law, development and economics in times of political transition. The chapters speak to a range of common issues - land rights, access to finance, economic development, the role of law including its potential and its limits, and the intersection between local actors, globalised ideas and the international community. This interdisciplinary book is for students, scholars and practitioners of law and development, Asian studies, political science and international relations.
This book shows how the overall impact of the penal policy agenda of the Coalition Government 2010-2015 has not led to the intended 'rehabilitation revolution', but austerity, outsourcing and punishment, designated here as 'punitive managerialism'. divThe policy of austerity has led to significant budget cuts in legal aid and court services which threaten justice. It has also led to staffing reductions and overcrowding in the prison system which threaten order and have undermined more positive work with prisoners. The outsourcing of prison and community-based offender services is based on untried method with uncertain results. The shift in orientation towards punishment is regrettable because it is essentially negative. The book notes that this move to punitive managerialism is located in the broader trend towards neo-liberalism. It concludes by attempting to articulate the parameters of an affordable and emotionally satisfying yet humane and rational penal policy.>
The region of Europe and Central Eurasia defined in this volume encompasses territory that extends from the Atlantic Coast of Europe to the Pacific Coast of the Russian Federation. It includes the British Isles, Iceland, and Greenland (a self- governing part of the Kingdom of Denmark). Included are mineral commodity outlook tables, plus global overview research for particularly commodities within a specific regions/countries are presented throughout the text. Manufacturers of these metals and commodities, along with trade brokers that may specialize in imports and exports, political scientists, and economists may also be interested in this volume. Students pursuing research on specific metals and mineral commodities for world economy courses may be interested in this volume.
The implicit topology of international institutional complexes varies greatly across policy areas. In some areas, the lion's share of everyday policy cooperation is shaped by a single institution with alternative and more regional institutions operating in its shadow. In other policy fields, institutional structures appear to be different, seeing a range of non-hierarchical, decentralized, alternative institutions. The Institutional Topology of International Regime Complexes: Mapping Inter-Institutional Structures in Global Governance provides a systematic conceptualization and explanation of the evolution of these varying institutional topologies underlying regime complexes across five issue areas of Global Governance: Intellectual Property Protection, Tax Avoidance, Financial Stability, Development Aid, and Energy Governance. By providing an empirically grounded, network-based conceptualization and mapping of institutional topologies, as well as a theoretical explanation for their variation across policy space and time, the book offers a comprehensive analysis of both the empirical manifestation of inter-institutional structures across various policy fields of Global Governance and the issue specific factors that shape the varying institutional trajectories spurring (de-) centralization. Daßler combines quantitative network analyses with qualitative case studies to trace institutional decentralization processes across five highly relevant issue areas of Global Governance. This volume shows how the nature of issue-specific cooperation problems translates into disparate structures among multilateral institutions occupying the same regime complex. In light of growing concerns about the future trajectories of Global Governance in times of heightened geopolitical tensions, Daßler offers a fresh perspective to comparatively capture the profoundly varying institutional landscapes across different issue areas and their associated challenges and benefits of multilateral cooperation. Transformations in Governance is a major academic book series from Oxford University Press. It is designed to accommodate the impressive growth of research in comparative politics, international relations, public policy, federalism, and environmental and urban studies concerned with the dispersion of authority from central states to supranational institutions, subnational governments, and public-private networks. It brings together work that advances our understanding of the organization, causes, and consequences of multilevel and complex governance. The series is selective, containing annually a small number of books of exceptionally high quality by leading and emerging scholars. The series is edited by Liesbet Hooghe and Gary Marks of the University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, and Walter Mattli of the University of Oxford.
This edition of the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Minerals Yearbook discusses the performance of the worldwide minerals and materials industries during year 2013 and provides background information to assist in interpreting that performance. These annual reviews are designed to provide timely statistical data on mineral commodities in various countries. This volume covers data from Asia and the Pacific. Each report includes sections on government policies and programs, environmental issues, trade and production data, industry structure and ownership, commodity sector developments, infrastructure, and a summary outlook. Audience: Government employees and contractors, as well as businesses and employees, all working in mineral-related trades, especially with interests in statistics about mineral commodities overseas, will find this resource invaluable.
Assumptions of inability and the perceived costs of employing disabled persons are two of the primary reasons why it has been impossible or difficult for many capable disabled persons to access work and to continue working. This book considers the South African legal framework that seeks to promote such access and critiques it with particular reference to the intersections of the rights to equality and access to social security. One of the primary arguments is the need for a more active conception of social security in which access to work for disabled persons is recognised as an integral component of promoting both social security and substantive equality.
This book examines the role of European Union (EU) agencies in the EU’s external border control policy, looking at how the empowerment of particular bodies has shaped the management of their external borders and influenced EU governance more broadly. Focusing on four key aspects of agency involvement – joint sea operations, information access, inter-agency cooperation, and international action – the book sheds light on the daily policy implementation and operational collaboration at the EU’s external borders and beyond. It finds that the agencies increasingly demonstrated the capacity to sway decision-making and implementation from within. This has led to a reduction in Member States’ policy autonomy, an increase in EU oversight over border management, and the institutionalisation of a common administrative capacity at the EU level, leading to a shift in the EU’s approach to border management towards integration. This book will be of key interest to scholars and students of border management, migration studies and asylum, EU administration and agencies, and more broadly European studies, international relations, and public administration.