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Should the Byzantine text-type be considered valuable in determining the original text of the New Testament? Does it bear independent witness to ancient readings? Dr. Harry Sturz, in a book published in 1984, maintained that it should be valued and that it could help with finding older readings and thus contribute to our knowledge of and confidence in the text of the Greek New Testament. His position, that the Byzantine text-type should be weighed along with other witnesses to the ancient text, differs from those who dismiss Byzantine manuscripts, which were largely copied later, but also from those who hold that the Byzantine text has priority or even is determinative of what the final reading should be. He uses carefully laid out arguments and numerous specific examples in making his case. This book is divided into two parts. The first outlines the positions both for relying on the Byzantine text and for largely ignoring it. Part two examines the evidence and outlines an argument that neither side of this debate should win the field, but rather that the Byzantine text should be valued, but not made exclusive. Energion Publications is pleased to offer this reprint edition, reproducing the text of the old book exactly, and adding a preface by Dr. David Alan Black. We believe that Dr. Sturz’s arguments provide a strong case and are as relevant today as they were in 1984. We also believe that not just scholars but all believers should be made aware of discussions about the text of Scripture so that they can understand the arguments for the reliability of the text we have today. This book is primarily aimed at students of New Testament textual criticism and at scholars who are seeking to refine their art. The first section especially is accessible to any serious reader. While the second section does include Greek text and excellent references, the main argument is clear and accessible.
Acts of the Apostles is a pivotal book in New Testament studies, giving us information about how the Church began and developed in those key years after the ascension and glorification of Jesus. This is a great resource for the study of Acts and has been adapted in many Bible colleges as a textbook. The Bible notes are excellent and clear, and the numerous special studies bring valuable information to the forefront that seldom makes it into a single volume.
A stunning work of scholarship, the Norton Critical Edition of The English Bible, King James Version, is the most accessible edition available. In celebration of the 400th anniversary of the King James Bible, these long-awaited volumes bring together succinct introductions to each biblical book, detailed explanatory annotations, and a wealth of contextual and critical materials. Archaic words are explained, textual problems are lucidly discussed, and stylistic features of the original texts are highlighted. Judicious and economical, the introductions and annotations to the Old Testament give readers without Hebrew an entry into complexities of biblical literature, reconstructing its original contexts, tracing its evolution, and pointing out productive strategies of reading. Incorporating the insights of modern biblical scholarship as well as centuries of precritical interpretation, they offer essential guidance to a labyrinthine world, while respecting the text’s integrity. The historical and critical appendix comprises three distinct collections. A section on ancient Near Eastern backgrounds presents the myths, hymns, prayers, and legal codes that informed the creation of the Hebrew Bible. A historical anthology of biblical interpretation gathers—for the first time in one volume—generous selections from the Jewish, Christian, and Muslim traditions, along with classics of secular commentary. It includes reflections on the Bible by philosophers from Hobbes to Ricoeur; a compendium of modern biblical scholarship, focusing on topics such as the oral and the written, the composition of the Pentateuch, and the historical movement from covenant to canon; and a provocative sampling of comparative and literary approaches. The crucial presence of the Old Testament within English literature is represented by paraphrases and parables in verse and prose, and a recapitulatory conclusion brings the diverse perspectives of this millennial survey to bear on two of the Bible’s most famous passages: the expulsion from the garden of Eden and the binding of Isaac. A final section devoted to the question of translation includes significant English versions from Wycliffe to the present. Time lines, chronologies, diagrams, and maps are included.
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Truth in Translation is a critical study of Biblical translation, assessing the accuracy of nine English versions of the New Testament in wide use today. By looking at passages where theological investment is at a premium, the author demonstrates that many versions deviate from accurate translation under the pressure of theological bias.
A recognized expert in New Testament Greek offers a historical understanding of the writing, transmission, and translation of the New Testament and provides cutting-edge insights into how we got the New Testament in its ancient Greek and modern English forms. In part responding to those who question the New Testament's reliability, Stanley Porter rigorously defends the traditional goals of textual criticism: to establish the original text. He reveals fascinating details about the earliest New Testament manuscripts and shows that the textual evidence supports an early date for the New Testament's formation. He also explores the vital role translation plays in biblical understanding and evaluates various translation theories. The book offers a student-level summary of a vast amount of historical and textual information.
This is a PDF based on the contents of a web site I’ve been working on for decades. I do not believe I will ever entirely finish it. But I wanted to make it available. Textual criticism is the process of recovering an ancient document from late and corrupt manuscript copies; New Testament Textual Criticism consists of trying to figure out what the New Testament originally said before scribes messed it up. Dedicated to Dr. Sally Amundson and Dr. Carol Elizabeth Anway and Lily. This version, from July 20, 2013, will probably be the last; the file is almost too large to edit.
The Comprehensive New Testament only requires a sixth grade reading level and is the most accurate translation of the Nestle-Aland 27th edition Greek New Testament ever produced. The Nestle-Aland 27th edition is overwhelmingly trusted by Catholic and Protestant churches to represent the oldest surviving Greek manuscripts. The Comprehensive New Testament has complete textual variant mapping for 20 English versions: American Standard Version 1901 Douay-Rheims American Edition 1899 translation of the Vulgate English Standard Version 2001, 2007 Holman Christian Standard Bible 1999 David Stern s Jewish New Testament 1998 King James Version 1611, 1769 Blayney revision Murdock s translation of the Peshitta 1851 New American Bible, revised 1991 New American Standard Bible 1960 New American Standard Bible, 1995 revision New English Translation 2004 New International Version 1984 New Jerusalem Bible 1985 New King James Version 1982 New Living Translation, 2nd Edition 2004 New Revised Standard Version 1989 Revised English Bible 1989 Revised Standard Version, 2nd Edition 1971 Today s English Version (Good News Bible) 1966 The Living Bible (paraphrase) 1971 Over 15,000 variations in ancient manuscripts are translated in the footnotes. Uncertain readings are clearly marked in brackets. Readability, accuracy, and formal equivalence are empirically measured and charted for the 20 English versions and compared to The Comprehensive New Testament. Readability is measured using the Coleman-Liau scoring system in Readability Studio version 1.2.0.0, Copyright 2007. Accuracy and formal equivalence are measured by comparing each verse from the different versions to the Nestle-Aland 27th edition Greek New Testament. Cross references are arranged by topic, passage, and verse. Highly significant parallels are quoted in special highlight boxes throughout the cross reference index. The cross reference index includes over 40,000 references for: Old and New Testaments Old Testament Apocrypha Apostolic and Patristic Writings Dead Sea Scrolls Dhammapada Epic of Gilgamesh Golden Verses of Pythagoras Greek Literature Nag Hammadi Library New Testament Apocrypha Pseudepigrapha Rabbinic Writings Tacitus The Egyptian Book of the Dead Works of Josephus Works of Philo Works of Plato