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The definitive social history of the Disciples of Christ in the 19th century The Disciples of Christ, led by reformers such as Alexander Campbell and Barton W. Stone, was one of a number of early 19th-century primitivist religious movements seeking to "restore the ancient order of things." The Disciples movement was little more than a loose collection of independent congregations until the middle of the 19th century, but by 1900 three clear groupings of churches had appeared. Today, more than 5 million Americans--members of the modern-day Disciples of Christ (Christian Church), Independent Christian Churches, and Churches of Christ, among others--trace their religious heritage to this "Restoration Movement."
These volumes are set forth in the hope that it will give the reader a deeper insight into the atmosphere of reform which permeated the time in which arose the Millerite Movement, the seedbed of the Seventh-day Adventist Church. Such an atmosphere made people receptive to change and provided the attitude of mind which made the widespread dissemination of new ideas possible. Surely it was in the providence of God that the great Second Advent Movement arose at such a time.
This new second edition, refined, updated and revised, contains the story of those 15 years along with revisions in how a humble gathering evolved over two centuries into the Christian Church (Disciples of Christ), a modern denomination of international stature. The Disciples: A Struggle for Reformation, Revised Edition discusses how Disciples progressed from congregationalism to Covenant, how they survived the tumult of Civil War, how they developed a ministry of missions on a global scale, and how they met the brutal challenge of 21st century COVID.
Invoking the strong ties they sense between the courses of their lives and their careers, the sixteen historians of religion who have contributed to Autobiographical Reflections on Southern Religious History share their thoughts and motivations. In these highly personal essays, both pioneering and promising young scholars discuss their work and interests as they recall how the circumstances of their upbringing and education steered them toward religious history. They tell of their own time and place and of their growing awareness of how religion ties into larger social issues: gender, class, and, most notably, race. Indeed, one essay begins, "I was asked to write about why I came to study religion in the South. It was then I realized that it was because my grandfather had been lynched." Lutheran, Jewish, Catholic, Methodist, and Episcopal viewpoints are represented as, of course, are Baptist. Some contributors have stood in the pulpit; others at least commenced their higher education with that aim. While some contributors were born and reared, and now work in the Bible Belt, others are outsiders--physically, philosophically, or both. Some came from intellectual traditions; others were the first in their family to attend college. Despite their common interest in its history, southern religion is anything but an intellectual abstraction for the contributors to this book. It is a potent force, and here sixteen men and women offer themselves as proof of its power to shape lives.
The Definitive History of the Spirit-Filled Church Encyclopedic coverage of: Activities of the Spirit over 2,000 years of church history in 60 countries and regions Outpourings at Topeka, Mukti Mission (India), Azusa Street, Duquesne University, and many other 20th-century locations Current movements among today’s 500 million-plus Pentecostal and charismatic Christians worldwide The New International Dictionary of Pentecostal and Charismatic Movements sets modern, Spirit-filled Christianity in a context that spans two millennia and the entire Christian world. Like no other resource, this volume reveals in detail the full, sweeping legacy of Spirit-empowered movements that have touched hearts and lives both in modern America and across the centuries and continents: in medieval Europe, Finland in the 1700s, South India in the 1800s, Azusa Street at the turn of the 20th century--and much more, including ongoing moves of the Holy Spirit throughout the world today. One thousand entries provide the most extensive information available on Pentecostal, charismatic, and neocharismatic movements. The diverse topics covered include, as a small sample, glossolalia, black and Hispanic Pentecostalism, prophecy, the role of women, faith healing, music, sociology, missions, church growth, and different historic and contemporary revivals. With its unique international and historical perspective, this completely revised and expanded second edition of the acclaimed Dictionary of Pentecostal and Charismatic Movements offers features that no other reference of its kind approaches. Its extraordinary scope and detailed, up-to-date coverage make this the definitive resource on Pentecostal and charismatic denominations and movements both in North America and worldwide. Includes: Exhaustive coverage of Pentecostal and charismatic movements in 60 countries and regions--individual histories, cultural and theological aspects, and key figures and institutions. Statistical section with a wealth of current information on the growth of classical Pentecostalism as well as charismatic and neocharismatic movements. 1,000 articles. Over 500 photos and illustrations, maps, and timeline. Cross references, bibliographies, and indexes to people, places, and topics.
In the 1950s and 1960s, Churches of Christ were the fastest growing religious organization in the United States. The churches flourished especially in southern and western states, including Oklahoma. In this compelling history, historian W. David Baird examines the key characteristics, individuals, and debates that have shaped the Churches of Christ in Oklahoma from the early nineteenth century to the beginning of the twenty-first century. Baird’s narrative begins with an account of the Stone-Campbell movement, which emerged along the American frontier in the early 1800s. Representatives of this movement in Oklahoma first came as missionaries to American Indians, mainly to the Cherokees, Chickasaws, and Choctaws. Baird highlights the role of two prominent missionaries during this period, and he next describes a second generation of missionaries who came along during the era of the Twin Territories, prior to statehood. In 1906, as a result of disagreements regarding faith and practice, followers of the Stone-Campbell Movement divided into two organizations: Churches of Christ and Disciples of Christ. Baird then focuses solely on Churches of Christ in Oklahoma, all the while keeping a broader national context in view. Drawing on extensive research, Baird delves into theological and political debates and explores the role of the Churches of Christ during the two world wars. As Churches of Christ grew in number and size throughout the country during the mid-twentieth century, controversy loomed. Oklahoma’s Churches of Christ argued over everything from Sunday schools and the support of orphan’s homes to worship elements, gender roles in the church, and biblical interpretation. And nobody could agree on why church membership began to decline in the 1970s, despite exciting new community outreach efforts. This history by an accomplished scholar provides solid background and new insight into the question of whether Churches of Christ locally and nationally will be able to reverse course and rebuild their membership in the twenty-first century.
This volume tells the story of the Churches of Christ, one of three major denominations that emerged in the United States from a religious movement led by Alexander Campbell and Barton W. Stone in the early 19th century. Beginning as an effort to provide a basis on which all Christians in America could unite, the leaders of the movement relied on the faith and practice of the primitive church. Ironically, this unity movement eventually divided precisely along the lines of its original agenda, as the Churches of Christ rallied around the restorationist banner while the Disciples of Christ gathered around the ecumenical cause. Yet, having begun as a countercultural sect, the Churches of Christ emerged in the 20th century as a culture-affirming denomination. This brief history, together with biographical sketches of major leaders, provides a complete overview of the denomination in America. The book begins with a concise yet detailed history of the denomination's beginnings in the early 19th century. Tracing the influence of such leaders as Stone and Campbell, the authors chronicle the triumphs and conflicts of the denomination through the 19th century and its reemergence and renewal in the 20th century. The biographical dictionary of leaders in the Churches of Christ rounds out the second half of the book, and a chronology of important events in the history of the denomination offers a quick reference guide. A detailed bibliographic essay concludes the book and points readers to further readings about the Churches of Christ.
The religious reform tradition known as the Stone-Campbell movement came into being on the American frontier in the early decades of the nineteenth century. Named for its two principal founders, Barton W. Stone and Alexander Campbell, its purpose was twofold: to restore the church to the practice and teaching of the New Testament and, by this means, to find a basis for reuniting all Christians. Today, there are three major branches of the Stone-Campbell tradition: the Christian Church (Disciples of Christ), Churches of Christ, and Christian Churches/Churches of Christ. This volume brings together twenty-six essays drawn from the significant scholarship on the Stone-Campbell Movement that has flourished over the past twenty years. Reprinted from diverse scholarly journals and concentrating on historiographic issues, the essays consider such topics as the movement's origins, its influence on the presidency, its presence in Britain, and its multicultural aspects. In their introduction, Casey and Foster reveal the connections between this scholarship and larger issues of American history, religion, and culture. They note that David Edwin Harrell Jr., and Richard T. Hughes--both of whom are represented in the collection--have provided competing paradigms of the social and intellectual history of the movement: While Harrell defends the legitimacy of the sectarian "non-institutional" Churches of Christ, Hughes legitimizes the current progressive movement found in Churches of Christ. Casey and Foster propose six additional historiographic constructs as alternatives to those of Harrell and Hughes and assess each paradigm's implications for the scholarship of the movement. The first major survey of research on the Stone-Campbell movement in a quarter of a century, this book will also serve as an invaluable resource for scholars of American religious movements in general. The Editors: Michael W. Casey is professor the communication at Pepperdine University. He is the author of The Battle Over Hermeneutics in the Stone-Campbell Movement, 1800-1870 and Saddlebags, City Streets, and Cyberspace: A History of Preaching in the Churches of Christ. Douglas A. Foster is associate professor of church history and director of the Center for Restoration Studies at Abilene Christian University. He is author of Will the Cycle Be Unbroken? Churches of Christ Face the Twenty-First Century and co-author of The Crux of the Matter: Crisis, Tradition, and the Future of Churches of Christ. The Contributors: Peter Ackers, Louis Billington, Monroe Billington, Paul M. Blowers, Michael W. Casey, Anthony L. Dunnavant, David B. Eller, Philip G. A. Griffin-Allwood, Jean F. Hankins, David Edwin Harrell Jr., Nathan O. Hatch, L. Edward Hicks, Richard T. Hughes, Deryck W. Lovegrove, John L. Morrison, Russ Paden, Paul D. Phillips, William C. Ringenberg, Stephen Vaughn, Earl Irvin West, Mont Whitson, Glenn Michael Zuber.