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Is cash still king? With card payments now overtaking cash for the first time ever as reported in media 2017 (morning advertiser, Accessed 2019) coupled with the rise of 1000s of cryptocurrencies, does this mean that cash now takes a back seat? Electronic transference of currency from one bank account to another anywhere in the world is not new, and with the strict guidelines that the banking institutions adhere to these transactions can be tracked from source to destination. However, some national banks; and indeed, some of the Governments that regulate them are not trustworthy. Chaum (1982) proposed 'blind' cryptography which protects payees' anonymity from invasion. The founder of Mt Gox said to be the world's largest Bitcoin exchange at the time; was charged and later convicted of instigating a drug auction site called 'Silk Road', selling illicit drugs on-line for payment to be made in Bitcoin only (Scannell, 2015). Criminals commit their crimes for profit therefore the digital currency is a perfect place for criminals to hide their financial affairs. Payments being made as a result of money laundering, blackmail, extortion or tax evasion, can be moved seamlessly to anywhere in the world with few or no records tying an individual to 'monies'. A digital wallet is used as an interface to your cryptocurrency, where you store and commit transactions. Creating a digital wallet can be done anonymously and does not need 'linking' to any financial institutions. A digital wallet allows purchasing of goods and services anywhere in the world anonymously by using your digital wallets address. After downloading a digital wallets executable program, it needs to be installed on the device being used. Part of this process entails producing a unique digital key or commonly known as a wallet's address. Currently Microsoft Windows could be classed as the de facto operating system worldwide, with Windows 10 being the latest version. Most owners are all too familiar with installing and uninstalling programs. Once an application has been uninstalled can analysis identify any evidence (digital) artefacts left on the host computer?
Innovation can drive a society forward. But innovation does not occur in a vacuum. Public policy can establish background conditions that help the innovative spirit thrive--or create an environment in which that spirit is inhibited, or suppressed.Even in societies where transformative scientific and technological advancements are achievable, public policy again plays a critical mediating role. In the wrong hands, or without appropriate safeguards and oversight, these advancements can facilitate great human suffering. Just ask the political enemies of authoritarian regimes that deploy surveillance tools Orwell never could have imagined. Or, closer to home, listen to the child victims of unspeakable sexual exploitation whose images and livestreamed abuse are so easily transmitted across the internet.Technological innovation and human flourishing are complementary concepts, but the former does not guarantee the latter. Good public policy--and the fair and equitable enforcement of such policy--can help bring the two into alignment. And even as too much regulation undoubtedly stifles innovation (and human flourishing, too), the absence of law's protections can endanger progress across both dimensions. It takes careful consideration, and a deep and ongoing immersion in the facts, to understand when, and how, law should intervene. Once law's empire has established its root in a particular domain, it requires equally careful consideration (and humility on the part of government officials) to ensure that regulation goes no further than is required--that government action, in other words, reflects enforcement only of "those wise restraints that make us free."It should be no surprise, for example, that researchers within the U.S. National Institute of Standards and Technology "have been investigating blockchain technologies at multiple levels: from use cases, applications and existing services, to protocols, security guarantees, and cryptographic mechanisms." Or that the U.S. Department of Defense's recently-issued Digital Modernization Strategy specifically identifies blockchain technology as having "promise to provide increased effectiveness, efficiency, and security." Or that the U.S. Food and Drug Administration recently released a detailed vision for how it plans to deploy blockchain for food safety-related purposes.vi Or that--in the cryptocurrency space specifically--"the Federal Reserve is active in conducting research and experimentation related to distributed ledger technologies and the potential use cases for digital currencies," including by partnering with the Massachusetts Institute of Technology to "build and test a hypothetical digital currency oriented to central bank uses." Without doubt, cryptocurrency represents a transformative way to store and exchange value.But as the following pages make clear, despite its relatively brief existence, this technology already plays a role in many of the most significant criminal and national security threats our nation faces. As the Task Force has found, illicit uses of cryptocurrency typically fall into three categories: (1) financial transactions associated with the commission of crimes; (2) money laundering and the shielding of legitimate activity from tax, reporting, or other legal requirements; or (3) crimes, such as theft, directly implicating the cryptocurrency marketplace itself. Part I of this Enforcement Framework examines in detail each of those categories.
Digital forensics deals with the acquisition, preservation, examination, analysis and presentation of electronic evidence. Computer networks, cloud computing, smartphones, embedded devices and the Internet of Things have expanded the role of digital forensics beyond traditional computer crime investigations. Practically every crime now involves some aspect of digital evidence; digital forensics provides the techniques and tools to articulate this evidence in legal proceedings. Digital forensics also has myriad intelligence applications; furthermore, it has a vital role in cyber security – investigations of security breaches yield valuable information that can be used to design more secure and resilient systems. This book, Advances in Digital Forensics XIX, is the nineteenth volume in the annual series produced by the IFIP Working Group 11.9 on Digital Forensics, an international community of scientists, engineers and practitioners dedicated to advancing the state of the art of research and practice in digital forensics. The book presents original research results and innovative applications in digital forensics. Also, it highlights some of the major technical and legal issues related to digital evidence and electronic crime investigations. This volume contains fourteen revised and edited chapters based on papers presented at the Nineteenth IFIP WG 11.9 International Conference on Digital Forensics held at SRI International in Arlington, Virginia, USA on January 30-31, 2023. A total of 24 full-length papers were submitted for presentation at the conference.
These proceedings represent the work of contributors to the 19th European Conference on Cyber Warfare and Security (ECCWS 2020), supported by University of Chester, UK on 25-26 June 2020. The Conference Co-chairs are Dr Thaddeus Eze and Dr Lee Speakman, both from University of Chester and the Programme Chair is Dr Cyril Onwubiko from IEEE and Director, Cyber Security Intelligence at Research Series Limited. ECCWS is a well-established event on the academic research calendar and now in its 19th year the key aim remains the opportunity for participants to share ideas and meet. The conference was due to be held at University of Chester, UK, but due to the global Covid-19 pandemic it was moved online to be held as a virtual event. The scope of papers will ensure an interesting conference. The subjects covered illustrate the wide range of topics that fall into this important and ever-growing area of research.
Strategic Leadership in Digital Evidence: What Executives Need to Know provides leaders with broad knowledge and understanding of practical concepts in digital evidence, along with its impact on investigations. The book's chapters cover the differentiation of related fields, new market technologies, operating systems, social networking, and much more. This guide is written at the layperson level, although the audience is expected to have reached a level of achievement and seniority in their profession, principally law enforcement, security and intelligence. Additionally, this book will appeal to legal professionals and others in the broader justice system. Covers a broad range of challenges confronting investigators in the digital environment Addresses gaps in currently available resources and the future focus of a fast-moving field Written by a manager who has been a leader in the field of digital forensics for decades
This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 13th EAI International Conference on Practical Aspects of Digital Forensics and Cyber Crime, ICDF2C 2022, held in Boston, MA, during November 16-18, 2022. The 28 full papers included in this book were carefully reviewed and selected from 80 submissions. They were organized in topical sections as follows: Image Forensics; Forensics Analysis; spread spectrum analysis; traffic analysis and monitoring; malware analysis; security risk management; privacy and security.
This volume comprises the select proceedings of the International Conference on Information Security, Privacy, and Digital Forensics (ICISPD 2022). The content discusses novel contributions and latest developments in cyber-attacks and defenses, computer forensics and cybersecurity database forensics, cyber threat intelligence, data analytics for security, anonymity, penetration testing, incident response, Internet of Things security, malware and botnets, social media security, humanitarian forensics, software and media piracy, crime analysis, hardware security, among others. This volume will be a useful guide for researchers across industry and academia working in the field of security, privacy, and digital forensics from both technological and social perspectives.
This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Digital Forensics and Cyber Crime, ICDF2C 2018, held in New Orleans, LA, USA, in September 2018. The 11 reviewed full papers and 1 short paper were selected from 33 submissions and are grouped in topical sections on carving and data hiding, android, forensic readiness, hard drives and digital forensics, artefact correlation.
Investigating the Cyber Breach The Digital Forensics Guide for the Network Engineer · Understand the realities of cybercrime and today’s attacks · Build a digital forensics lab to test tools and methods, and gain expertise · Take the right actions as soon as you discover a breach · Determine the full scope of an investigation and the role you’ll play · Properly collect, document, and preserve evidence and data · Collect and analyze data from PCs, Macs, IoT devices, and other endpoints · Use packet logs, NetFlow, and scanning to build timelines, understand network activity, and collect evidence · Analyze iOS and Android devices, and understand encryption-related obstacles to investigation · Investigate and trace email, and identify fraud or abuse · Use social media to investigate individuals or online identities · Gather, extract, and analyze breach data with Cisco tools and techniques · Walk through common breaches and responses from start to finish · Choose the right tool for each task, and explore alternatives that might also be helpful The professional’s go-to digital forensics resource for countering attacks right now Today, cybersecurity and networking professionals know they can’t possibly prevent every breach, but they can substantially reduce risk by quickly identifying and blocking breaches as they occur. Investigating the Cyber Breach: The Digital Forensics Guide for the Network Engineer is the first comprehensive guide to doing just that. Writing for working professionals, senior cybersecurity experts Joseph Muniz and Aamir Lakhani present up-to-the-minute techniques for hunting attackers, following their movements within networks, halting exfiltration of data and intellectual property, and collecting evidence for investigation and prosecution. You’ll learn how to make the most of today’s best open source and Cisco tools for cloning, data analytics, network and endpoint breach detection, case management, monitoring, analysis, and more. Unlike digital forensics books focused primarily on post-attack evidence gathering, this one offers complete coverage of tracking threats, improving intelligence, rooting out dormant malware, and responding effectively to breaches underway right now. This book is part of the Networking Technology: Security Series from Cisco Press®, which offers networking professionals valuable information for constructing efficient networks, understanding new technologies, and building successful careers.
Cyber Forensics Investigation Process" is a comprehensive guide designed to provide a thorough understanding of the methodologies and techniques used in the field of digital forensics. This eBook takes readers through a step-by-step exploration of the entire investigation process, from the initial identification and preservation of digital evidence to the analysis and presentation of findings. Whether you are a beginner or an experienced professional, this resource offers valuable insights and practical knowledge to enhance your skills in cyber forensics. Discover the best practices for handling digital evidence, learn about the latest tools and technologies, and gain the expertise needed to solve complex cybercrimes.