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Animals have played a fundamental role in shaping human history, and the study of their remains from archaeological sites - zooarchaeology - has gradually been emerging as a powerful discipline and crucible for forging an understanding of our past. This Handbook offers a cutting-edge, global compendium of zooarchaeology that seeks to provide a holistic view of the role played by animals in past human cultures. Case studies from across five continents explore ahuge range of human-animal interactions from an array of geographical, historical, and cultural contexts, and also illuminate the many approaches and methods adopted by different schools and traditions instudying these relationships.
First published in 1965, The Culture and Civilisation of Ancient India in Historical Outline is a strikingly original work, the first real cultural history of India. The main features of the Indian character are traced back into remote antiquity as the natural outgrowth of historical process. Did the change from food gathering and the pastoral life to agriculture make new religions necessary? Why did the Indian cities vanish with hardly a trace and leave no memory? Who were the Aryans – if any? Why should Buddhism, Jainism, and so many other sects of the same type come into being at one time and in the same region? How could Buddhism spread over so large a part of Asia while dying out completely in the land of its origin? What caused the rise and collapse of the Magadhan empire; was the Gupta empire fundamentally different from its great predecessor, or just one more ‘oriental despotism’? These are some of the many questions handled with great insight, yet in the simplest terms, in this stimulating work. This book will be of interest to students of history, sociology, archaeology, anthropology, cultural studies, South Asian studies and ethnic studies.
For the first time ever, this book gives a full view of Harappan architecture and engineering. It begins with the history of the discovery of the Indus Civilisation, from Alexander Cunninghan, through Marshall to Wheeler and recent excavators. It delineates the genesis and growth of urban architecture of the Harappans through the various discoveries from about twenty sites in the Indian subcontinent. It discusses the Harappan settlement pattern, its distribution in different ecological zones, and the regional variation in their architectural edifices. The architectural genius of the Harappans has been elucidated by a thorough treatment of the various aspects of town planning, fortification, gateways, streets, lanes, houses, drainage system, bathing floors, platforms for houses. The outstanding buildings such as the Great Bath, the granaries at Mohenjodaro and Harappa and the College Building at Mohenjodaro have been discussed in great detail.
Here, at last, is the massively updated and augmented second edition of this landmark encyclopedia. It contains approximately 1000 entries dealing in depth with the history of the scientific, technological and medical accomplishments of cultures outside of the United States and Europe. The entries consist of fully updated articles together with hundreds of entirely new topics. This unique reference work includes intercultural articles on broad topics such as mathematics and astronomy as well as thoughtful philosophical articles on concepts and ideas related to the study of non-Western Science, such as rationality, objectivity, and method. You’ll also find material on religion and science, East and West, and magic and science.
The author has written an exhaustive documentation of the whole diversity of traditional hydraulic structures in Uttarakhand, including their technology. This monograph is richly illustrated with photographs, maps and several tables. The documentation become very precious as the traditional hydraulics today is a vanishing folk heritage. The book demonstrates the direct relevance of this folk scientific heritage in finding solutions to the prevailing water crisis. The author rules out any solution based on privatization of water. The book strongly pleads for harvesting every drop of rain and every snowflake. The book, written in a very lucid style, is of interest to both a lay reader and a specialist interested in traditional knowledge, culture, hydraulics, and folk heritage.
Maharashtra is an important state in India which is very large from the point of view of its area. Its population is 11,23,72,972 (based on the year 2010). Maharashtra got its independent place on 1st May, 1960. Its past goes back Before Christ and up to Middle Ages, and its cultural and literary and educational value is immeasurable. It has a very separate significant place. After the year 1960, Maharashtra swiftly underwent progress in various forms and branches of education. In Maharashtra state, there are 14 universities, which are concerned with Arts, Literature, Commerce, Science, Law, Ayurved, Agriculture, Engineering, Physical Education, Medical Science, Management etc. In Maharashtra state in order to encourage agriculture, four agriculture universities have been formed.1 Along with these educational and cultural institutes, along with their progress, the government of Maharashtra has founded libraries and their co-operation has been considered to be the most important to its library act. Libraries have been functioning in the forms of public libraries, educational libraries, area-wise libraries, and there are also libraries concerned with the administrative departments, institutes and units of Maharashtra states.2 Maharashtra has been praiseworthy from this point of view. The librarians serving in the university and college libraries are paid by the U.G.C. and Maharashtra is at the forefront in the case of library science education as compared to other states.