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Corps of Engineers flood control studies have normally included an upward adjustment in flood damages to reflect the impact of increasing real income. Thus it is alleged that the increases in real income tend to result in increasing real value of property and contents in the flood plain. Current regulations restrict the application of an affluence factor to contents of residential property and provide limits to its use. This investigation explores two sources of data which potentially could be used to construct indicators of long-run changes in damageable value of commercial and industrial property and contents. This report finds that aggregate national data sources do not permit a consistent indicator of shifts in the real value of commercial and industrial property and contents. Further investigation of two areas for which the Corps had conducted several flood damage studies reached inconclusive results for two important reasons. First, the composition of commercial and industrial occupancy of flood plains rapidly shifted and second, repetitive flood damage surveys rarely resurveyed property previously surveyed, preferring to concentrate on development originating since the last survey. Thus the time series data was faulty for use in constructing indices. (Author).
A two-dimensional horizontal finite element numerical model (RMA-2) was applied to a 15 mile (24 km) river channel-floodplain reach in West Germany. Previous applications of such models have been restricted to much smaller scales. The results indicate that finite element schemes may successfully estimate river stage in large scale floodplain applications. Computed stage hydrographs compared well with observed data using loss coefficients within expected ranges. Two-dimensional flow models have been applied to certain classes of river channel problems. Applications have included detailed analyses of flow patterns near structures such as bridges and floodplains. In all these problems the scale of interest has been small, e.g. reaches of river a few river widths long. Many estuary studies have been done that were of large scale; some of these utilized a hybrid (numerical plus physical) modeling technique. In a review of the application of finite element methods to river channels, Samuels reported that the river channel was resolved separately from the floodplain in only two studies. Missing in previous work is attention to large scale floodplain modeling. The work reported in this paper focuses on the feasibility and accuracy of applying a two-dimensional flow model to a large floodplain. Traditional floodplain studies have used semi-empirical flow routing with steady, one-dimensional computation of water surface elevations to define inundated areas. Keywords: Army Corps of Engines. (kr).
This paper overviews the general features of computer program 'HEC-5, Simulation of Flood Control and Conservation Systems', with emphasis on the capabilities of the most recent release of HEC-5, Version 7.2, dated March 1991. HEC-5 can simulate the essential features and operation goals and constraints of simple or complex systems with simulation intervals ranging from minutes to one month. Single event flood analysis and period of record conservation analysis may be accomplished with the model. Flood control analysis includes balanced system operation for downstream damage centers with consideration of forecasted local flows and hydrologic routing. In addition, induced surcharge operation based on spillway gate regulation schedules can be simulated. Hydropower analysis may include run-of-river, peaking, and pumped storage plants as well as system power operation. Water supply simulation can include reservoir and downstream flow requirements in addition to divers ions and return flows. Water Quality analysis can include simulation of temperature, dissolved oxygen, up to three conservative and up to three nonconservative constituents. Computer Programs, Simulation, Reservoirs, Flood Control, Reservoir Yield, Hydroelectric Power, Water Supply, Water Quality.