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This book grasps the opportunity to show the strength of AGMEMOD in terms of baseline analysis at detailed regional and market levels, supported by an experienced team of country-based modellers. This analysis, produced using the AGMEMOD model, will be of interest to researchers working in the field of agricultural policy analysis as well as to policy makers from both the European Commission and its member states’ agriculture ministries.
Deals with the theory and methods required for specifying, estimating, validating, and applying commodity models which describe behavior of a quarterly or annual nature, though certain ...
Nonformal general equilibrium, consistency approaches and frameworks. General, systems simulation approach. Linear programming models. Multi-level planning models. Operational usefluness of analysis and models to users.
Despite a gradual and sustained decline in the contribution of agriculture to the economies of the member countries of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), the sector remains socially and politically important. Although agriculture accounts for less than 2% of the gross domestic product of the OECD countries, it occupies over 35% of their total land area. Predominantly rural regions, where agriculture remains particularly important, contain almost one quarter of the population of OECD countries. The past quarter century has witnessed signi?cant changes in agricultural po- cies in OECD countries. Although total support remains high, a shift has taken place from price-linked measures to direct income support, most notably in the European Union. Policies have been adapted to meet pressing social concerns, such as ens- ing food security and improving environmental quality. OECD countries face major economic issues due to the ageing of their populations and the need to adapt to gl- alization and increasing competition from emerging economies. Continued pressure to reform agricultural policies will be exerted by the need to economize on the use of scarce public resources. At the same time, agriculture faces new challenges g- erated by climate change, the “greening” of the economy, increasing scarcity of energy and water, and the demands placed on the food system by an expanding world population.
Part I National and International Planning Models -- A. Economic Planning -- 2. Some Thoughts on Mature Socialism / Jan Tinbergen -- 3. On Models of Planning Regional Development in Hungary / Joseph Sebestyen -- 4. Development Planning / Wilbur R. Maki and James E. Angus -- 5. Economic Adjustment Research for Policy Guidance: An Example from Agriculture / Thomas A. Miller -- 6. Unemployment and the International Division of Labour / B. Herman -- 7. Planning for the United Arab Republic / Ragnar Frisch -- B. Static and Dynamic Input-Output Models -- 8. Interregional Input-Output: A State of the Arts Survey / Roger F. Riefler -- 9. An Analysis of United States Commodity F'reight Shipments / Karen R. Polenske -- 10. Linkages Between Industries in Urban-Regional Complexes / Stan Czamanski -- 11. Application of a Turnpike Theorem to Planning for Efficient Accumulation: An Example for Japan / J. Tsukui -- Part II Linear Planning Models over Space and Time -- A. Spatial Programming Models -- 12. Optimal Transportation Patterns or Single Commodities in Capacitatcd Networks / L J. King, E. Casetti and C.C. Kissling -- 13. An Application or a Multi-Commodity Transportation Model to the U.S. Feed Grain Economy / L.J. Guedry -- 14. A Spatial Analysisorthe U.S. Livestock Economy / G.G. Judge, J. Havlicek and R.L. Rizek -- 15. An Interregional Analysis of the United States Soybean Industry / J.V. Leunis and R.J. Vandenborre -- 16. Pricing and Allocation Models Applied to Regional Trade and Location or Industries / H.E. Buchholz -- 17. Experiences with Multi-Commodity Models in Regional Analysis / G. Weinschenck, W. Henrichsmeyer and C.H. Hanf -- B. Spatial and/or Temporal Programming Models -- 18. Recursive Programming Models: A Brief Introduction / Richard H. Day -- 19. Dynamic Micro-economic Models of Production, Investment and Technological Change of the U.S. and Japanese Iron and Steel Industries |/ Masatoshi A. Abe -- 20. An Interregional Recursive Programming Model of the U.S. Iron and Steel Industry / Jon P. Nelson -- 21. Recursive Programming Models or Agricultural Development / I. Singh -- Part III Non-Linear Models over Space and Time -- A. Spatial Programming Models -- 22. Spatial Equilibrium Analysis of Livestock Products in Eastern Japan / Kozo Sasaki -- 23. A Positive Model of Spatial Equilibrium with Special Reference to the Broiler Markets / T.-C. Lee and S.K. Seaver -- 24. A Spatial Analysis of the EEC Trade Policies in the Market for Winter Oranges / P. Zusman, A. Melamed and I. Katzir -- 25. A Spatial Price Analysis of the World Wheal Economy: Some Long-Run Predictions / Andrew Schmitz and D. Lee Bawden -- B. Spatial and/or Temporal Models -- 26. An Evaluation of Policy Alternatives Facing Australian Banana Producers / J.W.B. Guise and W. Aggrey-Mensah. -- 27. Allocation and Pricing of Water Resources / J.W.B. Guise and J.C. Flinn -- 28. Allocation of Milk Through Space and Time in a Competitively Mixed Dairy Industry / Marvin W. Kottke -- 29. Temporal Equilibrium Analysis of Rice and Wheat in India / V.K. Pandey and T. Takayama -- 30. An Investigation of Agricultural Planning Models; A Case Study of the Indian's Food Economy / S.P. Pant and T. Takayama -- 31. An Exact Hume-Ricardo-Marshall Model of International Trade / Paul A. Samuelson -- Part IV Public and Private Planning Models -- 32. National and Interregional Models of Water Demand for Land Use and Agricultural Policies / Earl O. Heady and Howard C. Madsen -- 33. Evaluation of the Effect of Alternative Agricultural Systems on Water Quality: A Linear Programming Approach / E.R. Swanson and A.V.S. Narayanan -- 34. Capital Budgeting and Financial Management in Linear Programming Models / C.B. Baker -- 35. An Econometric Model of Supply, Demand and Wages of Educated Workers / H. Correa.
This book presents the basic model of an agricultural household that underlies most of the case studies undertaken so far. The model assumes that households are price-takers and is therefore recursive. The decisions modeled include those affecting production and the demand for inputs and those affecting consumption and the supply of labor. Comparative results on selected elasticities are presented for a number of economies. The empirical significance of the approach is demonstrated in a comparison of models that treat production and consumption decisions separately and those in which the decisionmaking process is recursive. The book summarizes the implications of agricultural pricing policy for the welfare of farm households, marketed surplus, the demand for nonagricultural goods and services, the rural labor market, budget revenues, and foreign exchange earnings. In addition, it is shown that the basic model can be extended in order to explore the effects of government policy on crop composition, nutritional status, health, saving, and investment and to provide a more comprehensive analysis of the effects on budget revenues and foreign exchange earnings. Methodological topics, primarily the data requirements of the basic model and its extensions, along with aggregation, market interaction, uncertainty, and market imperfections are discussed. The most important methodological issues - the question of the recursive property of these models - is also discussed.
This book details the preparation of USAGE-TERM, a computable general equilibrium model that provides regional economic detail in the USA. The model can represent either congressional district or state level economic activity. The latter may include a top-down representation of county activity. Interest in USAGE-TERM is growing among government departments. It is a practical tool, which may enhance analysis of productivity growth and innovation, adverse events such as drought or civil disruption and the dynamic economic impacts of major projects.Economic analysts and policy makers care about regions. Some regions suffer growing pains, as supporting infrastructure and services struggle to cope with population growth. Soaring house prices and rentals may lower affordability for many. Other regions suffer ongoing decline due to structural change. Regional economic fluctuations are often far more dramatic than national fluctuations.
Agricultural and rural credit in the developing countries.