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The concept of Industry 4.0 appeared for the first time in an article published in November 2011 by the German government that resulted from an initiative regarding a high-tech strategy for 2020. Since then, several cutting-edge technologies evolved at a very fast pace and they are promising to play a crucial role in the development of smart factories. What are the reasons that are pushing us towards a 4th industrial revolution? What are the key technologies? How industrial countries are facing it? What are the main challenges? This book is designed to provide managers, engineers and students with the full picture of the 4th Industrial Revolution, its implications to organisations, its technologies and their applications. This book is divided into 4 main parts: PART 1: OVERVIEW. This section provides a general overview of the 4th industrial revolution. Do we really need a step change? What are the key technologies and the main implications on our way of producing goods? How are industrial countries facing this trend?PART 2: THE KEY TECHNOLOGIES. In this section, we will go through a set of technologies which will be the bricks to build digital factories, the final goal of Industry 4.0. For each technology, we will provide a brief historical overview, we will explain how the technology works and what solutions are currently available on the market. Finally, we will present some concrete ideas for the implementation of pilot projects in an existing facility.PART 3: THE SMART FACTORY. In this section, we will provide a proper definition of what a Smart Factory is. Indeed, designing a Smart Factory is much more than putting some digital technologies together, just like learning a new language is much more than putting some new words together. A Smart Factory combines smart solutions to create a virtuous environment in which workers may take advantage of their cognitive skills instead of doing repetitive tasks. A step-by-step approach for the implementation of a Smart Factory will be provided, and some practical examples of existing factories will be described.PART 4: REQUIREMENTS AND SKILLS IN DEMAND. The last part of the book describes the requirements that companies must take into account if they are willing to develop new smart solutions inside their production facilities. A set of soft and hard skills will be required as well: soft skills include risk management, change management, creativity, flexibility, whereas hard skills include subjects like mechatronics, material engineering, computer technology and much more
The world progresses toward Industry 4.0, and manufacturers are challenged to successfully navigate this unique digital journey. To some, digitalization is a golden opportunity; to others, it is a necessary evil. But to optimist and pessimist alike, there is a widespread puzzlement over the practical details of digitalization. To many manufacturers, digital transformation is a vague and confusing concept they nevertheless must grapple with in order to survive the Fourth Industrial Revolution. The proliferation of digital manufacturing technologies adds to the confusion, leaving many manufacturers perplexed and unprepared, with little real insight into how emerging technologies can help them sustain a competitive edge in their markets. This book effectively conveys Siemens's knowledge and experience through a concept called "Smart Digital Manufacturing," a stepwise approach to realizing the promise of the Fourth Industrial Revolution. The Smart Digital Manufacturing roadmap provides guidance and enables low-risk, high-reward adoption of new manufacturing software technologies through a series of tipping-point investment decisions that result in optimized manufacturing performance. The book provides readers with a clear understanding of what digital technology has to offer them, and how and when to invest in these essential components of tomorrow?s factories. René Wolf is Senior Vice President of Manufacturing Operations Management Software for Siemens Digital Industries Software, a business unit of the Siemens Digital Factory Division. Raffaello Lepratti is Vice President of Business Development and Marketing for Siemens Digital Industries Software.
This guide aims to support growers and businesses operating in the global avocado industry in their efforts to implement responsible business conduct (RBC) practices to improve the sustainability of their operations. By committing to RBC and implementing due diligence processes, these businesses can avoid social conflicts and environmental damage, which will also help to minimize financial losses and maintain long-term profitability. Responsible business conduct helps to identify, prioritize and deal with problems as they arise, rather than waiting for them to grow bigger or be discovered by others. The purpose of this guide is to strengthen the capacity of avocado producing, packing and exporting businesses and associations, including small and medium-sized companies, to begin their RBC journey by implementing Step 2 of the due diligence process (i.e. identify and prioritize risks of negative impacts). The guide also discusses ways to address these risks to implement Step 3: Cease, remedy, prevent and/or mitigate risks. The guide builds on the OECD-FAO Guidance for Responsible Agricultural Supply Chains and provides references to many other useful resources. It was developed by the Responsible Fruits Project with support from the Government of Germany.
This Guide was developed in accordance with the Memorandum of Understanding between the NASA George C. Marshall Space Flight Center and the following States: Alabama, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, Tennessee, West Virginia. The economic welfare of individual communities is currently a matter of considerable interest. Concern for the position of US industry in the competitive world marketplace is a matter of growing concern as well. This 'guide' describes a process whereby communities may seize the opportunity to improve their own economic destiny. The method described involves linking the technology needs of existing industries to the technologies which are available from Federal Laboratories. Community technology transfer is an 'action possibility' which allows individual citizen groups to do something tangible to improve the economic climate of the places where they live and work. The George C. Marshall Space Flight Center in Huntsville, Alabama is pledged to promote and encourage such efforts, and stands ready to help communities both large and small in that regard. Unspecified Center
Includes various departmental reports and reports of commissions. Cf. Gregory. Serial publications of foreign governments, 1815-1931.
Presents current statistical data on economic activity.
This publication contains detailed and practical guidance for fisheries professionals on identification, assessment and reporting of subsidies in the fisheries sector, covering the following topics: planning and preparation for a fishery subsidies study; definitions and categories of subsidies; assessment methods and measurement factors; comparative analysis; costs and earnings analyses, taking into account the impact on industry profits; and reporting issues.