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This book presents the findings of a detailed study to explore the behavior of architectural glazing systems during and after an earthquake and to develop design proposals that will mitigate or even eliminate the damage inflicted on these systems. The seismic behavior of common types of architectural glazing systems are investigated and causes of damage to each system, identified. Furthermore, depending on the geometrical and structural characteristics, the ultimate horizontal load capacity of glass curtain wall systems is defined based on the stability of the glass components. Detailed attention is devoted to the incorporation of advanced connection devices between the structure of the building and the building envelope system in order to minimize the damage to glazed components. An innovative new connection device is introduced that results in a delicate and functional system easily incorporated into different architectural glazing systems, including those demanding maximum transparency.
Glass is a popular cladding material for modern buildings. The trend for steel-framed, glass-clad buildings instead of those using traditional materials such as brick and concrete has inherent problems. These include, for example, the performance of architectural glass in extreme climatic events such as windstorms and heavy snow loads and also during earthquakes. This book reviews the state-of-the-art in glass and glazing technology to resist failure due to these natural events.Building code seismic requirements for architectural glass in the United States are considered first of all, followed by a chapter on glazing and curtain wall systems to resist earthquakes. The next two chapters discuss snow loads on building envelopes and glazing systems, and types and design of glazing systems to resist snow loads. Wind pressures and the impact of wind-borne debris are then considered in the next group of chapters which also review special types of glazing systems to resist windstorms. A final chapter reviews test methods for the performance of glazing systems during earthquakes and extreme climatic events.With its distinguished editor and team of contributors, Architectural glass to resist seismic and extreme climatic events is an essential resource for architects, structural, civil and architectural engineers, researchers and those involved in designing and specifying building glazing and cladding materials in areas where severe windstorms, snow and earthquakes are a threat. - Considers the state of the art in glass and glazing technology to resist failure due to extreme climatic events - Reviews specific building techniques and test methods to enhance glazing performance during snow storms, wind storms and earthquakes
The application of glass as a structural material may seem surprising initially, yet pioneering glass structures were first built two decades ago already. Ever since, Structural Glass has been developing at a very high pace thanks to very intensive scientific and industrial research and new technological developments.Right at the heart of these rap
The engineering of materials with advanced features is driving the research towards the design of innovative materials with high performances. New materials often deliver the best solution for structural applications, precisely contributing towards the finest combination of mechanical properties and low weight. The mimicking of nature's principles lead to a new class of structural materials including biomimetic composites, natural hierarchical materials and smart materials. Meanwhile, computational modeling approaches are the valuable tools complementary to experimental techniques and provide significant information at the microscopic level and explain the properties of materials and their very existence. The modeling also provides useful insights to possible strategies to design and fabricate materials with novel and improved properties. The book brings together these two fascinating areas and offers a comprehensive view of cutting-edge research on materials interfaces and technologies the engineering materials. The topics covered in this book are divided into 2 parts: Engineering of Materials, Characterizations & Applications and Computational Modeling of Materials. The chapters include the following: Mechanical and resistance behavior of structural glass beams Nanocrystalline metal carbides - microstructure characterization SMA-reinforced laminated glass panel Sustainable sugarcane bagasse cellulose for papermaking Electrospun scaffolds for cardiac tissue engineering Bio-inspired composites Density functional theory for studying extended systems First principles based approaches for modeling materials Computer aided materials design Computational materials for stochastic electromagnets Computational methods for thermal analysis of heterogeneous materials Modelling of resistive bilayer structures Modeling tunneling of superluminal photons through Brain Microtubules Computer aided surgical workflow modeling Displaced multiwavelets and splitting algorithms
This captivating exploration takes you behind the facades of America's most iconic residences, revealing the secrets of architectural grandeur that define our nation's legacy. From the opulent homes of industrial magnates to the stately mansions that shaped the American Dream, discover how old money architecture has influenced contemporary design and continues to captivate our imagination. Written by Alberto J. DeJesus, a leading voice in the American construction industry and Chief Executive Officer of the regional construction company DeJesus Industries, this book offers a unique perspective on the evolution of architectural styles and their enduring impact on American culture. Dive deep into the meticulous craftsmanship, hidden stories, and cultural significance of these historic structures, while uncovering the challenges of maintaining their integrity in today’s world. With insightful analysis and a personal touch drawn from the author’s own experiences visiting landmark homes and engaging with influential figures, American Builder is an essential read for architecture enthusiasts, history buffs, and anyone intrigued by the intersection of old-world charm and modern innovation. Join Alberto J. DeJesus on a journey through America’s architectural heritage and explore how these magnificent homes continue to inspire and shape our understanding of the American Dream.
Understanding Steel Design is based on an overall approach to understand how to design and build with steel from the perspective of its architectural applications. Steel is a material whose qualities have enormous potential for the creation of dynamic architecture. In an innovative approach to the reality of working with steel, the book takes a new look both at the state of tried-and-tested techniques and at emerging projects. Hundreds of steel structures have been observed, analyzed and appraised for this book. In-depth construction photographs by the author are complemented by technical illustrations created to look more closely at systems and details. Drawings supplied by fabricators allow greater insight into a method of working with current digital drawing tools.
This book provides the means for a better control and purposeful consideration of the design of Architecturally Exposed Structural Steel (AESS). It deploys a detailed categorization of AESS and its uses according to design context, building typology and visual exposure. In a rare combination, this approach makes high quality benchmarks compatible with economies in terms of material use, fabrication methods, workforce and cost. Building with exposed steel has become more and more popular worldwide, also as advances in fire safety technology have permitted its use for building tasks under stringent fire regulations. On her background of long standing as a teacher in architectural steel design affiliated with many institutions, the author ranks among the world‘s best scholars on this topic. Among the fields covered by the extensive approach of this book are the characteristics of the various categories of AESS, the interrelatedness of design, fabrication and erection of the steel structures, issues of coating and protection (including corrosion and fire protection), special materials like weathering steel and stainless steel, the member choices and a connection design checklist. The description draws on many international examples from advanced contemporary architecture, all visited and photographed by the author, among which figure buildings like the Amgen Helix Bridge in Seattle, the Shard Observation Level in London, the New York Times Building and the Arganquela Footbridge.
Although Architecture and Structural Engineering have both had their own historical development, their interaction has led to many fascinating and delightful structures over time. To bring this interaction to a higher level, there is the need to stimulate the inventive and creative design of architectural structures and to persuade architects and s
Optical anisotropy effects can occur in building envelopes made of tempered glass. The visual effect has been neglected in the evaluation of the building product and increasingly leads to disputes between the parties involved. This thesis extends the state of knowledge on the cause and perception of optical anisotropic effects and presents a concept for measuring and evaluating them in flat monolithic tempered architectural glass. Initially, an overview and description of current photoelastic measurement methods are given, and the accuracy of the used measurement setups is verified for the first time. The experimental basis for the concept is formed by extensive full-field retardation measurements in the laboratory and field studies of the maximum visibility of the anisotropy effects in an outdoor test rig with accompanying polarization measurements of the sky. Various glass types, geometries, and tempering levels are selected based on typically used products, and their influence on the resulting retardation image is investigated. Determining a correlation of the retardation images with the reflection images of selected test specimens in the outdoor test rig complements the experiments. Based on this, digital evaluation methods are presented, further developed, and applied to the measured retardation images. From the critical analysis of these results, limit values for different anisotropy quality classes are derived, and the concept is complemented. With the implementation of the evaluation methods and the limit values in commercial anisotropy scanners, the quality of each glass pane can be determined directly after tempering in the future. By choosing the highest quality class A, it will be possible in the future to significantly reduce anisotropy effects in constructions made of tempered glass panes.