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The term "skill" encompasses an array of topics and issues. For example, individuals are skilled in a variety of domains such as chess, typing, air traffic control, or knitting; researchers study skill in a variety of ways, including speed of acquisition, accuracy of performance, and retention over time; and there are a variety of approaches to the study of skill such as computer modeling or experimental analysis. Contributing to the understanding of whether, how, when, and why skills may decline as a function of age is the goal of this volume. This book is based on the Aging and Skill Conference sponsored by the Center for Applied Cognitive Research on Aging. The broad focus of the conference was to discuss cognitive theories underlying age-related skill acquisition, transfer, and retention and to discuss applications of these theories to such issues as age-adaptive training, compensatory strategies and devices, and utilization of new and existing technology. The contributors were asked to discuss the cognitive theory relevant to their topic, explain how the theory informs the field about aging, examine where gaps exist among general cognitive theory in this area and theories of aging, and demonstrate the practical relevance of the theory to enhancing or enabling activities of daily living--for work, home, or leisure--for older adults. This is the first book to focus exclusively on aging and skill. It covers a range of abilities, provides the theoretical basis for the current status of age-related differences in skill, and offers direct evidence of the applicability of research on proficiency to aspects of daily living. Each chapter was written either by an expert in the field of aging, or by an expert in the field of skill--many expert in both areas.
This edited collection combines contributions from academics and human factor specialists upon the theme of multiple-task performance - the ability of the mind to control several actions simultaneously.
This volume presents the history, latest data, and results from the Seattle Longitudinal Study (SLS). The purpose of the SLS is to study various aspects of psychological development during the adult years. Focusing on a random sample of 500 adults ranging in age from 25 to 95 years old, the SLS is organized around 5 fundamental questions.
Possible new breakthroughs in understanding the aging mind that can be used to benefit older people are now emerging from research. This volume identifies the key scientific advances and the opportunities they bring. For example, science has learned that among older adults who do not suffer from Alzheimer's disease or other dementias, cognitive decline may depend less on loss of brain cells than on changes in the health of neurons and neural networks. Research on the processes that maintain neural health shows promise of revealing new ways to promote cognitive functioning in older people. Research is also showing how cognitive functioning depends on the conjunction of biology and culture. The ways older people adapt to changes in their nervous systems, and perhaps the changes themselves, are shaped by past life experiences, present living situations, changing motives, cultural expectations, and emerging technology, as well as by their physical health status and sensory-motor capabilities. Improved understanding of how physical and contextual factors interact can help explain why some cognitive functions are impaired in aging while others are spared and why cognitive capability is impaired in some older adults and spared in others. On the basis of these exciting findings, the report makes specific recommends that the U.S. government support three major new initiatives as the next steps for research.
The study of older adults and internet use has emerged as a specific area of interest which covers a wide range of topics ranging from behaviors of senior adults in information search to attitude toward the internet, to the use of the internet for personal and health issues, and to cognitive constrains of seniors in Internet use. Engaging Older Adults with Modern Technology: Internet Use and Information Access Needs takes a structured approach to the research in aging and digital technology in which older adults’ use of internet and other forms of digital technologies is studied through the lenses of cognitive functioning, motivation, and affordances of new technology. This book identifies the role and function of internet and other forms of digital technology in older adult learning. It also bridges the theories with practices in older adults’ internet/digital technology use by focusing on effective design and development of internet and other digital technologies for older adults’ learning. This title is targeted towards educators globally with an emphasis on diverse aspects in older adult and internet learning that include learner characteristics, cognition, design principles and applications.
The authors present relevant data that open up new directions for those studying cognitive aging.
Essential Papers on the Psychology of Aging contains the classic papers on the period of human development that begins with young adulthood and ends with old age and death. Including material on theory and methodology; basic psychological processes; personality and social psychology; and clinical, applied, and health psychology, the volume presents the best work published in the field, from classic papers to cutting-edge research. Contributors to the volume include P. B. Baltes, J. E. Birren, W. E. Henry, K. F. Riegel, K. W. Schaie, D. Arenberg, H. P. Bahrick, L. K. Hall, D. B. Bromley, D. M. Burke, L. L. Light, N. Charness, F. I. M. Craik, J. McDowd, J. C. Foster, G. A. Taylor, J. G. Gilbert, J. L. Horn, R. B. Cattrell, H. E. Jones, H. S. Conrad, H. C. Lehman, C. C. Miles, W. R. Miles, A. E. D. Schonfield, E. A. Robertson, K. Sward, A. T. Welford, P. T. Costa, R. R. McCrae, B. L. Frederickson, L. L. Carstensen, D. Gutmann, J. S. Jackson, L. M. Chattters, R. J. Taylor, R. Kastenbaum, N. Kogan, M. E. Lachman, G. Bavouvie-Vief, M. De Voe, D. Bulka, M. F. Lowenthal, C. Haven, R. Schulz, M. M. Baltes, S. Honn, E. M. Barton, M. Orzech, D. Lago, F. M. Carp, M. F. Elias, N. R. Schultz, M. A. Robbins, P. K. Elias, R. L. Kahn, S. H. Zarit, N. M. Hilbert, G. Niederehe, J. K. Kiecolt- Glaser, R. Glaser, E. C. Shuttleworth, C. S. Cyer, P. Ogrocki, C. E. Speicher, B. Simon, M. A. Lieberman, S. S. Tobin, V. N. Prock, G. M. McEvoy, W. F. Cascio, S. A. Murrell, S. Himmelbarb, B. L. Neugarten, R. J. Havighurst, C. D. Ryff, K. W. Schaie, S. L. Willis, F. Scogin, L. McElreth, and L. W. Thompson.