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This massive 2 volume set contains 200 papers from the Congress, held in Grenoble, 6-12 Sept 2004. These papers cover the whole field of the present egyptological researches, from the Origins to the Graeco-roman period.
A distinguished international group of diplomatists address thirteen cases of transmission and preservation of medieval documents. A recurrent theme in this volume is the actual preservation of individual original charters, but the content of originals was transmitted in other ways as well. Several chapters discuss questions relating to recopied originals, cartularies, and a range of other archival practices for retaining documents during the Middle Ages. Many of the authors focus on how documents were organized in archives and in cartularies during the period. Others discuss the notions of "original document" and "copy"--Both their relationship to each other and to the legal validity of the document in question.
In this critical edition of Nicole Oresme's 14th-century treatise on atmospheric refraction, Oresme uses optics and infinitesimals to help solve this vexing problem of astronomy, proposing that light travels along a curve through the atmosphere, centuries before Hooke and Newton.
This new book analyses the strategies, usages and wider implications of crowdsourcing and crowdfunding platforms in the culture and communication industries that are reshaping economic, organizational and social logics. Platforms are the object of considerable hype with a growing global presence. Relying on individual contributions coordinated by social media to finance cultural production (and carry out promotional tasks) is a significant shift, especially when supported by morphing public policies, supposedly enhancing cultural diversity and accessibility. The aim of this book is to propose a critical analysis of these phenomena by questioning what follows from decisions to outsource modes of creation and funding to consumers. Drawing on research carried out within the ‘Collab’ programme backed by the French National Research Agency, the book considers how platforms are used to organize cultural labour and/or to control usages, following a logic of suggestion rather than overt injunction. Four key areas are considered: the history of crowdfunding as a system; whose interests crowdfunding may serve; the implications for digital labour and lastly crowdfunding’s interface with globalization and contemporary capitalism. The book concludes with an assessment of claims that crowdfunding can democratize culture.
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