Download Free Ancient Halicarnassus Book in PDF and EPUB Free Download. You can read online Ancient Halicarnassus and write the review.

*Includes pictures *Includes ancient accounts of Halicarnassus *Includes a bibliography for further reading In 353 BCE, when King Mausolus of Halicarnassus passed away, his sister and queen Artemisia was inconsolable, but she found a way to honor him through finishing a project that they had started together during his life: the construction of a mausoleum that was so marvelous it would later be considered one of the Seven Wonders of the World. She sent messengers across the ancient world to persuade the best sculptors and architects to come to southeast Anatolia to work on the king's memorial, employing only the finest craftsmen and sparing no expense in making the final resting place of Mausolus the finest tomb the world had ever seen. They labored for years, creating marvelous statues of the king's dynasty. This great monumental tomb was completed in the middle of the 4th century BCE so that the name of Mausolus would be famous forever, as indeed it has been ever since. Like one of the other wonders, the Temple of Artemis, the Mausoleum at Halicarnassus was huge for its type of building, being about 150 feet tall and possessing 36 columns of marble on its four sides, nine to a side. Also like the Temple of Artemis, the site of the Mausoleum includes ruins that have been excavated in modern times. Using this, an accurate scale replica has been successfully constructed in Istanbul, Turkey, and pieces of the beautiful sculpture on the Mausoleum have been retrieved. Therefore, it is one of the few Wonders that survived in some form and have directly inspired modern artists and architects. On top of it all, this is the only known major architectural Hellenistic work devoted to a secular theme (the burial of two mortals) rather than religious art dedicated to the Greek pantheon. The themes of the carvings even included many mythical enemies of the Greeks, such as the Amazons and centaurs, and the architecture was a marvel of engineering that was copied by neo-Classical buildings. The ultimate fate of the Mausoleum itself is unknown, though it was known to have survived the city's conquest by Alexander the Great in 334 BCE intact. Pirates who occupied the city in the 1st century BCE also left it unharmed, and though a series of earthquakes had reduced it to foundations by the 15th century CE, it was still intact enough to be considered a "wonder" by a Christian pilgrim, the Archbishop Eustathius of Thessalonica, in the 12th century. Unfortunately, the arrival of the Knights of St. John (the Hospitallers) in Rhodes and Bodrum spelled doom for the great structure. They used materials from it to reinforce their castle at Bodrum when it was threatened by the Turks in 1522 and burned the marble for lime, though at least they did retrieve and install the best of the sculptures in their castle. The burial chamber of Mausolus and Artemisia, which had been underground, was also looted at some point over the centuries, though husband and wife were likely cremated in the Greek fashion and buried in urns. The famous marbles were also looted in the 19th century during a three-year expedition by English archeologist Sir Charles Thomas Newton and carted off to the British Museum. Who was Mausolus, and what role did Halicarnassus serve in his kingdom? What were the city's origins, and what occurred after the mausoleum was completed? And how, exactly, did it come to be considered one of the Seven Wonders of the World? Halicarnassus: The History and Legacy of the Ancient Greek City and Home to One of the Seven Wonders of the World looks at the city and its most famous structure. Along with pictures depicting important people, places, and events, you will learn about Halicarnassus like never before.
Interprets the works of Dionysius of Halicarnassus, an important critic and historian in Rome, in a range of contexts.
First Published in 1996. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.
DIONYSIUS OF HALICARNASSUS migrated to Rome in 300 B.C., where he lived until his death some time after 8 B.C., writing his Roman Antiquities in twenty books and teaching the art of rhetoric and literary composition to a small group of upper-class Romans. His purpose, both in his own work and in his teaching, was to re-establish the classical Attic standards of purity, invention and taste in order to reassert the primacy of Greek as the literary language of the Mediterranean world. The essays in the present volume display the full range of Dionysius' critical expertise. In the treatise On Literary Composition, his finest and most original work, discussion of the effects produced by the arrangement of words involves minute analysis of phonetics and metre in addition to more general aspects of literary aesthetics such as the difference between poetry and prose, and the tripartite classification of the types of arrangement. The other four essays are on a less ambitious scale. The Dinarchus is primarily a study of authenticity in which Dionysius attempts to identify the genuine speeches of the latest Attic orator from the list of those ascribed to him by the librarians. The three literary letters are all concerned with possible models. In the Letter to Pompeius, Dionysius gives his reasons for criticizing Plato on stylistic and also moral grounds, and appends critiques of Herodotus, whom he greatly admired, and three other historians -- Xenophon, Philistus and Theopompus. Of the two Letters to Ammaeus, the second may be read as an appendix to the Thucydides, but the first concerns literary history, and investigates the question of whether Demosthenes could have learnt his oratorical skills from Aristotle's Rhetoric. Volume I contains the essays On the Ancient Orators, Lysias, Isocrates, Isaeus, Demosthenes, and Thucydides.
Dionysius of Halicarnassus, born ca. 60 BC, aimed in his critical essays to reassert the primacy of Greek as the literary language of the Mediterranean world. They constitute an important development from the somewhat mechanical techniques of rhetorical handbooks to more sensitive criticism of individual authors.
The instructional treatises of Menander Rhetor and the Ars Rhetorica, deriving from the schools of rhetoric that flourished in the Greek East from the 2nd through 4th centuries AD, provide a window into the literary culture, educational practices, and social concerns of these Greeks under Roman rule, in both public and private life.