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"Liberty was the most cherished right possessed by English-speaking people in the eighteenth century. It was both an ideal for the guidance of governors and a standard with which to measure the constitutionality of government; both a cause of the American Revolution and a purpose for drafting the United States Constitution; both an inheritance from Great Britain and a reason republican common lawyers continued to study the law of England." As John Philip Reid goes on to make clear, "liberty" did not mean to the eighteenth-century mind what it means today. In the twentieth century, we take for granted certain rights—such as freedom of speech and freedom of the press—with which the state is forbidden to interfere. To the revolutionary generation, liberty was preserved by curbing its excesses. The concept of liberty taught not what the individual was free to do but what the rule of law permitted. Ultimately, liberty was law—the rule of law and the legalism of custom. The British constitution was the charter of liberty because it provided for the rule of law. Drawing on an impressive command of the original materials, Reid traces the eighteenth-century notion of liberty to its source in the English common law. He goes on to show how previously problematic arguments involving the related concepts of licentiousness, slavery, arbitrary power, and property can also be fit into the common-law tradition. Throughout, he focuses on what liberty meant to the people who commented on and attempted to influence public affairs on both sides of the Atlantic. He shows the depth of pride in liberty—English liberty—that pervaded the age, and he also shows the extent—unmatched in any other era or among any other people—to which liberty both guided and motivated political and constitutional action.
The “enormously entertaining” (The Wall Street Journal) account of a shocking 1897 murder mystery that “artfully re-create[s] the era, the crime, and the newspaper wars it touched off” (The New York Times) AN EDGAR NOMINEE FOR BEST FACT CRIME • “Fascinating . . . won’t disappoint readers in search of a book like Erik Larson’s The Devil in the White City.”—The Washington Post On Long Island, a farmer finds a duck pond turned red with blood. On the Lower East Side, two boys discover a floating human torso wrapped tightly in oilcloth. Blueberry pickers near Harlem stumble upon neatly severed limbs in an overgrown ditch. The police are baffled: There are no witnesses, no motives, no suspects. The grisly finds that began on the afternoon of June 26, 1897, plunged detectives headlong into the era’s most perplexing murder mystery. Seized upon by battling media moguls Joseph Pulitzer and William Randolph Hearst, the case became a publicity circus, as their rival newspapers the World and the Journal raced to solve the crime. What emerged was a sensational love triangle and an even more sensational trial. The Murder of the Century is a rollicking tale—a rich evocation of America during the Gilded Age and a colorful re-creation of the tabloid wars that forever changed newspaper journalism.
Beguinages ('begijnhoven') are unique to the Low Countries. Originally, beguine communities were disseminated over a large area comprising the northern and southern Low Countries, northern France, and parts of present-day Germany and Switzerland. The typical 'court' beguinages, however, are represented most strongly in the southern Low Countries, where a considerable number of them still exist. On account of their historical, architectural, and socio-religious value, a selection of thirteen beguinages was recognized as World Heritage by Unesco in 1998. Only recently, research has paid closer attention to the material culture of beguinage life, including literacy and book culture among beguines. Beguinae in cantu instructae focuses on another 'new' aspect of this musical culture, and for the first time describes and studies the sources of the beguines' musical life. The volume fills a void in current musicology and beguine scholarship, sketching the previously unassessed quality, quantity, stylistic diversity, and historical and geographical dissemination of the repertory. On the one hand, a number of source studies yield a deeper insight into several aspects of the preserved patrimony, which proves to be both rich and diverse. The 'story behind the music' provides the context necessary for a full understanding of the sources. On the other hand, this book aims at stimulating further exploration of the music by providing a repertory of all music manuscripts and prints that have been found thus far. Beguinae in cantu instructae will inform the general reader on new aspects of beguine life; furthermore, it will provide amateur and professional musicians with new material (from the Middle Ages to the late 18th century) and historians and musicologists with a basis for further study and research.