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People in all walks of life are faced everyday with situations in which they are confronted with deception and are often required to render personal evaluations of a person's veracity. Previous research has attempted to lend some insight into the characteristics of a deceptive communicator. Yet, many questions remain unanswered about the psychological characteristics of persons involved in deceptive communications as well as information on the ability of persons to detect deception. Based on the questions posed in the literature, an experiment was designed to: (a) examine the Machiavellian traits of deceivers and determine if significant differences would be found in the rates at which deceivers, who possessed varying levels of such traits, would be accurately judged in deceptive communications; and (b) determine if previous or immediate training before evaluations would increase detection rates in which observers evaluated multiple channels for clues to deception. Moreover, this included determining the rates at which trained observers (polygraph examiners and journalism students) and untrained observers (non-journalism students) could accurately detect deception.
Macrocognition Metrics and Scenarios: Design and Evaluation for Real-World Teams translates advances by scientific leaders in the relatively new area of macrocognition into a format that will support immediate use by members of the software testing and evaluation community for large-scale systems as well as trainers of real-world teams. Macrocognition is defined as how activity in real-world teams is adapted to the complex demands of a setting with high consequences for failure. The primary distinction between macrocognition and prior research is that the primary unit for measurement is a real-world team coordinating their activity, rather than individuals processing information, the predominant model for cognition for decades. This book provides an overview of the theoretical foundations of macrocognition, describes a set of exciting new macrocognitive metrics, and provides guidance on using the metrics in the context of different approaches to evaluation and measurement of real-world teams.
Detecting Concealed Information and Deception: Recent Developments assembles contributions from the world’s leading experts on all aspects of concealed information detection. This reference examines an array of different methods—behavioral, verbal interview and physiological—of detecting concealed information. Chapters from leading legal authorities address how to make use of detected information for present and future legal purposes. With a theoretical and empirical foundation, the book also covers new human interviewing techniques, including the highly influential Implicit Association Test among others. Presents research from Concealed Information Test (CIT) studies Explores the legal implications and admissibility of the CIT Covers EEG, event-related brain potentials (ERP) and autonomic detection measures Reviews multiple verbal lie detection tools Discusses ocular movements during deception and evasion Identifies how to perceive malicious intentions Explores personality dimensions associated with deception, including religion, age and gender