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This documented briefing summarizes a fast-response research effort that directly supported the Defense Science Board Summer Study Task Force on Tactics and Technology for 21st Century Military Superiority.
This report stems from a congressional request for an independent report about the U.S. Department of Defense s capabilities for joint analysis and ways to improve them. Congressional concerns largely involved the activity called support for strategic analysis (SSA) and whether to revise it. The report recommends making fundamental revisions to the overall planning construct to which SSA contributes."
The Department of Defense is motivated by both opportunities and necessity to transform the force over the years ahead by exploiting modern technology and operational concepts associated with the revolution in military affairs, and by making related organizational changes. This documented briefing provides a background review describing a broad transformation strategy, then discusses and illustrates how analysis supported by models and simulations (including gaming) can supplement and guide empirical work such as joint experiments. The approach is illustrated for the problem of halting an invading army, with long-range precision fires playing a major role. A great deal of insight about the general problem can be obtained from analysis at different levels of resolution with a family of models. This process, in turn, identifies important kinds of information that can be obtained only from empirical work such as joint field experiments. The recommended
An analytical framework and methodology for capability-area reviews is described, along with new tools to support capabilities analysis and strategic-level defense planning in the Defense Department and the Services. BCOT generates and screens preliminary options, and the Portfolio-Analysis Tool (PAT) is used to evaluate options that pass screening. The concepts are illustrated with applications to Global Strike and Ballistic Missile Defense. Recommendations are made for further defense-planning research.
The Joint Advanced Strike Technology (JAST) resulted from the decisions of the Secretary of Defense' Bottom Up Review (BUR). Each service has a demonstrated need for advanced technology aircraft to meet future contingencies, but it was determined that costs for development and production of these several different aircraft could not be met due to budgetary constraints. The BUR found that there were not enough resources available to support all these programs in future years. The decision was made to continue with the Air Force F-22 fighter aircraft, and the F/A-18E/F aircraft for the Navy, but to cancel the A/F-X and the MRF. The decision on ASTOL was to continue that research, but to secure specific commitment of resources by at least two of the three Services before building a flying prototype. The BUR also confirmed the continuing needs that were to be met by the A/F-X and MRF programs. This led to the establishment of the Joint Advanced Strike Technology Program in July 1993.
"In the conference report accompanying the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2017, Congress expressed concern that the U.S. Department of Defense (DoD) "does not sufficiently incorporate data into its acquisition-related learning and decision-making" and asked six questions about "the use of data analysis, measurement, and other evaluation-related methods in DoD acquisition programs." In this report, the authors decompose and measure acquisition functions, data governance, and training to assess how data and associated analytics support DoD acquisition decision making. The authors found that the DoD is applying a breadth of data analytics to acquisition. Capabilities range from simple data archives and plotting to archives integrated with commercial analytic tools. The DoD has implemented an array of data governance and management practices, but major challenges remain, including a culture against data sharing and concerns about security and oversight burden. Some commercial breakthroughs in advanced analytics sound promising for DoD acquisition, but some might not be applicable; research is ongoing. Advancement should include developing a data analytics strategy across acquisition domains, expanding data governance and data sharing, and continuing to expand and mature data collection, access, and analytic layers. Also, mechanisms are needed to authorize and ensure protected access to data for both the DoD and external analysts. Improved incentives and understanding of data analytics could encourage decision makers to make better use of capabilities" -- Publisher's description.
The Defense Science Board (DSB) Task Force on Tactics and Technology for 21st Century Military Superiority was formed by the Office of the Secretary of Defense to explore new concepts for making a relatively small and rapidly deployable force capable for accomplishing missions that would otherwise require a large, massed force. As part of the concept development phase of the study, the DSB identified two different means of achieving a capable small dispersed force. The first concept represents an evolutionary change from current small forces, such as the division ready brigade (DRB) of the 82nd Airborne. Here the force is envisioned to remain a small, mostly self-contained unit such as a DRB, but it is given the mission and capability of a larger unit such as a division. This may be accomplished by augmenting many of a DRB's current components with advanced RSTA, C2, and weapon systems, much as envisioned in the Rapid Force Projection Initiative (RFPI) and the U.S. Army's Force XXI concept. The DSB builds on these concepts by emphasizing joint nonorganic or 'external' RSTA and fire support system technologies. The second DSB concept is more revolutionary, removing the notion of an area control by ground forces almost entirely. Here, long-range fires are called by small, virtually independent dismounted teams moving around the region. This concept is close to that espoused in the USMC Sea Dragon proposal. The DSB concept builds on Sea Dragon by extending it to include a larger range of external RSTA and weapons and possibly giving it a more substantial level of team mobility. While our simulation effort focuses on the first concept, the two have many aspects in common, and some merging of ideas is expected. Both concepts emphasize joint operations and coordination among many geographically remote systems. The common question between both concepts is how much of a.
In late 1998 the Undersecretary of Defense (Personnel and Readiness), the Director, Defense Research and Engineering, and the Joint Chiefs of Staff requested the Defense Science Board to create a task force on training and education. The task force met periodically throughout 1999 and 2000. This document is the report of our deliberations.